【雷达与对抗】【2011.05】雷达系统验证与试验中GPS的使用

本文为瑞典查尔姆斯理工大学（作者：MAGNUS WENNBERG）的硕士论文，共59页。

自1994年正式启动运营以来，全球定位系统已经发展成为全球定位服务的主导力量。这是由于在GPS服务推出后的时间里，伴随着其他具有竞争力和协作系统的持续技术升级。这使得基于卫星的导航系统成为许多不同领域每天都在使用的应用程序，并可能保持持续使用。

原始GPS测量可以通过差分GPS和惯性测量GPS等不同的技术提高精度。在有利的条件下，测量精度可以提高到分米或厘米级。然而，GPS并非完全没有缺点。当然，全球基础设施带来的灵活性和全天候能力等好处是无与伦比的，尤其是在机载和其他动态应用中。

由于GPS具有良好的性能，该技术及其增强方法经常用于SAAB电子防御系统的多种产品测试和验证。在验证雷达传感器测量精度时，将GPS的位置数据作为基准；既适用于地面传感器系统，也适用于机载传感器系统。

该报告针对的是SAAB EDS的员工，为他们提供两种不同的应用目的。报告的第一部分是SAAB EDS使用的现有位置测量设备的清单，本部分以及附录中的通用GPS介绍了公司使用的位置测量程序。第二部分研究、调查并提出了一种将GPS位置数据与安装在SAAB鹰狮战斗机上的PS-05/A雷达目标数据进行比较的具体方法，该方法解决了数据同步和位置坐标不兼容的问题。

GPS has evolved as the dominating global positioning service since the official operational start-up in 1994. This is due to continuous technical upgrades accompanied by other competing and collaborating systems that have emerged during the period after launch of the GPS service. This has made and will probably continue to make satellite based navigation systems into every-day used applications in many different areas. Raw GPS measurements can be refined with different techniques such as differential GPS and GPS combined with inertial measurements. An improvement in accuracy down to decimeter or centimeter level is possible under favorable conditions. GPS is however not entirely without cons. However, the benefits such as the flexibility gained from the global infrastructure and the all-weather capacity are unmatched especially in airborne and other dynamic applications. Owing to the good properties of GPS, this technique together with enhancing methods is regularly used in several product tests and verifications at Saab Electronic Defence Systems. The position data from GPS is used as benchmark when verifying accuracy in radar sensor measurements. This applies both to ground based sensor systems as well as airborne sensor systems. The report is directed to employees at Saab EDS for whom it serves two different purposes. The first part of the report is an inventory of existing position measuring equipment used at Saab EDS. This part, together with a general GPS walk-through in appendix, is an introduction of position measurement procedures used at the company. The second part develops, investigates and suggests a specific method to compare GPS position data with target data from a PS-05/A radar unit mounted on Saab Gripen fighter aircrafts. The method takes care of issues regarding data synchronization and incompatible position coordinates.

1 引言

1.1 项目背景

1.2 项目目的

1.3 相关方法

1.4 相关方法的实现

1.5 研究范围

2 EDS的GPS清单

2.1 GPS接收机

2.2 GPS后处理方法

3 比较雷达与GPS数据的方法

3.1 鹰狮雷达测试简介

3.2 坐标系转换

3.3 数据同步

3.4 目标距离测量

3.5 不同方法的比较测试

4 结论

4.1 GPS清单

4.2 比较雷达与GPS数据的方法

5 参考文献

6 附录

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