微信公众号开发(自定义菜单的创建、删除，查询)
首先申请微信公众号，建议学习的话使用测试账号，测试账号拥有微信公众号开发的所有权限。信息都弄好的时。
1.创建微信公众号开发的工具类，里面有自己的APPID、APPSECRET信息(如果是测试账号的就填测试的信息)
package com.wlw.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import com.wlw.menu.Button;
import com.wlw.menu.ClickButton;
import com.wlw.menu.Menu;
import com.wlw.menu.ViewButton;
import com.wlw.po.AccessToken;
/**
* 微信工具类
* @author Stephen
*
*/
public class WeixinUtil {
//测试帐号，拥有所有权限
private static final String APPID = "******************";
private static final String APPSECRET = "*********************";
private static final String ACCESS_TOKEN_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
private static final String UPLOAD_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=TYPE";
private static final String CREATE_MENU_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";
private static final String QUERY_MENU_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/get?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";
private static final String DELETE_MENU_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/delete?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";
/**
* get请求
* @param url
* @return
* @throws ParseException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static JSONObject doGetStr(String url) throws ParseException, IOException{
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
if(entity != null){
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
}
return jsonObject;
}
/**
* POST请求
* @param url
* @param outStr
* @return
* @throws ParseException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static JSONObject doPostStr(String url,String outStr) throws ParseException, IOException{
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
httpost.setEntity(new StringEntity(outStr,"UTF-8"));
HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpost);
String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
return jsonObject;
}
/**
* 文件上传
* @param filePath
* @param accessToken
* @param type
* @return
* @throws IOException
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
* @throws NoSuchProviderException
* @throws KeyManagementException
*/
public static String upload(String filePath, String accessToken,String type) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException, KeyManagementException {
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
throw new IOException("文件不存在");
}
String url = UPLOAD_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken).replace("TYPE",type);
URL urlObj = new URL(url);
//连接
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) urlObj.openConnection();
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
con.setDoInput(true);
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.setUseCaches(false);
//设置请求头信息
con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
con.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
//设置边界
String BOUNDARY = "----------" + System.currentTimeMillis();
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("--");
sb.append(BOUNDARY);
sb.append("\r\n");
sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\"" + file.getName() + "\"\r\n");
sb.append("Content-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n");
byte[] head = sb.toString().getBytes("utf-8");
//获得输出流
OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
//输出表头
out.write(head);
//文件正文部分
//把文件已流文件的方式 推入到url中
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
int bytes = 0;
byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024];
while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) {
out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);
}
in.close();
//结尾部分
byte[] foot = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes("utf-8");//定义最后数据分隔线
out.write(foot);
out.flush();
out.close();
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
BufferedReader reader = null;
String result = null;
try {
//定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
if (result == null) {
result = buffer.toString();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
}
JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
System.out.println(jsonObj);
String typeName = "media_id";
if(!"image".equals(type)){
typeName = type + "_media_id";
}
String mediaId = jsonObj.getString(typeName);
return mediaId;
}
/**
* 获取accessToken
* @return
* @throws ParseException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static AccessToken getAccessToken() throws ParseException, IOException{
AccessToken token = new AccessToken();
