login_reqired()完成的事情就是:
如果用户没有登录,则重定向到settings.LOGIN_URL(这个需要你自己在settings中配置),并将当前访问的绝对路径传递到查询字符串中;
如果用户已经登录,则正常执行视图。视图的代码可以安全地假设用户已经登录。
具体详情可以参考下面网页:
https://yiyibooks.cn/xx/django_182/topics/auth/default.html
封装as_view() 的Mixin
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
class LoginRequiredMixin(object):
@classmethod
def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
view = super(LoginRequiredMixin, cls).as_view(**initkwargs)
return login_required(view)
class MyView(LoginRequiredMixin, ...):
# this is a generic view
...
使用基于类的视图处理表单
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import MyForm
def myview(request):
if request.method == "POST":
form = MyForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
#
return HttpResponseRedirect('/success/')
else:
form = MyForm(initial={'key': 'value'})
return render(request, 'form_template.html', {'form': form})
类似的一个基于类的视图看上去是这样:
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views.generic import View
from .forms import MyForm
class MyFormView(View):
form_class = MyForm
initial = {'key': 'value'}
template_name = 'form_template.html'
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
form = self.form_class(initial=self.initial)
return render(request, self.template_name, {'form': form})
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
form = self.form_class(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
#
return HttpResponseRedirect('/success/')
return render(request, self.template_name, {'form': form})
这是一个非常简单的情形,但你可以看到你将有机会自定这个视图,例如通过URLconf配置覆盖form_class 属性或者子类化并覆盖一个和多个方法。
基于类的视图的扩展不仅仅局限于使用Mixin。你还可以使用装饰器。由于基于类的视图不是函数,对它们的装饰取决于你使用as_view() 还是创建一个子类。
装饰基于类的视图的最简单的方法是装饰as_view() 方法的结果。最方便的地方是URLconf 中部署视图的位置:
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required, permission_required
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from .views import VoteView
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^about/', login_required(TemplateView.as_view(template_name="secret.html"))),
url(r'^vote/', permission_required('polls.can_vote')(VoteView.as_view())),
]
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
class ProtectedView(TemplateView):
template_name = 'secret.html'
@method_decorator(login_required)
def dispatch(self, *args, **kwargs):
return super(ProtectedView, self).dispatch(*args, **kwargs)