Oracle12c修改端口号
Oracle12c数据库更改端口号
修改端口号的整体步骤
1.1、查看当前监听的状态
1.2、停止监听
1.3、修改监听文件的端口号
1.4、修改初始化参数local_listener
1.5、重启监听器
1.6、修改完毕，使用新端口登录测试
实践步骤：
1、查看当前监听的状态
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 21-DEC-2016 17:34:54
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 20-DEC-2016 22:26:52
Uptime 0 days 19 hr. 8 min. 1 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/12.1.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/qywsxxdb/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "qyws_jkda" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_qyrk" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_tjzb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_xnh" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_yzxt" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qywsxxdb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qywsxxdbXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qywsxxdb_pdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
2、停止监听
[oracle@localhost admin]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 21-DEC-2016 17:56:15
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
3、修改监听文件的端口号
监听文件位置：$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/通过系统自带vi工具将listener.ora和tnsname.ora文件中port参数的值由1521改成1522，存盘即可。或者通过netca实用程序配置更改监听端口。
4、启动监听程序
[oracle@localhost admin]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 21-DEC-2016 17:56:20
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/12.1.0/db/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/12.1.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 21-DEC-2016 17:56:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/12.1.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1522)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
5、修改初始化参数local_listener参数
此处将4和5步骤调换，就是为了通过测试，说明为什么要修改local_listener参数，首先，在不修改该参数的情况，我们注册数据库到监听程序。
[oracle@localhost admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Dec 21 17:56:25 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter local_li
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
local_listener string
SQL> alter system register;
System altered.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@localhost admin]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 21-DEC-2016 17:56:36
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 21-DEC-2016 17:56:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 15 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/12.1.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1522)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
通过手动注册数据库，可以看到数据库并未注册到监听程序，此时的local_listener为默认值，默认情况下会注册默认监听程序。接下来我们修改local_listener参数的值，看看修改后的效果。
SQL> alter system set local_listener="(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 192.168.227.11)(port = 1522))" scope=both;
System altered.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> show parameter local_li
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
local_listener string (address = (protocol = tcp)(ho
st = 192.168.227.11)(port = 15
22))
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 21-DEC-2016 18:02:09
Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 21-DEC-2016 17:56:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 5 min. 49 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/12.1.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1522)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/qywsxxdb/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "qyws_jkda" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_qyrk" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_tjzb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_xnh" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qyws_yzxt" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qywsxxdb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qywsxxdbXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "qywsxxdb_pdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "qywsxxdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
可以看到监听程序很快就会自动注册可以识别到的数据库实例。
那么为什么在这里要修改local_listener参数的值呢，默认情况下该参数为空值，依然可以动态将数据库实例自动注册监听呢？首先，我们得知道是pmon进程在实时动态注册数据库的，一般在默认情况下，pmon只会动态注册port等于1521的监听，否则pmon不能动态注册listener，如果想让pmon动态注册listener，那么就需要设置local_listener参数。这也是为什么必须在修改端口时，必须要修改local_listener参数的原因。
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