研究了一下HttpURLConnection的源码：
在使用的时候都是通过URL.openConnection()来获取HttpURLConnection对象，然后调用其connect方法进行链接，所以先从URL.penConnection()入手:
/**
* Returns a new connection to the resource referred to by this URL.
*
* @throws IOException if an error occurs while opening the connection.
*/
public URLConnection openConnection() throws IOException {
return streamHandler.openConnection(this);
}
接下来就要看一下streamHandler究竟是何方神圣？我们搜一下他的赋值，实在setupStreamHandler方法中进行的：
/**
* Sets the receiver's stream handler to one which is appropriate for its
* protocol.
*
* Note that this will overwrite any existing stream handler with the new
* one. Senders must check if the streamHandler is null before calling the
* method if they do not want this behavior (a speed optimization).
*
* @throws MalformedURLException if no reasonable handler is available.
*/
void setupStreamHandler() {
streamHandler = streamHandlers.get(protocol);
if (streamHandler != null) {
return;
}
if (streamHandlerFactory != null) {
streamHandler = streamHandlerFactory.createURLStreamHandler(protocol);
if (streamHandler != null) {
streamHandlers.put(protocol, streamHandler);
return;
}
}
String packageList = System.getProperty("java.protocol.handler.pkgs");
ClassLoader contextClassLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (packageList != null && contextClassLoader != null) {
for (String packageName : packageList.split("\\|")) {
String className = packageName + "." + protocol + ".Handler";
try {
Class c = contextClassLoader.loadClass(className);
streamHandler = (URLStreamHandler) c.newInstance();
if (streamHandler != null) {
streamHandlers.put(protocol, streamHandler);
}
return;
} catch (IllegalAccessException ignored) {
} catch (InstantiationException ignored) {
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ignored) {
}
}
}
if (protocol.equals("file")) {
streamHandler = new FileHandler();
} else if (protocol.equals("ftp")) {
streamHandler = new FtpHandler();
} else if (protocol.equals("http")) {
try {
String name = "com.android.okhttp.HttpHandler";
streamHandler = (URLStreamHandler) Class.forName(name).newInstance();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new AssertionError(e);
}
} else if (protocol.equals("https")) {
try {
String name = "com.android.okhttp.HttpsHandler";
streamHandler = (URLStreamHandler) Class.forName(name).newInstance();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new AssertionError(e);
}
} else if (protocol.equals("jar")) {
streamHandler = new JarHandler();
}
if (streamHandler != null) {
streamHandlers.put(protocol, streamHandler);
}
}
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这里我们就以HTTP协议为例说一下所以找到okhttp HttpHandler.openConnection()方法:
package com.squareup.okhttp;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Proxy;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.net.URLStreamHandler;
public final class HttpHandler extends URLStreamHandler {
@Override protected URLConnection openConnection(URL url) throws IOException {
return new OkHttpClient().open(url);
}
@Override protected URLConnection openConnection(URL url, Proxy proxy) throws IOException {
if (url == null || proxy == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null || proxy == null");
}
return new OkHttpClient().setProxy(proxy).open(url);
}
@Override protected int getDefaultPort() {
return 80;
}
}
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接下来就悲剧了，因为我找不到OkHttpClient()类中有open方法。
仔细查看了文档后发现在OKHttp1.6.0的时候该方法就已经已经过时了。
@Deprecated
public HttpURLConnection open(URL url)
Deprecated. moved to OkUrlFactory.open.
那我们怎么往下分析呢？很显然Android sdk中使用的OkHttp不是最新版。所以我们可以使用1.5.0版本的OKHttp接着分析。
在项目build.gradle中进行配置 compile ‘com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:1.5.0’ 然后开始愉快的查看源码。
package com.squareup.okhttp;
import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.Util;
import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.http.HttpAuthenticator;
import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl;
import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.http.HttpsURLConnectionImpl;
import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.http.ResponseCacheAdapter;
import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.okio.ByteString;
import com.squareup.okhttp.internal.tls.OkHostnameVerifier;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.CookieHandler;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.Proxy;
import java.net.ProxySelector;
import java.net.ResponseCache;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.net.URLStreamHandler;
import java.net.URLStreamHandlerFactory;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
/** Configures and creates HTTP connections. */
public final class OkHttpClient implements URLStreamHandlerFactory, Cloneable {
private final RouteDatabase routeDatabase;
private Proxy proxy;
private List protocols;
private ProxySelector proxySelector;
private CookieHandler cookieHandler;
private OkResponseCache responseCache;
private SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory;
private HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier;
private OkAuthenticator authenticator;
private ConnectionPool connectionPool;
private boolean followProtocolRedirects = true;
private int connectTimeout;
private int readTimeout;
public OkHttpClient() {
routeDatabase = new RouteDatabase();
}
/**
* Sets the default connect timeout for new connections. A value of 0 means no timeout.
*
* @see URLConnection#setConnectTimeout(int)
*/
public void setConnectTimeout(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) {
if (timeout < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout < 0");
}
if (unit == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("unit == null");
}
long millis = unit.toMillis(timeout);
if (millis > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Timeout too large.");
}
connectTimeout = (int) millis;
}
/** Default connect timeout (in milliseconds). */
public int getConnectTimeout() {
return connectTimeout;
}
/**
* Sets the default read timeout for new connections. A value of 0 means no timeout.
*
* @see URLConnection#setReadTimeout(int)
*/
public void setReadTimeout(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) {
if (timeout < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout < 0");
}
if (unit == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("unit == null");
}
long millis = unit.toMillis(timeout);
if (millis > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Timeout too large.");
}
readTimeout = (int) millis;
}
/** Default read timeout (in milliseconds). */
public int getReadTimeout() {
return readTimeout;
}
/**
* Sets the HTTP proxy that will be used by connections created by this
* client. This takes precedence over {@link #setProxySelector}, which is
* only honored when this proxy is null (which it is by default). To disable
* proxy use completely, call {@code setProxy(Proxy.NO_PROXY)}.
