spark createDirectStream保存kafka offset(JAVA实现)

问题描述

最近使用spark streaming处理kafka的数据，业务数据量比较大，就使用了kafkaUtils的createDirectStream()方式，此方法直接从kafka的broker的分区中读取数据，跳过了zookeeper，并且没有receiver，是spark的task直接对接kakfa topic partition，能保证消息恰好一次语意，但是此种方式因为没有经过zk，topic的offset也就没有保存，当job重启后只能从最新的offset开始消费消息，造成重启过程中的消息丢失。

解决方案

一般，有两种方式可以先spark streaming 保存offset：spark checkpoint机制和程序中自己实现保存offset逻辑，下面分别介绍。

checkpoint机制

spark streaming job 可以通过checkpoint 的方式保存job执行断点，断点中有spark streaming context中的全部信息（包括有kakfa每个topic partition的offset）。checkpoint有两种方式，一个是checkpoint 数据和metadata，另一个只checkpoint metadata，一般情况只保存metadata即可，因此这里只介绍checkpoint metadata。

流程图

Created with Raphaël 2.1.0 Start checkpoint存在? 从checkpoint得到sparkStreamingContext checkpoint sparkStreamingContext数据到hdfs/tachyon 读取数据 启动task，处理数据 End 新建sparkStreamingContext yes no

代码实现

package com.frey.example;

import kafka.serializer.StringDecoder;
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf;
import org.apache.spark.api.java.function.Function;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.Duration;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.api.java.JavaDStream;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.api.java.JavaPairInputDStream;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.api.java.JavaStreamingContext;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.api.java.JavaStreamingContextFactory;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka.KafkaUtils;
import scala.Tuple2;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Checkpoint example
 *
 * @author Shuai YUAN
 * @date 2015/10/27
 */
public class CheckpointTest {

    private static String CHECKPOINT_DIR = "/checkpoint";

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // get javaStreamingContext from checkpoint dir or create from sparkconf
        JavaStreamingContext jssc = JavaStreamingContext.getOrCreate(CHECKPOINT_DIR, new JavaStreamingContextFactory() {
            public JavaStreamingContext create() {
                return createContext();
            }
        });

        jssc.start();
        jssc.awaitTermination();

    }

    public static JavaStreamingContext createContext() {

        SparkConf sparkConf = new SparkConf().setAppName("tachyon-test-consumer");

        Set topicSet = new HashSet();
        topicSet.add("test_topic");

        HashMap kafkaParam = new HashMap();
        kafkaParam.put("metadata.broker.list", "test1:9092,test2:9092");

        JavaStreamingContext jssc = new JavaStreamingContext(sparkConf, new Duration(2000));

        // do checkpoint metadata to hdfs
        jssc.checkpoint(CHECKPOINT_DIR);

        JavaPairInputDStream message =
                KafkaUtils.createDirectStream(
                        jssc,
                        String.class,
                        String.class,
                        StringDecoder.class,
                        StringDecoder.class,
                        kafkaParam,
                        topicSet
                );

        JavaDStream valueDStream = message.map(new Function, String>() {
            public String call(Tuple2 v1) throws Exception {
                return v1._2();
            }
        });
        valueDStream.count().print();

        return jssc;
    }
}

自己实现保存offset到zk

开发者可以自己开发保存offset到zk的实现逻辑。spark streaming 的rdd可以被转换为HasOffsetRanges类型，进而得到所有partition的offset。

实现流程

Created with Raphaël 2.1.0 start 初始化kafka连接参数 初始化kafka cluster对象 利用kafka连接参数得到offsets集合 出现异常? 设置offsets为0 初始化sparkStreamingContext 初始化Kafka对应的DStream 得到DStream中rdd对应的offsets 处理数据... 更新offset到kafka cluster end yes no

源码实现

scala的实现网上很容易搜到，这里贴个java实现的代码。

package com.xueba207.test;

import kafka.common.TopicAndPartition;
import kafka.message.MessageAndMetadata;
import kafka.serializer.StringDecoder;
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf;
import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
import org.apache.spark.api.java.function.Function;
import org.apache.spark.broadcast.Broadcast;
import org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame;
import org.apache.spark.sql.SaveMode;
import org.apache.spark.sql.hive.HiveContext;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.Duration;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.api.java.JavaDStream;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.api.java.JavaInputDStream;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.api.java.JavaStreamingContext;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka.HasOffsetRanges;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka.KafkaCluster;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka.KafkaUtils;
import org.apache.spark.streaming.kafka.OffsetRange;
import scala.Predef;
import scala.Tuple2;
import scala.collection.JavaConversions;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;

/**
 * KafkaOffsetExample
 *
 * @author Shuai YUAN
 * @date 2015/10/28
 */
public class KafkaOffsetExample {

    private static KafkaCluster kafkaCluster = null;

    private static HashMap kafkaParam = new HashMap();

    private static Broadcast> kafkaParamBroadcast = null;

    private static scala.collection.immutable.Set immutableTopics = null;

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SparkConf sparkConf = new SparkConf().setAppName("tachyon-test-consumer");

