利用MFC读取Excel文件

主要参考的文章是:

http://blog.csdn.net/aristolto/article/details/7690032

C++使用VS2010导出/导入Excel的方法及步骤  

 最近工作需要将listctrl中的数据导出到Excel中。网上找了很多,但多数是VC6.0的。结合VC6.0导出的方法,自己琢磨了不少时间,终于将问题解决了。轻松之余,将过程分享出来,希望对需要的人有所帮助。 

 VC6.0的请看这里:http://topic.csdn.net/t/20050718/15/4151984.html

 一、设置

环境:

Windows7

Microsoft Visual Studio 2010

Microsoft Office Excel 2003

 说明:用的公司的电脑,操作系统和软件都是正版的。

 

1、新建C++工程

新建自己的C++工程。

2、添加Excel类库

在工程名上右键,选择Add---Class,选择MFC Class From TypeLib,如图:

 

 

然后添加如图的几个类。


 

3、修改头文件

进入刚添加进来的几个类头文件中将#import开头的这句注掉

 


 

 

4、修改提示的错误

将修改过的工程编译一下,出现如下错误:

 

双击提示,在DialogBox()前加下划线,如图:

 

  

5、添加头文件

在使用导出功能的文件中添加头文件:


6、使用Excel类库提供的函数将需要导出的数据导出为.xls文件

经过以上几步,现在可以使用Excel类库提供的函数导出数据了。

 

与网上许多文章相对比一下,导出流程一样。只不过类库函数有所改变。函数名由Get改为get_,Set改为put_。

 

 二、导出

附录一:       导出Excel格式的简单流程

CFileDialog dlg(FALSE,_T("(*.xls)"),NULL,OFN_HIDEREADONLY |OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT, 
_T("(*.xls)|*.xls||"),NULL);


if (dlg.DoModal() == IDOK)
{
//获取路径
CString strFileName=dlg.GetPathName();

         COleVariant

              covTrue((short)TRUE),

              covFalse((short)FALSE),

              covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,   VT_ERROR);

 

       CApplication0 app;

       CWorkbook0 book;

       CWorkbooks0 books;

       CWorksheet0 sheet;

       CWorksheets0 sheets;

       CRange0 range;

       CFont1 font;

       if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application")))

       {

              MessageBox(_T("Error!"));

       }

 

       books = app.get_Workbooks();

       book = books.Add(covOptional);

 

       sheets = book.get_Worksheets();

       sheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));

       range   =   sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),COleVariant(_T("A1")));

       range.put_Value2(COleVariant(_T("hanhan")));

 

       book.SaveCopyAs(COleVariant(strFileName));

       book.put_Saved(true);

       book.ReleaseDispatch();  

       books.ReleaseDispatch();  

       app.Quit();

       app.ReleaseDispatch();

}

 

附录二:将ListCtrl中的数据导出为Excel格式

       CString strFile = _T("E:\\Test.xls");

         COleVariant

                   covTrue((short)TRUE),

                   covFalse((short)FALSE),

                   covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,   VT_ERROR);

         CApplication   app;

         CWorkbooks   books;

         CWorkbook   book;

         CWorksheets   sheets;

         CWorksheet   sheet;

         CRange   range;

         CFont0   font;

 

         if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application")))

         {

                   MessageBox(_T("创建失败!"));

                   return;

         }

 

         //Get   a   new   workbook.

         books = app.get_Workbooks();

         book = books.Add(covOptional);

 

         sheets = book.get_Worksheets();

         sheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));

 

         CListCtrl控件report风格//

         CHeaderCtrl   *pmyHeaderCtrl;

         pmyHeaderCtrl = m_clcData.GetHeaderCtrl();//此句取得CListCtrl控件的列表頭

 

         int   iRow,iCol;

         int   m_cols   =   pmyHeaderCtrl-> GetItemCount();

         int   m_rows = m_clcData.GetItemCount();

         HDITEM   hdi;

         TCHAR     lpBuffer[256];

         bool       fFound   =   false;

 

         hdi.mask   =   HDI_TEXT;

         hdi.pszText   =   lpBuffer;

         hdi.cchTextMax   =   256;

         CString   colname;

         CString strTemp;

         for(iCol=0;   iCol

         {

                   GetCellName(1 ,iCol + 1, colname);

                   range   =   sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(colname),COleVariant(colname));

                   pmyHeaderCtrl-> GetItem(iCol,   &hdi);

                   range.put_Value2(COleVariant(hdi.pszText));

                   int   nWidth   =   m_clcData.GetColumnWidth(iCol)/6;

                   //得到第iCol+1列  

                   range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Item(_variant_t((long)(iCol+1)),vtMissing).pdispVal,true);  

                   //设置列宽 

                   range.put_ColumnWidth(_variant_t((long)nWidth));

         }

         range   =   sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A1 ")),   COleVariant(colname));

         range.put_RowHeight(_variant_t((long)50));//设置行的高度

         font = range.get_Font();

         font.put_Bold(covTrue);

         range.put_VerticalAlignment(COleVariant((short)-4108));//xlVAlignCenter   =   -4108