*/
public OkHttpClient setProxy(Proxy proxy) {
this.proxy = proxy;
return this;
}
public Proxy getProxy() {
return proxy;
}
/**
* Sets the proxy selection policy to be used if no {@link #setProxy proxy}
* is specified explicitly. The proxy selector may return multiple proxies;
* in that case they will be tried in sequence until a successful connection
* is established.
*
* If unset, the {@link ProxySelector#getDefault() system-wide default}
* proxy selector will be used.
*/
public OkHttpClient setProxySelector(ProxySelector proxySelector) {
this.proxySelector = proxySelector;
return this;
}
public ProxySelector getProxySelector() {
return proxySelector;
}
/**
* Sets the cookie handler to be used to read outgoing cookies and write
* incoming cookies.
*
* If unset, the {@link CookieHandler#getDefault() system-wide default}
* cookie handler will be used.
*/
public OkHttpClient setCookieHandler(CookieHandler cookieHandler) {
this.cookieHandler = cookieHandler;
return this;
}
public CookieHandler getCookieHandler() {
return cookieHandler;
}
/**
* Sets the response cache to be used to read and write cached responses.
*/
public OkHttpClient setResponseCache(ResponseCache responseCache) {
return setOkResponseCache(toOkResponseCache(responseCache));
}
public ResponseCache getResponseCache() {
return responseCache instanceof ResponseCacheAdapter
? ((ResponseCacheAdapter) responseCache).getDelegate()
: null;
}
public OkHttpClient setOkResponseCache(OkResponseCache responseCache) {
this.responseCache = responseCache;
return this;
}
public OkResponseCache getOkResponseCache() {
return responseCache;
}
/**
* Sets the socket factory used to secure HTTPS connections.
*
* If unset, a lazily created SSL socket factory will be used.
*/
public OkHttpClient setSslSocketFactory(SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory) {
this.sslSocketFactory = sslSocketFactory;
return this;
}
public SSLSocketFactory getSslSocketFactory() {
return sslSocketFactory;
}
/**
* Sets the verifier used to confirm that response certificates apply to
* requested hostnames for HTTPS connections.
*
* If unset, the
* {@link javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection#getDefaultHostnameVerifier()
* system-wide default} hostname verifier will be used.
*/
public OkHttpClient setHostnameVerifier(HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier) {
this.hostnameVerifier = hostnameVerifier;
return this;
}
public HostnameVerifier getHostnameVerifier() {
return hostnameVerifier;
}
/**
* Sets the authenticator used to respond to challenges from the remote web
* server or proxy server.
*
* If unset, the {@link java.net.Authenticator#setDefault system-wide default}
* authenticator will be used.
*/
public OkHttpClient setAuthenticator(OkAuthenticator authenticator) {
this.authenticator = authenticator;
return this;
}
public OkAuthenticator getAuthenticator() {
return authenticator;
}
/**
* Sets the connection pool used to recycle HTTP and HTTPS connections.
*
* If unset, the {@link ConnectionPool#getDefault() system-wide
* default} connection pool will be used.
*/
public OkHttpClient setConnectionPool(ConnectionPool connectionPool) {
this.connectionPool = connectionPool;
return this;
}
public ConnectionPool getConnectionPool() {
return connectionPool;
}
/**
* Configure this client to follow redirects from HTTPS to HTTP and from HTTP
* to HTTPS.
*
* If unset, protocol redirects will be followed. This is different than
* the built-in {@code HttpURLConnection}'s default.
*/
public OkHttpClient setFollowProtocolRedirects(boolean followProtocolRedirects) {
this.followProtocolRedirects = followProtocolRedirects;
return this;
}
public boolean getFollowProtocolRedirects() {
return followProtocolRedirects;
}
public RouteDatabase getRoutesDatabase() {
return routeDatabase;
}
/**
* @deprecated OkHttp 1.5 enforces an enumeration of {@link Protocol protocols}
* that can be selected. Please switch to {@link #setProtocols(java.util.List)}.
*/
@Deprecated
public OkHttpClient setTransports(List transports) {
List protocols = new ArrayList(transports.size());
for (int i = 0, size = transports.size(); i < size; i++) {
try {
Protocol protocol = Util.getProtocol(ByteString.encodeUtf8(transports.get(i)));
protocols.add(protocol);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
}
}
return setProtocols(protocols);
}
/**
* Configure the protocols used by this client to communicate with remote
* servers. By default this client will prefer the most efficient transport
* available, falling back to more ubiquitous protocols. Applications should
* only call this method to avoid specific compatibility problems, such as web
* servers that behave incorrectly when SPDY is enabled.
*
* The following protocols are currently supported:
*
*
* This is an evolving set. Future releases may drop
* support for transitional protocols (like spdy/3.1), in favor of their
* successors (spdy/4 or http/2.0). The http/1.1 transport will never be
* dropped.
*
*
If multiple protocols are specified, NPN will
* be used to negotiate a transport. Future releases may use another mechanism
* (such as ALPN)
* to negotiate a transport.
*
* @param protocols the protocols to use, in order of preference. The list
* must contain "http/1.1". It must not contain null.
*/
public OkHttpClient setProtocols(List protocols) {
protocols = Util.immutableList(protocols);
if (!protocols.contains(Protocol.HTTP_11)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("protocols doesn't contain http/1.1: " + protocols);
}
if (protocols.contains(null)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("protocols must not contain null");
}
this.protocols = Util.immutableList(protocols);
return this;
}
/**
* @deprecated OkHttp 1.5 enforces an enumeration of {@link Protocol
* protocols} that can be selected. Please switch to {@link
* #getProtocols()}.
