django views中 request, response的常用操作

以问题的形式记录一些请求和响应的常见写法,django1.8为例子,持续积累和更新中

本文地址 http://blog.csdn.net/orangleliu/article/details/75226747

request

  • 获取post请求中的json数据
def hello(request):
    data = json.loads(request.body)
    ...

json格式还有一些 非表单序列化 的格式,都可以从 request.body 中获取请求体中的数据,对于ajax请求可以使用 request.is_ajax() 来判断

  • 根据请求的信息获取base url(有时候服务的域名比较多,还是需要动态的拼接一下url信息)
# url http://wificdn.com:8888/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544?name=lzz
request.get_host() # wificdn.com:8888
request.get_full_path() # u'/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544?name=lzz'

request.build_absolute_uri('/') # 'http://wificdn.com:8888/'
request.build_absolute_uri('/hello') # 'http://wificdn.com:8888/hello'
request.build_absolute_uri() # 'http://wificdn.com:8888/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544?name=lzz'

request.path # u'/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544'
request.scheme # 'http'
  • 获取表单中选中的 checkbox 信息, 例如checkbox的name为 checks
var_list = request.POST.getlist('checks')

返回的是个list对象,如果没有��️返回 [] ,如果表单中没有这个key也返回 []

response

  • json格式的响应 1.8版本中已经提供了 JsonResponse, from django.http import JsonResponse 就可以使用了,低版本的django可以参照源码自己写一个,几行代码就行了。

  • response 中设置 cookies 和 header

def xxxxview(request):
    ....

    resp = HttpResponseRedirect('/account/portal/?token=%s' % es)
    resp.set_cookie("coofilter", es, max_age=300)
    resp['Erya-Net-Type'] = NET_TYPE
    resp['Erya-Auth-Host'] = AUTH_HOST
    resp['Erya-Auth-Port'] = AUTH_PORT
    resp['Erya-Auth-Uip'] = ip
    resp['Erya-Auth-Token'] = es
    return resp

session

how to use session, 主要是get和set,和删除

def post_comment(request, new_comment):
    if request.session.get('has_commented', False):
        return HttpResponse("You've already commented.")
    c = comments.Comment(comment=new_comment)
    c.save()
    request.session['has_commented'] = True
    return HttpResponse('Thanks for your comment!')

def logout(request):
    try:
        del request.session['member_id']
    except KeyError:
        pass
    return HttpResponse("You're logged out.")

cookies

def login(request):
        response = HttpResponseRedirect('/url/to_your_home_page')
        response.set_cookie('cookie_name1', 'cookie_name1_value')
        response.set_cookie('cookie_name2', 'cookie_name2_value')
        return response

def logout(request):
    response = HttpResponseRedirect('/url/to_your_login')
    response.delete_cookie('cookie_name1')
    response.delete_cookie('cookie_name2')
    return response

# 获取
coo = request.COOKIES.get('coofilter')
# cookies 过期时间
hr.set_cookie('user_id', user_id, max_age=300)

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