KFold
https://blog.csdn.net/kancy110/article/details/74910185
折交叉验证：sklearn.model_selection.KFold(n_splits=3, shuffle=False, random_state=None)
思路：将训练/测试数据集划分n_splits个互斥子集，每次用其中一个子集当作验证集，剩下的n_splits-1个作为训练集，进行n_splits次训练和测试，得到n_splits个结果
注意点：对于不能均等份的数据集，其前n_samples % n_splits子集拥有n_samples // n_splits + 1个样本，其余子集都只有n_samples // n_splits样本
参数说明：
n_splits：表示划分几等份
shuffle：在每次划分时，是否进行洗牌
①若为Falses时，其效果等同于random_state等于整数，每次划分的结果相同
②若为True时，每次划分的结果都不一样，表示经过洗牌，随机取样的
random_state：随机种子数
属性：
①get_n_splits(X=None, y=None, groups=None)：获取参数n_splits的值
②split(X, y=None, groups=None)：将数据集划分成训练集和测试集，返回索引生成器
通过一个不能均等划分的栗子，设置不同参数值，观察其结果
①设置shuffle=False，运行两次，发现两次结果相同
In [1]: from sklearn.model_selection import KFold
...: import numpy as np
...: X = np.arange(24).reshape(12,2)
...: y = np.random.choice([1,2],12,p=[0.4,0.6])
...: kf = KFold(n_splits=5,shuffle=False)
...: for train_index , test_index in kf.split(X):
...: print('train_index:%s , test_index: %s ' %(train_index,test_index))
...:
...:
train_index:[ 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11] , test_index: [0 1 2]
train_index:[ 0 1 2 6 7 8 9 10 11] , test_index: [3 4 5]
train_index:[ 0 1 2 3 4 5 8 9 10 11] , test_index: [6 7]
train_index:[ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11] , test_index: [8 9]
train_index:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9] , test_index: [10 11]
In [2]: from sklearn.model_selection import KFold
...: import numpy as np
...: X = np.arange(24).reshape(12,2)
...: y = np.random.choice([1,2],12,p=[0.4,0.6])
...: kf = KFold(n_splits=5,shuffle=False)
...: for train_index , test_index in kf.split(X):
...: print('train_index:%s , test_index: %s ' %(train_index,test_index))
...:
...:
train_index:[ 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11] , test_index: [0 1 2]
train_index:[ 0 1 2 6 7 8 9 10 11] , test_index: [3 4 5]
train_index:[ 0 1 2 3 4 5 8 9 10 11] , test_index: [6 7]
train_index:[ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11] , test_index: [8 9]
train_index:[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9] , test_index: [10 11]