spring boot + Redis实现消息队列-生产消费者
实现思路：
Redis本身提供了一个发布/订阅模式，但生产消费者模式需要我们自己去实现。
- 利用Redis中的队列，将新消息放入名称为xx的队列末尾，完成消息生产者。
- 启动一个线程，使用
brpop命令循环从xx队列取第一个元素，获得消息，调用注册的消费者执行业务逻辑。
redis 集成：
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-data-redis
配置RedisTemplate
/**
* redis配置
*
*/
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
/**
* retemplate相关配置
* @param factory
* @return
*/
@Bean
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
RedisTemplate template = new RedisTemplate<>();
// 配置连接工厂
template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
//使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值（默认使用JDK的序列化方式）
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jacksonSeial = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
// 指定要序列化的域，field,get和set,以及修饰符范围，ANY是都有包括private和public
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
// 指定序列化输入的类型，类必须是非final修饰的，final修饰的类，比如String,Integer等会跑出异常
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jacksonSeial.setObjectMapper(om);
// 值采用json序列化
template.setValueSerializer(jacksonSeial);
//使用StringRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的key值
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
// 设置hash key 和value序列化模式
template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashValueSerializer(jacksonSeial);
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
/**
* 对hash类型的数据操作
*
* @param redisTemplate
* @return
*/
@Bean
public HashOperations hashOperations(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash();
}
/**
* 对redis字符串类型数据操作
*
* @param redisTemplate
* @return
*/
@Bean
public ValueOperations valueOperations(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
return redisTemplate.opsForValue();
}
/**
* 对链表类型的数据操作
*
* @param redisTemplate
* @return
*/
@Bean
public ListOperations listOperations(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
return redisTemplate.opsForList();
}
/**
* 对无序集合类型的数据操作
*
* @param redisTemplate
* @return
*/
@Bean
public SetOperations setOperations(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet();
}
/**
* 对有序集合类型的数据操作
*
* @param redisTemplate
* @return
*/
@Bean
public ZSetOperations zSetOperations(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
return redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
}
/**
* redis消息监听器容器
* 可以添加多个监听不同话题的redis监听器，只需要把消息监听器和相应的消息订阅处理器绑定，该消息监听器
* 通过反射技术调用消息订阅处理器的相关方法进行一些业务处理
* @param connectionFactory
* @return
*/
@Bean
RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
MessageListenerAdapter webMessage) {
RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
//订阅了一个叫chat的通道
container.addMessageListener(webMessage, new PatternTopic("webMessage"));
return container;
}
@Bean
MessageListenerAdapter webMessage(MessageReceiver messageReceiver) {
//给messageListenerAdapter 传入一个消息接受的处理器，利用反射的方法调用“receiveMessage”
//不填defaultListenerMethod默认调用handleMessage
return new MessageListenerAdapter(messageReceiver, "receiveMessage");
}
/**
* 配置redis消息队列消费者容器
*
* @param redisTemplate redis
* @return 消费者容器
*/
@Autowired
NormalMessageReceiver normalMessageReceiver;
@Bean(initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "destroy")
public RedisMqConsumerContainer redisMqConsumerContainer(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
RedisMqConsumerContainer config = new RedisMqConsumerContainer(redisTemplate);
config.addConsumer(QueueConfiguration.builder()
.queue("normalMessage")
.consumer(normalMessageReceiver)
.build());
return config;
} 消息-生产者
public class QueueSender {
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
public QueueSender(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
public void sendMsg(String queue, Object msg) {
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush(queue, msg);
}
} 消息-消费者
消费接口类
public interface MsgConsumer {
void onMessage(Object message);
void onError(Object msg, Exception e);
}消息监听类
class QueueListener implements Runnable {
public static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QueueListener.class);
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
private String queue;
private MsgConsumer consumer;
