Dynamics AX 2012之于离散制造（Discrete Manufacturing）和工艺制造（Process Manufacturing）

首先什么是离散制造业，什么是流程/工艺制造业，二者有什么区别？

离散制造业就是将不同的现成元部件及子系统装配加工成较大型系统，如电脑、汽车及工业用品制造等。主要特征为生产过程中基本没有发生物质改变，只是物料的形状和组合发生改变，即最终产品由各种物料装配而成，并且产品与所需物料之间有确定的数量比例。

流程型制造是指被加工对像不间断地通过生产设备，通过一系列的加工装置使原材料进行化学或物理变化，最终得到产品。

流程制造包括重复生产（Repetitive Manufacturing）和连续生产（Continuous Manufacturing）两种类型。重复生产又叫大批量生产，与连续生产有很多相同之处，区别仅在于生产的产品是否可分离。重复生产的产品通常可一个个分开，它是由离散制造的高度标准化后，为批量生产而形成的一种方式；连续生产的产品是连续不断地经过加工设备，一批产品通常不可分开。

Dynamics AX 2012 之于离散制造：

1. 可执行多种生产策略，如configure-to-order, assemble-to-order,make-to-order.使用推动式生产和拉动式生产管理机制。

2. 优化产品和物料计划、预算和排程。同时执行物料和产能排程。 计算ATP(available-to-promise)和CTP(capable-to-promise)交付

3. 创建、计划、查看、跟踪、分割、回滚和分类生产订单。

4.通过生产跟踪和报告提供WIP和实际成本

• Understand WIP and actual cost through production tracking and reporting. Track detailed resource and throughput costs, including work
center costs. Report production variances to standard costs.
• Manage routing: Plan simple, sequential, and complex networks; use simultaneous routes in the same network. Use rough-cut capacity and
detailed scheduling capabilities. Organize the shop floor into logical production units at individual sites.
• Quickly schedule/reschedule jobs and simulate alternatives by dragging Gantt chart items. Resolve scheduling overloads by reassigning
operations to alternate work centers. Optimize scheduling across the organization with a unified resource model and scheduling engine.

Dynamics AX 2012 To Process Manufacturing

• Define multiple inventory dimensions: dual units of measure, catch-weight calculations, packaging codes, variations to the main item,
and lots.
• Manage multilevel formulas or recipes, co-products and by-products, electronic signatures, and packaging options.
• Let customers request multiple quality specifications per product while combining similar products in production to improve
machine utilization.
• Analyze and monitor production costs and requirements for each sales order component using graphical representations of multilevel
formulas and recipes.
• Reduce inventory costs and eliminate waste by pulling inventory in optimal sequence using “best-before” management and first expired/
first out (FEFO) or first in/first out (FIFO) picking guidance.

• Facilitate regulatory compliance with agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by validating manufacturing processes.

没翻译完 后续...