mysql管理工具percona-toolkit-3简单使用介绍

安装percona-toolkit-3

# yum localinstall percona-toolkit-3.0.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm perl-TermReadKey.x86_64 0:2.30-13.el6 -y

 

1.pt-summary #显示和系统相关的基本信息：

[root@master ~]# pt-summary 
# Percona Toolkit System Summary Report ######################
Date | 2017-06-08 07:44:12 UTC (local TZ: CST +0800)
Hostname | master
Uptime | 1 day, 23:42, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
System | VMware, Inc.; VMware Virtual Platform; vNone (Other)
Service Tag | VMware-56 4d c6 90 e2 74 18 85-89 15 70 77 f4 f3 33 f8
Platform | Linux
Release | CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel | 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
Architecture | CPU = 64-bit, OS = 64-bit
Threading | NPTL 2.12
SELinux | Disabled
Virtualized | VMWare
# Processor ##################################################
Processors | physical = 2, cores = 0, virtual = 2, hyperthreading = no
Speeds | 2x2592.006
Models | 2xIntel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz
Caches | 2x6144 KB
# Memory #####################################################
Total | 1.8G
Free | 123.4M
Used | physical = 1.7G, swap allocated = 3.9G, swap used = 5.8M, virtual = 1.7G
Shared | 0.0
Buffers | 40.6M
Caches | 905.3M
Dirty | 412 kB
UsedRSS | 882.9M
Swappiness | 60
DirtyPolicy | 20, 10
DirtyStatus | 0, 0
...

 

2.pt-mysql-summary #查看mysql的各个统计信息：

[root@master ~]# pt-mysql-summary -S /data/mysql/mysql.sock --user=root --host=localhost --port=3306 --password=123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
# Percona Toolkit MySQL Summary Report #######################
System time | 2017-06-08 07:47:23 UTC (local TZ: CST +0800)
# Instances ##################################################
Port Data Directory Nice OOM Socket
===== ========================== ==== === ======
3306 /data/mysql/data 0 0 /data/mysql/mysql.sock
# MySQL Executable ###########################################
Path to executable | /usr/sbin/mysqld
Has symbols | No
# Report On Port 3306 ########################################
User | 
Time | (CST)
Hostname | master
Version | 5.7.18-15-57 Percona XtraDB Cluster (GPL), Release rel15, Revision 7693d6e, WSREP version 29.20, wsrep_29.20
Built On | Linux x86_64
Started | (up 1+05:25:54)
Databases | 5
Datadir | /data/mysql/data/
Processes | 1 connected, 1 running
Replication | Is not a slave, has 0 slaves connected
Pidfile | /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid (exists)
# Processlist ################################################

Command COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
Query 1 1 0 0
Sleep 9 0 900000 100000

User COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
root 1 1 0 0
system user 9 0 0 0

Host COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
9 0 0 0
localhost 1 1 0 0

db COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
NULL 10 1 0 0

State COUNT(*) Working SUM(Time) MAX(Time)
------------------------------ -------- ------- --------- ---------
starting 1 1 0 0
wsrep 9 0 0 0
...
# Configuration File #########################################
Config File | /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
user = mysql
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
datadir = /data/mysql/data
port = 3306
server_id = 12
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log
log_warnings = 2
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log
long_query_time = 0.1
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
wsrep_provider = /usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_address = gcomm://192.168.3.12,192.168.3.13,192.168.3.198
binlog_format = ROW
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
wsrep_slave_threads = 8
wsrep_log_conflicts
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2
wsrep_node_address = 192.168.3.12
wsrep_cluster_name = my-pxc-cluster
wsrep_node_name = pxc01
pxc_strict_mode = ENFORCING
wsrep_sst_method = xtrabackup-v2
wsrep_sst_auth = "sstuser:sstuser"
# Memory management library ##################################
jemalloc enabled in MySQL config for process with ID 28347
Using jemalloc from /usr/lib64/libjemalloc.so.1
# The End ####################################################

 

3.pt-slave-find #查找和显示指定的Master 有多少个Slave：

# pt-slave-find --host=10.10.76.96 --port=3306 --user=root --password=123456
10.10.76.96
Version 5.5.24-ucloudrel1-log
Server ID 168447072
Uptime 646+02:02:20 (started 2015-09-01T14:09:56)
Replication Is not a slave, has 0 slaves connected, is not read_only
Filters 
Binary logging MIXED
Slave status 
Slave mode STRICT
Auto-increment increment 1, offset 1
InnoDB version 1.1.8

 

4. pt-query-digest 慢日志查询：

# pt-query-digest /data/mysql/master-log.000007

 

5.pt-online-schema-change
#在线DDL操作改变表结构并且不阻塞，正常情况下在线ALTER一个表增加一个字段、一个索引的话MySQL会锁表，正常的流程如下：

①按照原始表（original_table）的表结构和DDL语句，新建一个不可见的临时表（tmp_table）
②在原表上加write lock，阻塞所有更新操作（insert、delete、update等）
③执行insert into tmp_table select * from original_table
④rename original_table和tmp_table，最后drop original_table
⑤释放 write lock

但是在线上直接操作的话会导致大量的写入阻塞，临时表可能会导致磁盘空间占满等问题，因此要使用pt-online-schema-change更新表结果的过程如下：
创建一个和原表相同表结构的表，比如table_tmp
执行表结构修改，并从原表copy数据到修改后的表
在原表上创建触发器，将copy过程中产生的数据更新到新表
copy完成，将新表rename成当前使用的表，删除旧表

使用pt-online-schema-change在线更新表，注意是在线、在线、在线更新表结构不停止业务使用的在线更新表结构：

# pt-online-schema-change --user=root --host=localhost --port=3306 --password=123456 --execute --alter "ADD COLUMN Job VARCHAR(20)" D=testdatabase,t=testtable2

 

6.修改表结构并保留原表
pt-online-schema-change, test111库的tbl_app_table新增app_status字段默认为0

[root@test7_chat_api_im ~]# pt-online-schema-change --host=10.10.191.89 --user=root --password=123456 --port=3306 --no-drop-old-table --execute --alter "add column app_status char(1) default 0" D=test111,t=tbl_app_table

No slaves found. See --recursion-method if host qas01 has slaves.
Not checking slave lag because no slaves were found and --check-slave-lag was not specified.
Operation, tries, wait:
analyze_table, 10, 1
copy_rows, 10, 0.25
create_triggers, 10, 1
drop_triggers, 10, 1
swap_tables, 10, 1
update_foreign_keys, 10, 1
Altering `test111`.`tbl_app_table`...
Creating new table...
Created new table test111._tbl_app_table_new OK.
Altering new table...
Altered `test111`.`_tbl_app_table_new` OK.
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Creating triggers...
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Created triggers OK.
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Copying approximately 847 rows...
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Copied rows OK.
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Analyzing new table...
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Swapping tables...
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Swapped original and new tables OK.
Not dropping old table because --no-drop-old-table was specified.
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Dropping triggers...
2017-06-08T17:31:51 Dropped triggers OK.
Successfully altered `test111`.`tbl_app_table`.