public QueueListener(RedisTemplate redisTemplate, String queue, MsgConsumer consumer) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
this.queue = queue;
this.consumer = consumer;
}
@Override
public void run() {
log.info("QueueListener start...queue:{}", queue);
while (RedisMqConsumerContainer.run) {
try {
Object msg = redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPop(queue, 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
if (msg != null) {
try {
consumer.onMessage(msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
consumer.onError(msg, e);
}
}
} catch (QueryTimeoutException ignored) {
} catch (Exception e) {
if (RedisMqConsumerContainer.run) {
log.error("Queue:{}", queue, e);
} else {
log.info("QueueListener exits...queue:{}", queue);
}
}
}
}
} 消息-消费者容器
配置类
public class QueueConfiguration {
/**
* 队列名称
*/
private String queue;
/**
* 消费者
*/
private MsgConsumer consumer;
private QueueConfiguration() {
}
public static Builder builder() {
return new Builder();
}
String getQueue() {
return queue;
}
MsgConsumer getConsumer() {
return consumer;
}
public static class Builder {
private QueueConfiguration configuration = new QueueConfiguration();
public QueueConfiguration defaultConfiguration(MsgConsumer consumer) {
configuration.consumer = consumer;
configuration.queue = consumer.getClass().getSimpleName();
return configuration;
}
public Builder queue(String queue) {
configuration.queue = queue;
return this;
}
public Builder consumer(MsgConsumer consumer) {
configuration.consumer = consumer;
return this;
}
public QueueConfiguration build() {
if (configuration.queue == null || configuration.queue.length() == 0) {
if (configuration.consumer != null) {
configuration.queue = configuration.getClass().getSimpleName();
}
}
return configuration;
}
}
}消息--消费者容器
public class RedisMqConsumerContainer {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisMqConsumerContainer.class);
private Map consumerMap = new HashMap<>();
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
static boolean run;
private ExecutorService exec;
public RedisMqConsumerContainer(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
}
public void addConsumer(QueueConfiguration configuration) {
if (consumerMap.containsKey(configuration.getQueue())) {
log.warn("Key:{} this key already exists, and it will be replaced", configuration.getQueue());
}
if (configuration.getConsumer() == null) {
log.warn("Key:{} consumer cannot be null, this configuration will be skipped", configuration.getQueue());
}
consumerMap.put(configuration.getQueue(), configuration);
}
public void destroy() {
run = false;
this.exec.shutdown();
log.info("QueueListener exiting.");
while (!this.exec.isTerminated()) {
}
log.info("QueueListener exited.");
}
public void init() {
run = true;
this.exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(r -> {
final AtomicInteger threadNumber = new AtomicInteger(1);
return new Thread(r, "RedisMQListener-" + threadNumber.getAndIncrement());
});
consumerMap = Collections.unmodifiableMap(consumerMap);
consumerMap.forEach((k, v) -> exec.submit(new QueueListener(redisTemplate, v.getQueue(), v.getConsumer())));
}
} 配置消费者
public class NormalMessageReceiver implements MsgConsumer {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestListener.class);
@Override
public void onMessage(Object message) {
log.info("收到消息:" + message);
}
@Override
public void onError(Object msg, Exception e) {
log.error("发生错误,消息:{}", msg, e);
}
}测试代码如下：
//开启定时器功能
@EnableScheduling
@Component
public class MessageSender {
@Autowired
private QueueSender queueSender;
@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)
public void sendMessageXXX() {
//stringRedisTemplate.convertAndSend("chat1", String.valueOf(Math.random()));
//producer.publishMessageXXX("队列消息1xxxxx"+System.currentTimeMillis());
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
queueSender.sendMsg("TEST0","hello quit~~~~,序号:"+i);
queueSender.sendMsg("TEST1","hello quit~~~~,序号:"+i);
queueSender.sendMsg("TEST2","hello quit~~~~,序号:"+i);
}
}
}上述代码，有些来源与网络，在下只是在这里做个记忆。我进行删除操作。
redis 作为消息中间件只是在小系统中可以稍微用一下，如果对系统要求高的请使用真正的消息中间件。RabbitMQ和RocketMQ