String url = ACCESS_TOKEN_URL.replace("APPID", APPID).replace("APPSECRET", APPSECRET);
JSONObject jsonObject = doGetStr(url);
if(jsonObject!=null){
token.setToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token"));
token.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInt("expires_in"));
}
return token;
}
/**
* 组装菜单
* @return
*/
public static Menu initMenu(){
Menu menu = new Menu();
ClickButton button11 = new ClickButton();
button11.setName("click菜单");
button11.setType("click");
button11.setKey("11");
ViewButton button21 = new ViewButton();
button21.setName("view菜单");
button21.setType("view");
button21.setUrl("http://www.imooc.com");
ClickButton button31 = new ClickButton();
button31.setName("扫码事件");
button31.setType("scancode_push");
button31.setKey("31");
ClickButton button32 = new ClickButton();
button32.setName("地理位置");
button32.setType("location_select");
button32.setKey("32");
Button button = new Button();
button.setName("菜单");
button.setSub_button(new Button[]{button31,button32});
menu.setButton(new Button[]{button11,button21,button});
return menu;
}
/**
* 创建菜单
* @param token
* @param menu
* @return
* @throws ParseException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static int createMenu(String token,String menu) throws ParseException, IOException{
int result = 0;
String url = CREATE_MENU_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", token);
JSONObject jsonObject = doPostStr(url, menu);
if(jsonObject != null){
result = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");
}
return result;
}
/**
* 查询菜单
* @param token
* @return
* @throws ParseException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static JSONObject queryMenu(String token) throws ParseException, IOException{
String url = QUERY_MENU_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", token);
JSONObject jsonObject = doGetStr(url);
return jsonObject;
}
/**
* 菜单删除
* @param token
* @return
* @throws ParseException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static int deleteMenu(String token) throws ParseException, IOException{
String url = DELETE_MENU_URL.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", token);
JSONObject jsonObject = doGetStr(url);
int result = 0;
if(jsonObject != null){
result = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");
}
return result;
}
}2.实体类的创建公共属性抽取出来
package com.wlw.menu;
public class Button {
private String type;
private String name;
private Button[] sub_button;
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Button[] getSub_button() {
return sub_button;
}
public void setSub_button(Button[] sub_button) {
this.sub_button = sub_button;
}
}
package com.wlw.menu;
public class ClickButton extends Button{
private String key;
public String getKey() {
return key;
}
public void setKey(String key) {
this.key = key;
}
}
package com.wlw.menu;
public class Menu {
private Button[] button;
public Button[] getButton() {
return button;
}
public void setButton(Button[] button) {
this.button = button;
}
}
package com.wlw.menu;
public class ViewButton extends Button{
private String url;
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
}测试
package test;
import com.wlw.po.AccessToken;
import com.wlw.util.WeixinUtil;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class WeixinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
AccessToken token = WeixinUtil.getAccessToken();
System.out.println(token.getToken()+"getToken");
/*创建菜单*/
String menu=JSONObject.fromObject(WeixinUtil.initMenu()).toString();
System.out.println(menu);
int result = WeixinUtil.createMenu(token.getToken(), menu);
if (result == 0) {
System.out.println("创建菜单成功！");
}else {
System.out.println("创建菜单错误！");
}
System.out.println(result);
/**
* 查询菜单
*//*
JSONObject jsonObject=WeixinUtil.queryMenu(token.getToken());
System.out.println(jsonObject);*/
/**
* 删除菜单
*//*
int result=WeixinUtil.deleteMenu(token.getToken());
if(result==0) {
System.out.println("删除成功!");
}else {
System.out.println(result);
}*/
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}11_eh9k9Y5XzqbuIzYhT1aOxL3YBpccanTNT9DJDwGlbseCs3dhg7u6ZdInDbDa_ObLHpUhFpGvS_3-CjfYKz_0dOxIhrCasR_yCrAeW8ahtG-SJPZYjIC-UWLdEuWr1LMMHAn_VRSW84BdFR7LLOMhABAWZXgetToken
{"button":[{"key":"11","name":"click菜单","sub_button":[],"type":"click"},{"name":"view菜单","sub_button":[],"type":"view","url":"http://www.imooc.com"},{"name":"菜单","sub_button":[{"key":"31","name":"扫码事件","sub_button":[],"type":"scancode_push"},{"key":"32","name":"地理位置","sub_button":[],"type":"location_select"}],"type":""}]}
创建菜单成功！
0总结:创建菜单和删除菜单需要先取消公众号关注，再关注公众号查看即可。
我也是最近才研究微信公众号，有疑问留言，互相学习。