*/
@Deprecated
public List getTransports() {
List transports = new ArrayList(protocols.size());
for (int i = 0, size = protocols.size(); i < size; i++) {
transports.add(protocols.get(i).name.utf8());
}
return transports;
}
public List getProtocols() {
return protocols;
}
public HttpURLConnection open(URL url) {
return open(url, proxy);
}
HttpURLConnection open(URL url, Proxy proxy) {
String protocol = url.getProtocol();
OkHttpClient copy = copyWithDefaults();
copy.proxy = proxy;
if (protocol.equals("http")) return new HttpURLConnectionImpl(url, copy);
if (protocol.equals("https")) return new HttpsURLConnectionImpl(url, copy);
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected protocol: " + protocol);
}
/**
* Returns a shallow copy of this OkHttpClient that uses the system-wide
* default for each field that hasn't been explicitly configured.
*/
OkHttpClient copyWithDefaults() {
OkHttpClient result = clone();
if (result.proxySelector == null) {
result.proxySelector = ProxySelector.getDefault();
}
if (result.cookieHandler == null) {
result.cookieHandler = CookieHandler.getDefault();
}
if (result.responseCache == null) {
result.responseCache = toOkResponseCache(ResponseCache.getDefault());
}
if (result.sslSocketFactory == null) {
result.sslSocketFactory = getDefaultSSLSocketFactory();
}
if (result.hostnameVerifier == null) {
result.hostnameVerifier = OkHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE;
}
if (result.authenticator == null) {
result.authenticator = HttpAuthenticator.SYSTEM_DEFAULT;
}
if (result.connectionPool == null) {
result.connectionPool = ConnectionPool.getDefault();
}
if (result.protocols == null) {
result.protocols = Util.HTTP2_SPDY3_AND_HTTP;
}
return result;
}
/**
* Java and Android programs default to using a single global SSL context,
* accessible to HTTP clients as {@link SSLSocketFactory#getDefault()}. If we
* used the shared SSL context, when OkHttp enables NPN for its SPDY-related
* stuff, it would also enable NPN for other usages, which might crash them
* because NPN is enabled when it isn't expected to be.
*
* This code avoids that by defaulting to an OkHttp created SSL context. The
* significant drawback of this approach is that apps that customize the
* global SSL context will lose these customizations.
*/
private synchronized SSLSocketFactory getDefaultSSLSocketFactory() {
if (sslSocketFactory == null) {
try {
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, null, null);
sslSocketFactory = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
}
return sslSocketFactory;
}
/** Returns a shallow copy of this OkHttpClient. */
@Override public OkHttpClient clone() {
try {
return (OkHttpClient) super.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
}
private OkResponseCache toOkResponseCache(ResponseCache responseCache) {
return responseCache == null || responseCache instanceof OkResponseCache
? (OkResponseCache) responseCache
: new ResponseCacheAdapter(responseCache);
}
/**
* Creates a URLStreamHandler as a {@link URL#setURLStreamHandlerFactory}.
*
* This code configures OkHttp to handle all HTTP and HTTPS connections
* created with {@link URL#openConnection()}:
{@code
*
* OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
* URL.setURLStreamHandlerFactory(okHttpClient);
* }
*/
public URLStreamHandler createURLStreamHandler(final String protocol) {
if (!protocol.equals("http") && !protocol.equals("https")) return null;
return new URLStreamHandler() {
@Override protected URLConnection openConnection(URL url) {
return open(url);
}
@Override protected URLConnection openConnection(URL url, Proxy proxy) {
return open(url, proxy);
}
@Override protected int getDefaultPort() {
if (protocol.equals("http")) return 80;
if (protocol.equals("https")) return 443;
throw new AssertionError();
}
};
}
}
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接着看一下HttpURLConnectionImpl类,它是HttpURLConnection的子类：
public class HttpURLConnectionImpl extends HttpURLConnection {
.....
}
到这里new URL(url).openConnection()方法已经分析完了，其实就是返回了一个HtppURLConnectionImpl对象。
我们在使用HttpURLConnection都是这样使用：
String url = "http://www.baidu.com"
URL url = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
...
connection.connect();
...
connection.getResponseCode();
connection.getOuoputStream();
connection.getInputStream();
....
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上面分析了new URL().openConnection()那我们这里就接着分析第二步了，就是调用connect()方法的处理:
这里看一下HttpURLConnectionImpl.connect()方法：
@Override public final void connect() throws IOException {
initHttpEngine();
boolean success;
do {
success = execute(false);
} while (!success);
}
接着看一下initHttpEngine()方法的实现:
private void initHttpEngine() throws IOException {
if (httpEngineFailure != null) {
throw httpEngineFailure;
} else if (httpEngine != null) {
return;
}
connected = true;
try {
if (doOutput) {
if (method.equals("GET")) {
method = "POST";
} else if (!HttpMethod.hasRequestBody(method)) {
throw new ProtocolException(method + " does not support writing");
}
}
httpEngine = newHttpEngine(method, null, null);
} catch (IOException e) {
httpEngineFailure = e;
throw e;
}
}
private HttpEngine newHttpEngine(String method, Connection connection,
RetryableSink requestBody) {
Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder()
.url(getURL())
.method(method, null );
Headers headers = requestHeaders.build();
for (int i = 0; i < headers.size(); i++) {
builder.addHeader(headers.name(i), headers.value(i));
}
boolean bufferRequestBody;
if (fixedContentLength != -1) {
bufferRequestBody = false;
builder.header("Content-Length", Long.toString(fixedContentLength));
} else if (chunkLength > 0) {
bufferRequestBody = false;
builder.header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
} else {
bufferRequestBody = true;
}
Request request = builder.build();
OkHttpClient engineClient = client;
if (engineClient.getOkResponseCache() != null && !getUseCaches()) {
engineClient = client.clone().setOkResponseCache(null);
}
return new HttpEngine(engineClient, request, bufferRequestBody, connection, null, requestBody);
}
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到这里我们知道他会创建一个HttpEngine类，我们先不管它，接着看一下execute()方法的内部实现：
/**
* Sends a request and optionally reads a response. Returns true if the
* request was successfully executed, and false if the request can be
* retried. Throws an exception if the request failed permanently.
