自定义PreferenceActivity和PreferenceFragment的样式

感谢：http://blog.csdn.net/luck_apple/article/details/7064004

这篇文章讲的是如何定义fragment的样式，基本布局都是从源码中弄过来的。通过设置布局文件的属性，让我们可以自定义preference的界面。

先来看看xml文件中的内容

<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >



    <PreferenceCategory

        android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget"

        android:title="第一个模块的标题" >



        <!-- 设置单选模块 -->

        <CheckBoxPreference

            android:icon="@drawable/appstore"

            android:key="checkbox_preference"

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:summary="整个布局都是自定义的，包括图标、文字、点击效果和单选按钮"

            android:title="标题"

            android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget" />



        <MultiSelectListPreference

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:entries="@array/floatColor"

            android:entryValues="@array/floatColor_value"

            android:key="multSelect_preference"

            android:summary="点击可以选择多个选项"

            android:title="多选列表" />



        <RingtonePreference

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:key="ringtone_preference"

            android:summary="点击选择铃声"

            android:title="铃声选择列表" />



        <SwitchPreference

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:key="switch_preference"

            android:summaryOff="已关闭"

            android:summaryOn="已开启"

            android:switchTextOff="close"

            android:switchTextOn="open"

            android:title="开关" />

    </PreferenceCategory>

    <PreferenceCategory

        android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget"

        android:title="第二个模块的标题" >



        <!-- 设置输入框模块 -->

        <EditTextPreference

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:dialogIcon="@drawable/itunes"

            android:dialogTitle="dialog_title_edittext_preference"

            android:key="edittext_preference"

            android:negativeButtonText="cancel"

            android:positiveButtonText="ok"

            android:title="文本输入" />



        <!-- 选择列表模块 -->

        <ListPreference

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:dialogTitle="dialog_title_list_preference"

            android:entries="@array/floatColor"

            android:entryValues="@array/floatColor_value"

            android:key="list_preference"

            android:summary="点击后会弹出一个单选列表来选择数据"

            android:title="列表选择框" />

    </PreferenceCategory>



    <!-- 点击后又启动一个fragment -->

    <PreferenceCategory

        android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget">



        <!--

             This PreferenceScreen tag sends the user to a new fragment of

             preferences.  If running in a large screen, they can be embedded

             inside of the overall preferences UI.



        -->

        <PreferenceScreen

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:fragment="com.kale.shared.MainActivity$Prefs1FragmentInner"

            android:summary="点击后跳到另一个fragment_preference"

            android:title="另一个fragment_preference" >



            <!-- Arbitrary key/value pairs can be included for fragment arguments -->

            <extra

                android:name="someKey"

                android:value="somePrefValue" />

        </PreferenceScreen>



        <!--

             This PreferenceScreen tag sends the user to a completely different

             activity, switching out of the current preferences UI.



        -->

        <PreferenceScreen

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

            android:summary="点击后跳转到 http://www.android.com"

            android:title="点击触发intent动作" >

            <intent

                android:action="android.intent.action.VIEW"

                android:data="http://www.android.com" />

        </PreferenceScreen>

    </PreferenceCategory>

    <PreferenceCategory

        android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget"

        android:title="第四个模块的标题" >

        <CheckBoxPreference

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

            android:key="parent_checkbox_preference"

            android:summary="点击后才可以让子控件可操作"

            android:title="父选择控件"

            android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget" />



        <!-- The visual style of a child is defined by this styled theme attribute. -->

        <!-- 子控件关联父控件，如果父控件选中后子控件才可用 -->

        <!--  android:layout="?android:attr/preferenceLayoutChild" -->

        <CheckBoxPreference

            android:dependency="parent_checkbox_preference"

            android:icon="@drawable/calculator"

            android:key="child_checkbox_preference"

            android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

            android:title="子控件（依托于父控件）"

            android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget" />

    </PreferenceCategory>



</PreferenceScreen>

 

这里面和传统的内容设置都是一样的，但是我通过

 

android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget"

 

android:layout="@layout/preference_item"

android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget" 

这三个属性，让我们可以通过布局文件来定义视图

需要注意的是：这里面的id都是系统的，所以我们可以直接在原始的xml文件中设置属性，这对于我们之前的操作无影响。只是换了布局而已。
prefs_category_widget

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

    android:layout_height="wrap_content"

    android:background="#ededed"

    android:orientation="vertical" >



    <!-- 这个id需要注意，要引用安卓源码中的 -->

    <ImageView

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="1dp"

        android:src="#dadada" />



    <ImageView

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="1dp"

        android:layout_marginBottom="13dp"

        android:src="#e2e2e2" />



    <TextView

        android:id="@android:id/title"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:paddingLeft="6dp"

        android:layout_marginBottom="2dp"

        android:textColor="#939393"

        android:textSize="14sp" />



    <ImageView

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="1dp"

        android:src="#e9e9e9" />



</LinearLayout>

 

preference_item

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="wrap_content"

    android:background="@drawable/selector_item"

    android:gravity="center_vertical"

    android:minHeight="?android:listPreferredItemHeight"

    android:orientation="horizontal" >



    <ImageView

        android:id="@android:id/icon"

        android:layout_width="40dp"

        android:layout_height="40dp"