        Set topicSet = new HashSet();
        topicSet.add("test_topic");


        kafkaParam.put("metadata.broker.list", "test:9092");
        kafkaParam.put("group.id", "com.xueba207.test");

        // transform java Map to scala immutable.map
        scala.collection.mutable.Map testMap = JavaConversions.mapAsScalaMap(kafkaParam);
        scala.collection.immutable.Map scalaKafkaParam =
                testMap.toMap(new Predef.$less$colon$less, Tuple2>() {
                    public Tuple2 apply(Tuple2 v1) {
                        return v1;
                    }
                });

        // init KafkaCluster
        kafkaCluster = new KafkaCluster(scalaKafkaParam);

        scala.collection.mutable.Set mutableTopics = JavaConversions.asScalaSet(topicSet);
        immutableTopics = mutableTopics.toSet();
        scala.collection.immutable.Set topicAndPartitionSet2 = kafkaCluster.getPartitions(immutableTopics).right().get();

        // kafka direct stream 初始化时使用的offset数据
        Map consumerOffsetsLong = new HashMap();

        // 没有保存offset时（该group首次消费时）, 各个partition offset 默认为0
        if (kafkaCluster.getConsumerOffsets(kafkaParam.get("group.id"), topicAndPartitionSet2).isLeft()) {

            System.out.println(kafkaCluster.getConsumerOffsets(kafkaParam.get("group.id"), topicAndPartitionSet2).left().get());

            Set topicAndPartitionSet1 = JavaConversions.setAsJavaSet(topicAndPartitionSet2);

            for (TopicAndPartition topicAndPartition : topicAndPartitionSet1) {
                consumerOffsetsLong.put(topicAndPartition, 0L);
            }

        }
        // offset已存在, 使用保存的offset
        else {

            scala.collection.immutable.Map consumerOffsetsTemp = kafkaCluster.getConsumerOffsets("com.frey.ys.test", topicAndPartitionSet2).right().get();

            Map consumerOffsets = JavaConversions.mapAsJavaMap(consumerOffsetsTemp);

            Set topicAndPartitionSet1 = JavaConversions.setAsJavaSet(topicAndPartitionSet2);

            for (TopicAndPartition topicAndPartition : topicAndPartitionSet1) {
                Long offset = (Long)consumerOffsets.get(topicAndPartition);
                consumerOffsetsLong.put(topicAndPartition, offset);
            }

        }

        JavaStreamingContext jssc = new JavaStreamingContext(sparkConf, new Duration(5000));
        kafkaParamBroadcast = jssc.sparkContext().broadcast(kafkaParam);

        // create direct stream
        JavaInputDStream message = KafkaUtils.createDirectStream(
                jssc,
                String.class,
                String.class,
                StringDecoder.class,
                StringDecoder.class,
                String.class,
                kafkaParam,
                consumerOffsetsLong,
                new Function, String>() {
                    public String call(MessageAndMetadata v1) throws Exception {
                        return v1.message();
                    }
                }
        );

        // 得到rdd各个分区对应的offset, 并保存在offsetRanges中
        final AtomicReference offsetRanges = new AtomicReference();
        JavaDStream javaDStream = message.transform(new Function, JavaRDD>() {
            public JavaRDD call(JavaRDD rdd) throws Exception {
                OffsetRange[] offsets = ((HasOffsetRanges) rdd.rdd()).offsetRanges();
                offsetRanges.set(offsets);
                return rdd;
            }
        });

        // output
        javaDStream.foreachRDD(new Function, Void>() {

            public Void call(JavaRDD v1) throws Exception {
                if (v1.isEmpty()) return null;

                //处理rdd数据，这里保存数据为hdfs的parquet文件
                HiveContext hiveContext = SQLContextSingleton.getHiveContextInstance(v1.context());
                DataFrame df = hiveContext.jsonRDD(v1);
                df.save("/offset/test", "parquet", SaveMode.Append);


                for (OffsetRange o : offsetRanges.get()) {

                    // 封装topic.partition 与 offset对应关系 java Map
                    TopicAndPartition topicAndPartition = new TopicAndPartition(o.topic(), o.partition());
                    Map topicAndPartitionObjectMap = new HashMap();
                    topicAndPartitionObjectMap.put(topicAndPartition, o.untilOffset());

                    // 转换java map to scala immutable.map
                    scala.collection.mutable.Map testMap =
                            JavaConversions.mapAsScalaMap(topicAndPartitionObjectMap);
                    scala.collection.immutable.Map scalatopicAndPartitionObjectMap =
                            testMap.toMap(new Predef.$less$colon$less, Tuple2>() {
                                public Tuple2 apply(Tuple2 v1) {
                                    return v1;
                                }
                            });

                    // 更新offset到kafkaCluster
                    kafkaCluster.setConsumerOffsets(kafkaParamBroadcast.getValue().get("group.id"), scalatopicAndPartitionObjectMap);

//                    System.out.println(
//                            o.topic() + " " + o.partition() + " " + o.fromOffset() + " " + o.untilOffset()
//                    );
                }
                return null;
            }
        });

        jssc.start();
        jssc.awaitTermination();
    }

}