*/
private boolean execute(boolean readResponse) throws IOException {
try {
httpEngine.sendRequest();
route = httpEngine.getRoute();
handshake = httpEngine.getConnection() != null
? httpEngine.getConnection().getHandshake()
: null;
if (readResponse) {
httpEngine.readResponse();
}
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
HttpEngine retryEngine = httpEngine.recover(e);
if (retryEngine != null) {
httpEngine = retryEngine;
return false;
}
httpEngineFailure = e;
throw e;
}
}
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到这里，可以大胆的猜测一下了HttpEngine应该就是实际在Socket链接上进行数据收发的类。 当然这只是猜测，接着看一下它的实现:
/**
* Handles a single HTTP request/response pair. Each HTTP engine follows this
* lifecycle:
*
* - It is created.
*
- The HTTP request message is sent with sendRequest(). Once the request
* is sent it is an error to modify the request headers. After
* sendRequest() has been called the request body can be written to if
* it exists.
*
- The HTTP response message is read with readResponse(). After the
* response has been read the response headers and body can be read.
* All responses have a response body input stream, though in some
* instances this stream is empty.
*
*
* The request and response may be served by the HTTP response cache, by the
* network, or by both in the event of a conditional GET.
*/
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文档验证了我们的想法。因为它内部实现代码比较多，所以就不全部贴了，按照重要的一步步分析，既然上面调用了sendRequest()方法，这里就从他入手：
/**
* Figures out what the response source will be, and opens a socket to that
* source if necessary. Prepares the request headers and gets ready to start
* writing the request body if it exists.
*/
public final void sendRequest() throws IOException {
if (responseSource != null) return;
if (transport != null) throw new IllegalStateException();
prepareRawRequestHeaders();
OkResponseCache responseCache = client.getOkResponseCache();
Response cacheResponse = responseCache != null
? responseCache.get(request)
: null;
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
CacheStrategy cacheStrategy = new CacheStrategy.Factory(now, request, cacheResponse).get();
responseSource = cacheStrategy.source;
request = cacheStrategy.request;
if (responseCache != null) {
responseCache.trackResponse(responseSource);
}
if (responseSource != ResponseSource.NETWORK) {
validatingResponse = cacheStrategy.response;
}
if (cacheResponse != null && !responseSource.usesCache()) {
closeQuietly(cacheResponse.body());
}
if (responseSource.requiresConnection()) {
if (connection == null) {
connect();
}
transport = (Transport) connection.newTransport(this);
if (hasRequestBody() && requestBodyOut == null) {
requestBodyOut = transport.createRequestBody(request);
}
} else {
if (connection != null) {
client.getConnectionPool().recycle(connection);
connection = null;
}
this.response = validatingResponse;
if (validatingResponse.body() != null) {
initContentStream(validatingResponse.body().source());
}
}
}
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接着看一下connect()方法：
/** Connect to the origin server either directly or via a proxy. */
private void connect() throws IOException {
if (connection != null) throw new IllegalStateException();
if (routeSelector == null) {
String uriHost = request.url().getHost();
if (uriHost == null || uriHost.length() == 0) {
throw new UnknownHostException(request.url().toString());
}
SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = null;
HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = null;
if (request.isHttps()) {
sslSocketFactory = client.getSslSocketFactory();
hostnameVerifier = client.getHostnameVerifier();
}
Address address = new Address(uriHost, getEffectivePort(request.url()), sslSocketFactory,
hostnameVerifier, client.getAuthenticator(), client.getProxy(), client.getProtocols());
routeSelector = new RouteSelector(address, request.uri(), client.getProxySelector(),
client.getConnectionPool(), Dns.DEFAULT, client.getRoutesDatabase());
}
connection = routeSelector.next(request.method());
if (!connection.isConnected()) {
connection.connect(client.getConnectTimeout(), client.getReadTimeout(), getTunnelConfig());
if (connection.isSpdy()) client.getConnectionPool().share(connection);
client.getRoutesDatabase().connected(connection.getRoute());
} else if (!connection.isSpdy()) {
connection.updateReadTimeout(client.getReadTimeout());
}
route = connection.getRoute();
}
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接下来我们要先看一下routeSelector.next()方法如何返回connection对象，然后在看Connection.connect()方法：
/**
* Returns the next route address to attempt.
*
* @throws NoSuchElementException if there are no more routes to attempt.
*/
public Connection next(String method) throws IOException {
for (Connection pooled; (pooled = pool.get(address)) != null; ) {
if (method.equals("GET") || pooled.isReadable()) return pooled;
pooled.close();
}
if (!hasNextTlsMode()) {
if (!hasNextInetSocketAddress()) {
if (!hasNextProxy()) {
if (!hasNextPostponed()) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
return new Connection(pool, nextPostponed());
}
lastProxy = nextProxy();
resetNextInetSocketAddress(lastProxy);
}
lastInetSocketAddress = nextInetSocketAddress();
resetNextTlsMode();
}
boolean modernTls = nextTlsMode() == TLS_MODE_MODERN;
Route route = new Route(address, lastProxy, lastInetSocketAddress, modernTls);
if (routeDatabase.shouldPostpone(route)) {
postponedRoutes.add(route);
return next(method);
}
return new Connection(pool, route);
}
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再看一下Connection类的实现以及其connect()方法:
public final class Connection implements Closeable {
private final ConnectionPool pool;
private final Route route;
private Socket socket;
private InputStream in;
private OutputStream out;
private BufferedSource source;
private BufferedSink sink;
private boolean connected = false;
private HttpConnection httpConnection;
private SpdyConnection spdyConnection;
private int httpMinorVersion = 1;
private long idleStartTimeNs;
private Handshake handshake;
private int recycleCount;
public Connection(ConnectionPool pool, Route route) {
this.pool = pool;
this.route = route;
}
public void connect(int connectTimeout, int readTimeout, TunnelRequest tunnelRequest)
throws IOException {
if (connected) throw new IllegalStateException("already connected");
socket = (route.proxy.type() != Proxy.Type.HTTP) ? new Socket(route.proxy) : new Socket();
Platform.get().connectSocket(socket, route.inetSocketAddress, connectTimeout);
socket.setSoTimeout(readTimeout);
in = socket.getInputStream();
out = socket.getOutputStream();
if (route.address.sslSocketFactory != null) {
upgradeToTls(tunnelRequest);
} else {
initSourceAndSink();
httpConnection = new HttpConnection(pool, this, source, sink);
}
connected = true;
}
/** Returns the transport appropriate for this connection. */
public Object newTransport(HttpEngine httpEngine) throws IOException {
return (spdyConnection != null)
? new SpdyTransport(httpEngine, spdyConnection)
: new HttpTransport(httpEngine, httpConnection);
}
}
````
到这里就已经把发送请求到服务器的部分全部分析完了，就想上面所说的我们应该回去了，回去分析发送完请求后的部分。
我们这个分析是在`HttpURLConnectionImpl.execute()`方法中的`HttpEngine.sendRequest()`方法开始一直分析下来的，
所以我们还是要回到`HttpURLConnectionImpl.execute()`方法中.