        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

        android:layout_marginLeft="3dp"

        android:scaleType="fitStart"

        android:src="@drawable/appstore" />



    <RelativeLayout

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_marginBottom="4dp"

        android:layout_marginTop="4dp" >



        <TextView

            android:id="@android:id/title"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_centerVertical="true"

            android:ellipsize="marquee"

            android:fadingEdge="horizontal"

            android:singleLine="true"

            android:text="title"

            android:textColor="#4d4d4d"

            android:textSize="18.0sp" />



        <TextView

            android:id="@android:id/summary"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_centerVertical="true"

            android:layout_marginLeft="15dp"

            android:layout_toRightOf="@android:id/title"

            android:layout_toLeftOf="@android:id/widget_frame"

            android:maxLines="2"

            android:text="summary"

            android:textColor="#AAAAAA"

            android:textSize="14sp" />



        <LinearLayout

            android:id="@android:id/widget_frame"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

            android:layout_marginLeft="4dp"

            android:layout_centerVertical="true"

            android:gravity="center_vertical"

            android:orientation="vertical" >

        </LinearLayout>

    </RelativeLayout>



</LinearLayout>

checkbox_preference_widget

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- 这里放上系统的id -->

<CheckBox xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:id="@android:id/checkbox"

    android:layout_width="wrap_content"

    android:layout_height="wrap_content"

    android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"

    android:button="@drawable/selector_checkbox"

    android:clickable="false"

    android:focusable="false" 

我的主代码用的是android推荐的activity和fragment结合的方式来实现的

package com.kale.shared;



import java.util.List;



import android.content.SharedPreferences;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.preference.PreferenceActivity;

import android.preference.PreferenceFragment;

import android.preference.PreferenceManager;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;



public class MainActivity extends PreferenceActivity {



    SharedPreferences sp;

    SharedPreferences.Editor editor;

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        //设置背景图，给activity设置后。所有fragment的背景都会改了，十分方便！

        getWindow().setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.bgColor));

        //setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 这里就不能设置布局了

        

        sp = getSharedPreferences("kaleShared", MODE_PRIVATE);

        editor = sp.edit();

        editor.putString("KEY", "value");

        editor.commit();

        

        if (sp.contains("KEY")) {

            System.out.println("have a key");

        }



        ;

    }

    /**

     * Populate the activity with the top-level headers.

     */

    @Override

    public void onBuildHeaders(List<Header> target) {

        //下面我们从源码的角度来自己搭建整个布局，所以我们设置布局。整个布局里面用一个list，id是默认的@android:id/list

        setContentView(R.layout.preference_hearders_frame);

        loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.preference_headers, target);

    }

    

    public static class Prefs0Fragment extends PreferenceFragment {

        @Override

        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

            // Load the preferences from an XML resource

            addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.customer_preferences);

        }

        

        @Override

        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,

                Bundle savedInstanceState) {

            View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.preference_hearders_frame, container, false);

            return v;

        }

    }

    

    /**

     * This fragment shows the preferences for the first header.

     */

    public static class Prefs1Fragment extends PreferenceFragment {

        @Override

        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

            



            // Make sure default values are applied.  In a real app, you would

            // want this in a shared function that is used to retrieve the

            // SharedPreferences wherever they are needed.

            PreferenceManager.setDefaultValues(getActivity(),R.xml.fx_setting, false);



            // Load the preferences from an XML resource

            addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.fragmented_preferences);

        }

    }



   /**

     * This fragment contains a second-level set of preference that you

     * can get to by tapping an item in the first preferences fragment.

     */

    /**

     * @author:Jack Tony

     * @tips  :在第一个fragment中点击一个PreferenceScreen中的fragment对象启动的fragment

     * @date  :2014-8-4

     */

    public static class Prefs1FragmentInner extends PreferenceFragment {

        @Override

        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);



            // Can retrieve arguments from preference XML.

            Log.i("args", "Arguments: " + getArguments());



            // Load the preferences from an XML resource

            addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.fx_setting);

        }

    }



    /**

     * This fragment shows the preferences for the second header.

     */

    public static class Prefs2Fragment extends PreferenceFragment {

        @Override

        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);



            // Can retrieve arguments from headers XML.

            Log.i("args", "Arguments: " + getArguments());



            // Load the preferences from an XML resource

            addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.display_prefs);

        }

    }

}

 

源码下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/shark0017/7717357