 

         COleSafeArray   saRet;

         DWORD   numElements[]={m_rows,m_cols};       //5x2   element   array

         saRet.Create(VT_BSTR,   2,   numElements);

         range   =   sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A2 ")),covOptional);

         range = range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)m_rows),COleVariant((short)m_cols));

         long   index[2];

         range   =   sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A2 ")),covOptional);

         range   =   range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)m_rows),COleVariant((short)m_cols));

         for   (   iRow   =   1;   iRow   <=   m_rows;   iRow++)//将列表内容写入EXCEL

         {

                   for   (   iCol   =   1;   iCol   <=   m_cols;   iCol++)  

                   {

                            index[0]=iRow-1;

                            index[1]=iCol-1;

                            CString   szTemp;

                            szTemp=m_clcData.GetItemText(iRow-1,iCol-1);

                            BSTR   bstr   =   szTemp.AllocSysString();

                            saRet.PutElement(index,bstr);

                            SysFreeString(bstr);

                   }

         }

 

         range.put_Value2(COleVariant(saRet));

 

//       Cnterior cellinterior;

//       range   =   sheet.get_Range(COleVariant( _T("A1 ")),covOptional);

//       range   =   range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)1),COleVariant((short)m_cols));

//       books = range.get_Interior();

//       cellinterior.AttachDispatch(books);

//       cellinterior.put_ColorIndex(COleVariant((short)37));//设置EXCEL头一行的背景颜色

//       for(   iRow=1;   iRow   <=   m_rows;   iRow++)//设置EXCEL其余的背景颜色(颜色交替变换)

//       {

//                 int   state=iRow%2;

//                 CString   index;

//                 index.Format( _T("A%d "),iRow+1);

//                 range   =   sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(index),covOptional);

//                 range   =   range.get_Resize(COleVariant((short)1),COleVariant((short)m_cols));

//                 books=range.get_Interior();

//                 cellinterior.AttachDispatch(books);

//                 if(!state)

//                          cellinterior.put_ColorIndex(COleVariant((short)36));

//                 else

//                          cellinterior.put_ColorIndex(COleVariant((short)24));

//       }

 

         saRet.Detach();

//

 

         book.SaveCopyAs(COleVariant(strFile));

//       cellinterior.ReleaseDispatch();

         book.put_Saved(true);

         book.ReleaseDispatch();  

         books.ReleaseDispatch();  

         app.Quit();

         app.ReleaseDispatch();

 

由于不需要,Excel单元格样式及颜色等属性设置没有做,有兴趣的可以自己去试试。代码中设置的有错。

 

自己写的一个获取单元头的函数:

void   GetCellName(int nRow, int nCol, CString &strName)

{

         int nSeed = nCol;

         CString strRow;

         char cCell = 'A' + nCol - 1;

 

         strName.Format(_T("%c"), cCell);

 

         strRow.Format(_T( "%d "), nRow);

         strName += strRow;

}



三、导入

HRESULT hr; 
hr = CoInitialize(NULL); 
if(FAILED(hr)) 

AfxMessageBox(_T("Failed to call Coinitialize()" )); 
}



CFileDialog  filedlg(TRUE,L"*.xls",NULL,OFN_HIDEREADONLY|OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT,L"Xls文件 (*.xls)|*.xls");  
filedlg.m_ofn.lpstrTitle=L"打开文件";
CString strFilePath;
if (IDOK==filedlg.DoModal())
{
strFilePath=filedlg.GetPathName();

else
{
return;
}


//
CApplication app;
CWorkbook book;
CWorkbooks books;
CWorksheet sheet;
CWorksheets sheets;
CRange range;
LPDISPATCH lpDisp;
//定义变量
COleVariant covOptional((long)
DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,VT_ERROR);
if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"),NULL))
{
this->MessageBox(_T("无法创建Excel应用"));
return;
}
books = app.get_Workbooks();
//打开Excel,其中pathname为Excel表的路径名
lpDisp = books.Open(strFilePath,covOptional
,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional
,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional
,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional
,covOptional);
book.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
sheets = book.get_Worksheets();
sheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)1));


//app.put_Visible(TRUE); //表格可见
//app.put_UserControl(FALSE); 


获得坐标为(A,1)的单元格
/*range = sheet.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1"))
,COleVariant(_T("A1")));*/
获得单元格的内容
//COleVariant rValue;rValue = 
// COleVariant(range.get_Value2());
转换成宽字符
//rValue.ChangeType(VT_BSTR);
转换格式,并输出
//this->MessageBox(CString(rValue.bstrVal));