"se-preview-section-delimiter">
```java
private boolean execute(boolean readResponse) throws IOException {
try {
httpEngine.sendRequest();
route = httpEngine.getRoute();
handshake = httpEngine.getConnection() != null
? httpEngine.getConnection().getHandshake()
: null;
if (readResponse) {
httpEngine.readResponse();
}
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
HttpEngine retryEngine = httpEngine.recover(e);
if (retryEngine != null) {
httpEngine = retryEngine;
return false;
}
httpEngineFailure = e;
throw e;
}
}
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接着看HttpEngine.readResponse()方法吧。注释说的非常明白。
/**
* Flushes the remaining request header and body, parses the HTTP response
* headers and starts reading the HTTP response body if it exists.
*/
public final void readResponse() throws IOException {
if (response != null) return;
if (responseSource == null) throw new IllegalStateException("call sendRequest() first!");
if (!responseSource.requiresConnection()) return;
if (bufferedRequestBody != null && bufferedRequestBody.buffer().size() > 0) {
bufferedRequestBody.flush();
}
if (sentRequestMillis == -1) {
if (OkHeaders.contentLength(request) == -1 && requestBodyOut instanceof RetryableSink) {
long contentLength = ((RetryableSink) requestBodyOut).contentLength();
request = request.newBuilder()
.header("Content-Length", Long.toString(contentLength))
.build();
}
transport.writeRequestHeaders(request);
}
if (requestBodyOut != null) {
if (bufferedRequestBody != null) {
bufferedRequestBody.close();
} else {
requestBodyOut.close();
}
if (requestBodyOut instanceof RetryableSink) {
transport.writeRequestBody((RetryableSink) requestBodyOut);
}
}
transport.flushRequest();
response = transport.readResponseHeaders()
.request(request)
.handshake(connection.getHandshake())
.header(OkHeaders.SENT_MILLIS, Long.toString(sentRequestMillis))
.header(OkHeaders.RECEIVED_MILLIS, Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis()))
.setResponseSource(responseSource)
.build();
connection.setHttpMinorVersion(response.httpMinorVersion());
receiveHeaders(response.headers());
if (responseSource == ResponseSource.CONDITIONAL_CACHE) {
if (validatingResponse.validate(response)) {
transport.emptyTransferStream();
releaseConnection();
response = combine(validatingResponse, response);
OkResponseCache responseCache = client.getOkResponseCache();
responseCache.trackConditionalCacheHit();
responseCache.update(validatingResponse, cacheableResponse());
if (validatingResponse.body() != null) {
initContentStream(validatingResponse.body().source());
}
return;
} else {
closeQuietly(validatingResponse.body());
}
}
if (!hasResponseBody()) {
responseTransferSource = transport.getTransferStream(cacheRequest);
responseBody = responseTransferSource;
return;
}
maybeCache();
initContentStream(transport.getTransferStream(cacheRequest));
}
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先看一下maybeCache()方法：
private void maybeCache() throws IOException {
OkResponseCache responseCache = client.getOkResponseCache();
if (responseCache == null) return;
if (!CacheStrategy.isCacheable(response, request)) {
responseCache.maybeRemove(request);
return;
}
cacheRequest = responseCache.put(cacheableResponse());
}
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再看一下initContentStream()方法：
/**
* Initialize the response content stream from the response transfer source.
* These two sources are the same unless we're doing transparent gzip, in
* which case the content source is decompressed.
*
* Whenever we do transparent gzip we also strip the corresponding headers.
* We strip the Content-Encoding header to prevent the application from
* attempting to double decompress. We strip the Content-Length header because
* it is the length of the compressed content, but the application is only
* interested in the length of the uncompressed content.
*
*
This method should only be used for non-empty response bodies. Response
* codes like "304 Not Modified" can include "Content-Encoding: gzip" without
* a response body and we will crash if we attempt to decompress the zero-byte
* source.
*/
private void initContentStream(Source transferSource) throws IOException {
responseTransferSource = transferSource;
if (transparentGzip && "gzip".equalsIgnoreCase(response.header("Content-Encoding"))) {
response = response.newBuilder()
.removeHeader("Content-Encoding")
.removeHeader("Content-Length")
.build();
responseBody = new GzipSource(transferSource);
} else {
responseBody = transferSource;
}
}
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到这里又执行完了，responseBody已经被赋值了，他是一个Source接口的实现类。也就是说到这里，这次网络请求就完成了，也收到了服务器返回的数据。
也就是说到这里我们已经分析了:
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)new URL(url).openConnection();
connection.connect();
接下来就是分析connection.getResponseCode()以及connection.getOutputStream()这两个方法了。
先看一下getResponseCode()方法：
@Override public final int getResponseCode() throws IOException {
return getResponse().getResponse().code();
}
那我们接着看一下getResponse()方法，其实就是直接读取响应头的响应值：
/**
* Aggressively tries to get the final HTTP response, potentially making
* many HTTP requests in the process in order to cope with redirects and
* authentication.
