由于stop()方法已经过时和废弃,是之前JDK设计有缺陷的方法,所以我们一般使用interrupt()方法来终止线程,但是interrupt()方法并不像stop()方法那样暴力终止线程,通俗的说使用效果并没有for+break语句那样,马上就终止循环。调用interrupt()方法仅仅是在当前线程中打了一个停止的标记,并不是真正意义上的停止线程。我们先来看一个简单的示例:
public class InterruptDemo extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 500000; i++) {
System.out.println("i=" + (i + 1));
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
InterruptDemo interruptDemo = new InterruptDemo();
interruptDemo.start();
//让线程休眠2秒
Thread.sleep(2000);
interruptDemo.interrupt();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("main catch");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
执行结果如下:
从运行结果来看,interrupt()方法并没有终止线程,所以我们需要java提供的2个方法interrupted()和isInterrupted()来判断它停止的标志从而能正确的终止线程。但是这2个方法是很容易混淆的,下面我们通过源码解读+测试小例子来把它们的区别和用法彻底搞清楚。
判断线程是否是停止状态,java中的JDK提供了两种方法:
Thread.interrupted():测试当前线程是否已经中断
this.isInterrupted():测试线程是否已经中断
这两个方法有什么差别呢?我们先看下JDK源码:
/**
* Tests whether the current thread has been interrupted. The
* interrupted status of the thread is cleared by this method. In
* other words, if this method were to be called twice in succession, the
* second call would return false (unless the current thread were
* interrupted again, after the first call had cleared its interrupted
* status and before the second call had examined it).
*
* A thread interruption ignored because a thread was not alive
* at the time of the interrupt will be reflected by this method
* returning false.
*
* @return true
if the current thread has been interrupted;
* false
otherwise.
* @see #isInterrupted()
* @revised 6.0
*/
public static boolean interrupted() {
return currentThread().isInterrupted(true);
}
/**
* Tests whether this thread has been interrupted. The interrupted
* status of the thread is unaffected by this method.
*
*
A thread interruption ignored because a thread was not alive
* at the time of the interrupt will be reflected by this method
* returning false.
*
* @return true
if this thread has been interrupted;
* false
otherwise.
* @see #interrupted()
* @revised 6.0
*/
public boolean isInterrupted() {
return isInterrupted(false);
}
/**
* Tests if some Thread has been interrupted. The interrupted state
* is reset or not based on the value of ClearInterrupted that is
* passed.
*/
private native boolean isInterrupted(boolean ClearInterrupted);
首先我们发现这个2个方法都调用了isInterrupted(boolean ClearInterrupted)这个方法,我们看这个方法的注解,它的意思是说如果一个线程已经被终止了,中断状态是否被重置取决于ClearInterrupted
的值,即ClearInterrupted为true时,中断状态会被重置,为false则不会被重置。
然后我们比较这2个方法的差别,结果就很明显了,可以看出,interrupted()是静态方法,所以我们用Thread.interrupted()方法表示,它调用的是currentThread().isInterrupted(true)方法,即说明是返回当前线程的是否已经中断的状态值,而且有清理中断状态的机制。而isInterrupted()是一个实例方法,所以我们用this.isInterrupted()方法表示,它调用的是isInterrupted(false)方法,意思是返回线程是否已经中断的状态值,与Thread.interrupted()方法相反,它没有清理中断状态的机制。(PS:这里看不懂没关系,后面会用例子验证)
1. Thread.interrupted()
下面我们先研究一下Thread.interrupted()方法,请看下面的一个例子:
public class InterruptDemo1 extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
for (int i = 0; i < 50000; i++) {
System.out.println("i=" + (i + 1));
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
InterruptDemo1 thread=new InterruptDemo1();
thread.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
thread.interrupt();
System.out.println("是否已经停止 1?="+Thread.interrupted());
System.out.println("是否已经停止 2?="+Thread.interrupted());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("end!");
}
从执行的结果来看,线程并未终止,这也就证明了interrupted()方法的解释:测试当前线程是否已经中断,这个“当前线程”是main,它从未中断过,所以2个结果都是false。
哪如何让main线程终止呢?
public class InterruptDemo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
System.out.println("是否停止 1?="+Thread.interrupted());
System.out.println("是否停止 2?="+Thread.interrupted());
System.out.println("end!");
}
}
执行结果如下:
是否停止 1?=true
是否停止 2?=false
end!
从执行结果来看,方法interrupted()的确能判断出当前线程是否是中断(停止)状态。第二个false是什么意思呢,这就验证了我们上面所说的中断状态清除的情况,就是说interrupted()会清除中断状态,如果连续2次调用该方法,则第二次会返回false值(在第一次调用已清除了中端状态之后,且第二次调用检验完中断状态之前,当前线程再次中断的情况除外)。
2. this.isInterrupted()
分析完Thread.interrupted()方法之后,我们下面再来分析this.isInterrupted()方法:
public class InterruptDemo3 extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
for (int i = 0; i < 50000; i++) {
System.out.println("i=" + (i + 1));
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
InterruptDemo3 thread = new InterruptDemo3();
thread.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
thread.interrupt();
System.out.println("是否已经停止 1?=" + thread.isInterrupted());
System.out.println("是否已经停止 2?=" + thread.isInterrupted());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("end!");
}
}
执行结果:
从结果看,2个值都为true,说明方法isInterrupted()并没有清除中断状态标志,和我们之前分析源码的结果一致。
《java多线程编程核心技术》