/*读取Excel表中的多个单元格的值,在listctrl中显示*/


COleVariant vResult;
//读取已经使用区域的信息,包括已经使用的行数、列数、起始行、起始列
range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_UsedRange());
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Rows());
//取得已经使用的行数
long iRowNum = range.get_Count();         
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Columns());
//取得已经使用的列数
long iColNum = range.get_Count();         
//取得已使用区域的起始行,从1开始
long iStartRow = range.get_Row();
//取得已使用区域的起始列,从1开始
long iStartCol = range.get_Column();


for(int i=iStartRow;i<=iRowNum;i++)
{
/*CString strRowName = _T("");
strRowName.Format(_T("%d"), i);
m_ListCtrl.InsertItem(i-1, strRowName);*/
for(int j=iStartCol;j<=iColNum;j++)
{
//读取单元格的值
range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_Cells());
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Item(COleVariant((long)i),
COleVariant((long)j)).pdispVal);
vResult = range.get_Value2();
CString str,stry,strm,strd;
SYSTEMTIME st;
if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR)     //若是字符串
{
str = vResult.bstrVal;
}
else if (vResult.vt == VT_R8) //8字节的数字
{
str.Format(L"%f",vResult.dblVal);
}
else if(vResult.vt == VT_DATE) //时间格式
{
VariantTimeToSystemTime(vResult.date, &st);
stry.Format(L"%d",st.wYear);
strm.Format(L"%d",st.wMonth);
strd.Format(L"%d",st.wDay);
str = stry+L"-"+strm+L"-"+strd;
}
else if(vResult.vt == VT_EMPTY) //单元为空
{
str=L"";
}
else if (vResult.vt ==VT_I4)
{
str.Format(_T("%ld"), (int)vResult.lVal);
}


// m_ListCtrl.SetItemText(i-1, j, str);
}
}

/*释放资源*/
range.ReleaseDispatch();
sheet.ReleaseDispatch();
sheets.ReleaseDispatch();
book.ReleaseDispatch();
books.ReleaseDispatch();
app.Quit();
app.ReleaseDispatch();

//但是需要注意的是:

释放资源的时候用了的东西才要释放,不用的是不用释放的。

在读取excel表的工具中,读取一个Excel文件的代码如下:

void CReadExcelFileDlg::ReadUnitData(CString unitDataPath)
{
CApplication app;
CWorkbook book;
CWorkbooks books;
CWorksheet sheet;
CWorksheets sheets;
CRange range;
LPDISPATCH lpDisp;
//定义变量
COleVariant covOptional((long)
DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,VT_ERROR);
if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"),NULL))
{
this->MessageBox(_T("无法创建Excel应用"));
return;
}
books = app.get_Workbooks();
//打开Excel,其中pathname为Excel表的路径名
lpDisp = books.Open(unitDataPath,covOptional
,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional
,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional
,covOptional,covOptional,covOptional
,covOptional);
book.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
sheets = book.get_Worksheets();
int sheetNumber = sheets.get_Count();


for(int i = 1; i <= sheetNumber; i++)
{
sheet = sheets.get_Item(COleVariant((short)i));
if(sheet.get_Name() == (CString)"入力用テーブル")
{
break;
}
}


COleVariant vResult;
//读取已经使用区域的信息,包括已经使用的行数、列数、起始行、起始列
range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_UsedRange());
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Rows());
//取得已经使用的行数
long iRowNum = range.get_Count();         
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Columns());
//取得已经使用的列数
long iColNum = range.get_Count();         
//取得已使用区域的起始行,从1开始
long iStartRow = range.get_Row();
//取得已使用区域的起始列,从1开始
long iStartCol = range.get_Column();


int colStarID = -1;//*ID所在的列
int colCutin = -1;//wave_id所在的列


for(int i=2;i<=iRowNum;i++)
{
for(int j=iStartCol;j<=iColNum;j++)
{
//读取单元格的值
range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_Cells());
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Item(COleVariant((long)i),
COleVariant((long)j)).pdispVal);
vResult = range.get_Value2();
CString str = TranslateCOleVariantToString(vResult);
if(str == "*ID")
{
colStarID = j;
}
if(str == "gra_id")
{
colCutin = j;
}
if(colCutin > -1 && colStarID > -1)
{
break;
}
}
if(colCutin > -1 && colStarID > -1)
{
break;
}
}


for(int i=iStartRow;i<=iRowNum;i++)
{
range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_Cells());
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Item(COleVariant((long)i),
COleVariant((long)colStarID)).pdispVal);
vResult = range.get_Value2();
CString strStarID = TranslateCOleVariantToString(vResult);


range.AttachDispatch(sheet.get_Cells());
range.AttachDispatch(range.get_Item(COleVariant((long)i),
COleVariant((long)colCutin)).pdispVal);
vResult = range.get_Value2();
CString strCutin = TranslateCOleVariantToString(vResult);


UnitDataElement elem;
elem.m_ID = strStarID;
elem.m_GrapID = strCutin;
if (elem.UsefulDataToPush())
{
vecUnitData.push_back(elem);
}else
{
int i = 0;
int j = i + 100;
}
}


/*释放资源*/
book.DetachDispatch();
books.Close();
app.ReleaseDispatch();
app.DetachDispatch();
app.Quit();
}

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