*/
private HttpEngine getResponse() throws IOException {
initHttpEngine();
if (httpEngine.hasResponse()) {
return httpEngine;
}
while (true) {
if (!execute(true)) {
continue;
}
Retry retry = processResponseHeaders();
if (retry == Retry.NONE) {
httpEngine.releaseConnection();
return httpEngine;
}
String retryMethod = method;
Sink requestBody = httpEngine.getRequestBody();
int responseCode = httpEngine.getResponse().code();
if (responseCode == HTTP_MULT_CHOICE
|| responseCode == HTTP_MOVED_PERM
|| responseCode == HTTP_MOVED_TEMP
|| responseCode == HTTP_SEE_OTHER) {
retryMethod = "GET";
requestHeaders.removeAll("Content-Length");
requestBody = null;
}
if (requestBody != null && !(requestBody instanceof RetryableSink)) {
throw new HttpRetryException("Cannot retry streamed HTTP body", responseCode);
}
if (retry == Retry.DIFFERENT_CONNECTION) {
httpEngine.releaseConnection();
}
Connection connection = httpEngine.close();
httpEngine = newHttpEngine(retryMethod, connection, (RetryableSink) requestBody);
}
}
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接着看一下getOutputStream()的源码：
@Override public final OutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
connect();
BufferedSink sink = httpEngine.getBufferedRequestBody();
if (sink == null) {
throw new ProtocolException("method does not support a request body: " + method);
} else if (httpEngine.hasResponse()) {
throw new ProtocolException("cannot write request body after response has been read");
}
return sink.outputStream();
}
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顺便再看一下getInputStream()方法：
@Override public final InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
if (!doInput) {
throw new ProtocolException("This protocol does not support input");
}
HttpEngine response = getResponse();
if (getResponseCode() >= HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) {
throw new FileNotFoundException(url.toString());
}
InputStream result = response.getResponseBodyBytes();
if (result == null) {
throw new ProtocolException("No response body exists; responseCode=" + getResponseCode());
}
return result;
}
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再顺便看一下HttpURLConnection.disconnect()方法，因为这个方法可能很多人不清楚该不该调用他,不过注释说的很明白了：
/**
* Releases this connection so that its resources may be either reused or
* closed.
*
* Unlike other Java implementations, this will not necessarily close
* socket connections that can be reused. You can disable all connection
* reuse by setting the {@code http.keepAlive} system property to {@code
* false} before issuing any HTTP requests.
*/
@Override public final void disconnect() {
if (httpEngine != null) {
httpEngine.close();
}
}
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看一下HttpEngine.close()方法:
/**
* Release any resources held by this engine. If a connection is still held by
* this engine, it is returned.
*/
public final Connection close() {
if (bufferedRequestBody != null) {
closeQuietly(bufferedRequestBody);
} else if (requestBodyOut != null) {
closeQuietly(requestBodyOut);
}
if (responseBody == null) {
closeQuietly(connection);
connection = null;
return null;
}
closeQuietly(responseBody);
closeQuietly(responseBodyBytes);
if (transport != null && !transport.canReuseConnection()) {
closeQuietly(connection);
connection = null;
return null;
}
Connection result = connection;
connection = null;
return result;
}
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继续看一下closeQuietly(connection)方法：
/**
* Closes {@code closeable}, ignoring any checked exceptions. Does nothing
* if {@code closeable} is null.
*/
public static void closeQuietly(Closeable closeable) {
if (closeable != null) {
try {
closeable.close();
} catch (RuntimeException rethrown) {
throw rethrown;
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
}
}
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再接着看一下Connection.close()方法：
@Override public void close() throws IOException {
socket.close();
}
再看Socket.close()方法：
package com.squareup.okhttp;
/**
* Closes the socket. It is not possible to reconnect or rebind to this
* socket thereafter which means a new socket instance has to be created.
*
* @throws IOException
* if an error occurs while closing the socket.
*/
public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
isClosed = true;
isConnected = false;
localAddress = Inet4Address.ANY;
impl.close();
}
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到这里就都看完了，最后我们再看一下上面用到的连接池，也就是ConnectionPool类: 因为在上面的分析中，我们发现此类贯穿了很多类。
它为OkHttpClient中的对象，后贯穿到HttpEngine、Connection、HttpConnection等。所以要分析下。
/**
* Manages reuse of HTTP and SPDY connections for reduced network latency. HTTP
* requests that share the same {@link com.squareup.okhttp.Address} may share a
* {@link com.squareup.okhttp.Connection}. This class implements the policy of
* which connections to keep open for future use.
*
* The {@link #getDefault() system-wide default} uses system properties for
* tuning parameters:
*
* - {@code http.keepAlive} true if HTTP and SPDY connections should be
* pooled at all. Default is true.
*
- {@code http.maxConnections} maximum number of idle connections to
* each to keep in the pool. Default is 5.
*
- {@code http.keepAliveDuration} Time in milliseconds to keep the
* connection alive in the pool before closing it. Default is 5 minutes.
* This property isn't used by {@code HttpURLConnection}.
*
*
* The default instance doesn't adjust its configuration as system
* properties are changed. This assumes that the applications that set these
* parameters do so before making HTTP connections, and that this class is
* initialized lazily.
*/
public class ConnectionPool {
private static final int MAX_CONNECTIONS_TO_CLEANUP = 2;
private static final long DEFAULT_KEEP_ALIVE_DURATION_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
private static final ConnectionPool systemDefault;
static {
String keepAlive = System.getProperty("http.keepAlive");
String keepAliveDuration = System.getProperty("http.keepAliveDuration");
String maxIdleConnections = System.getProperty("http.maxConnections");
long keepAliveDurationMs = keepAliveDuration != null ? Long.parseLong(keepAliveDuration)
: DEFAULT_KEEP_ALIVE_DURATION_MS;
if (keepAlive != null && !Boolean.parseBoolean(keepAlive)) {
systemDefault = new ConnectionPool(0, keepAliveDurationMs);
} else if (maxIdleConnections != null) {
systemDefault = new ConnectionPool(Integer.parseInt(maxIdleConnections), keepAliveDurationMs);
} else {
systemDefault = new ConnectionPool(5, keepAliveDurationMs);
}
}
/** The maximum number of idle connections for each address. */
private final int maxIdleConnections;
private final long keepAliveDurationNs;
private final LinkedList connections = new LinkedList();
/** We use a single background thread to cleanup expired connections. */
private final ExecutorService executorService = new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, 1,
60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue(),
Util.threadFactory("OkHttp ConnectionPool", true));
private final Runnable connectionsCleanupRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
List expiredConnections = new ArrayList(MAX_CONNECTIONS_TO_CLEANUP);
int idleConnectionCount = 0;
synchronized (ConnectionPool.this) {
for (ListIterator i = connections.listIterator(connections.size());
i.hasPrevious(); ) {
Connection connection = i.previous();
if (!connection.isAlive() || connection.isExpired(keepAliveDurationNs)) {
i.remove();
expiredConnections.add(connection);
if (expiredConnections.size() == MAX_CONNECTIONS_TO_CLEANUP) break;
} else if (connection.isIdle()) {
idleConnectionCount++;
}
}
for (ListIterator i = connections.listIterator(connections.size());
i.hasPrevious() && idleConnectionCount > maxIdleConnections; ) {
Connection connection = i.previous();
if (connection.isIdle()) {
expiredConnections.add(connection);
i.remove();
--idleConnectionCount;
}
}
}
for (Connection expiredConnection : expiredConnections) {
Util.closeQuietly(expiredConnection);
}
}
};
public ConnectionPool(int maxIdleConnections, long keepAliveDurationMs) {
this.maxIdleConnections = maxIdleConnections;
this.keepAliveDurationNs = keepAliveDurationMs * 1000 * 1000;
}
/**
* Returns a snapshot of the connections in this pool, ordered from newest to
* oldest. Waits for the cleanup callable to run if it is currently scheduled.
*/
List getConnections() {
waitForCleanupCallableToRun();
synchronized (this) {
return new ArrayList(connections);
}
}
/**
* Blocks until the executor service has processed all currently enqueued
* jobs.
*/
private void waitForCleanupCallableToRun() {
try {
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
}
}).get();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
}
public static ConnectionPool getDefault() {
return systemDefault;
}
/** Returns total number of connections in the pool. */
public synchronized int getConnectionCount() {
return connections.size();
}
/** Returns total number of spdy connections in the pool. */
public synchronized int getSpdyConnectionCount() {
int total = 0;
for (Connection connection : connections) {
if (connection.isSpdy()) total++;
}
return total;
}
/** Returns total number of http connections in the pool. */
public synchronized int getHttpConnectionCount() {
int total = 0;
for (Connection connection : connections) {
if (!connection.isSpdy()) total++;
}
return total;
}
/** Returns a recycled connection to {@code address}, or null if no such connection exists. */
public synchronized Connection get(Address address) {
Connection foundConnection = null;
for (ListIterator i = connections.listIterator(connections.size());
i.hasPrevious(); ) {
Connection connection = i.previous();
if (!connection.getRoute().getAddress().equals(address)
|| !connection.isAlive()
|| System.nanoTime() - connection.getIdleStartTimeNs() >= keepAliveDurationNs) {
continue;
}
i.remove();
if (!connection.isSpdy()) {
try {
Platform.get().tagSocket(connection.getSocket());
} catch (SocketException e) {
Util.closeQuietly(connection);
Platform.get().logW("Unable to tagSocket(): " + e);
continue;
}
}
foundConnection = connection;
break;
}
if (foundConnection != null && foundConnection.isSpdy()) {
connections.addFirst(foundConnection);
}
executorService.execute(connectionsCleanupRunnable);
return foundConnection;
}
/**
* Gives {@code connection} to the pool. The pool may store the connection,
* or close it, as its policy describes.
*
* It is an error to use {@code connection} after calling this method.
*/
public void recycle(Connection connection) {
if (connection.isSpdy()) {
return;
}
if (!connection.isAlive()) {
Util.closeQuietly(connection);
return;
}
try {
Platform.get().untagSocket(connection.getSocket());
} catch (SocketException e) {
Platform.get().logW("Unable to untagSocket(): " + e);
Util.closeQuietly(connection);
return;
}
synchronized (this) {
connections.addFirst(connection);
connection.incrementRecycleCount();
connection.resetIdleStartTime();
}
executorService.execute(connectionsCleanupRunnable);
}
/**
* Shares the SPDY connection with the pool. Callers to this method may
* continue to use {@code connection}.
*/
public void share(Connection connection) {
if (!connection.isSpdy()) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
executorService.execute(connectionsCleanupRunnable);
if (connection.isAlive()) {
synchronized (this) {
connections.addFirst(connection);
}
}
}
/** Close and remove all connections in the pool. */
public void evictAll() {
List connections;
synchronized (this) {
connections = new ArrayList(this.connections);
this.connections.clear();
}
for (int i = 0, size = connections.size(); i < size; i++) {
Util.closeQuietly(connections.get(i));
}
}
}
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/**
* Manages reuse of HTTP and SPDY connections for reduced network latency. HTTP
* requests that share the same {@link com.squareup.okhttp.Address} may share a
* {@link com.squareup.okhttp.Connection}. This class implements the policy of
* which connections to keep open for future use.
*
* The {@link #getDefault() system-wide default} uses system properties for
* tuning parameters:
*
* - {@code http.keepAlive} true if HTTP and SPDY connections should be
* pooled at all. Default is true.
*
- {@code http.maxConnections} maximum number of idle connections to
* each to keep in the pool. Default is 5.
*
- {@code http.keepAliveDuration} Time in milliseconds to keep the
* connection alive in the pool before closing it. Default is 5 minutes.
* This property isn't used by {@code HttpURLConnection}.
*
*
* The default instance doesn't adjust its configuration as system
* properties are changed. This assumes that the applications that set these
* parameters do so before making HTTP connections, and that this class is
* initialized lazily.
*/
public class ConnectionPool {
private static final int MAX_CONNECTIONS_TO_CLEANUP = 2;
private static final long DEFAULT_KEEP_ALIVE_DURATION_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
private static final ConnectionPool systemDefault;
static {
String keepAlive = System.getProperty("http.keepAlive");
String keepAliveDuration = System.getProperty("http.keepAliveDuration");
String maxIdleConnections = System.getProperty("http.maxConnections");
long keepAliveDurationMs = keepAliveDuration != null ? Long.parseLong(keepAliveDuration)
: DEFAULT_KEEP_ALIVE_DURATION_MS;
if (keepAlive != null && !Boolean.parseBoolean(keepAlive)) {
systemDefault = new ConnectionPool(0, keepAliveDurationMs);
} else if (maxIdleConnections != null) {
systemDefault = new ConnectionPool(Integer.parseInt(maxIdleConnections), keepAliveDurationMs);
} else {
systemDefault = new ConnectionPool(5, keepAliveDurationMs);
}
}
/** The maximum number of idle connections for each address. */
private final int maxIdleConnections;
private final long keepAliveDurationNs;
private final LinkedList connections = new LinkedList();
/** We use a single background thread to cleanup expired connections. */
private final ExecutorService executorService = new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, 1,
60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue(),
Util.threadFactory("OkHttp ConnectionPool", true));
private final Runnable connectionsCleanupRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
List expiredConnections = new ArrayList(MAX_CONNECTIONS_TO_CLEANUP);
int idleConnectionCount = 0;
synchronized (ConnectionPool.this) {
for (ListIterator i = connections.listIterator(connections.size());
i.hasPrevious(); ) {
Connection connection = i.previous();
if (!connection.isAlive() || connection.isExpired(keepAliveDurationNs)) {
i.remove();
expiredConnections.add(connection);
if (expiredConnections.size() == MAX_CONNECTIONS_TO_CLEANUP) break;
} else if (connection.isIdle()) {
idleConnectionCount++;
}
}
for (ListIterator i = connections.listIterator(connections.size());
i.hasPrevious() && idleConnectionCount > maxIdleConnections; ) {
Connection connection = i.previous();
if (connection.isIdle()) {
expiredConnections.add(connection);
i.remove();
--idleConnectionCount;
}
}
}
for (Connection expiredConnection : expiredConnections) {
Util.closeQuietly(expiredConnection);
}
}
};
public ConnectionPool(int maxIdleConnections, long keepAliveDurationMs) {
this.maxIdleConnections = maxIdleConnections;
this.keepAliveDurationNs = keepAliveDurationMs * 1000 * 1000;
}
/**
* Returns a snapshot of the connections in this pool, ordered from newest to
* oldest. Waits for the cleanup callable to run if it is currently scheduled.
*/
List getConnections() {
waitForCleanupCallableToRun();
synchronized (this) {
return new ArrayList(connections);
}
}
/**
* Blocks until the executor service has processed all currently enqueued
* jobs.
*/
private void waitForCleanupCallableToRun() {
try {
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
}
}).get();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new AssertionError();
}
}
public static ConnectionPool getDefault() {
return systemDefault;
}
/** Returns total number of connections in the pool. */
public synchronized int getConnectionCount() {
return connections.size();
}
/** Returns total number of spdy connections in the pool. */
public synchronized int getSpdyConnectionCount() {
int total = 0;
for (Connection connection : connections) {
if (connection.isSpdy()) total++;
}
return total;
}
/** Returns total number of http connections in the pool. */
public synchronized int getHttpConnectionCount() {
int total = 0;
for (Connection connection : connections) {
if (!connection.isSpdy()) total++;
}
return total;
}
/** Returns a recycled connection to {@code address}, or null if no such connection exists. */
public synchronized Connection get(Address address) {
Connection foundConnection = null;
for (ListIterator i = connections.listIterator(connections.size());
i.hasPrevious(); ) {
Connection connection = i.previous();
if (!connection.getRoute().getAddress().equals(address)
|| !connection.isAlive()
|| System.nanoTime() - connection.getIdleStartTimeNs() >= keepAliveDurationNs) {
continue;
}
i.remove();
if (!connection.isSpdy()) {
try {
Platform.get().tagSocket(connection.getSocket());
} catch (SocketException e) {
Util.closeQuietly(connection);
Platform.get().logW("Unable to tagSocket(): " + e);
continue;
}
}
foundConnection = connection;
break;
}
if (foundConnection != null && foundConnection.isSpdy()) {
connections.addFirst(foundConnection);
}
executorService.execute(connectionsCleanupRunnable);
return foundConnection;
}
/**
* Gives {@code connection} to the pool. The pool may store the connection,
* or close it, as its policy describes.
*
* It is an error to use {@code connection} after calling this method.
*/
public void recycle(Connection connection) {
if (connection.isSpdy()) {
return;
}
if (!connection.isAlive()) {
Util.closeQuietly(connection);
return;
}
try {
Platform.get().untagSocket(connection.getSocket());
} catch (SocketException e) {
Platform.get().logW("Unable to untagSocket(): " + e);
Util.closeQuietly(connection);
return;
}
synchronized (this) {
connections.addFirst(connection);
connection.incrementRecycleCount();
connection.resetIdleStartTime();
}
executorService.execute(connectionsCleanupRunnable);
}
/**
* Shares the SPDY connection with the pool. Callers to this method may
* continue to use {@code connection}.
*/
public void share(Connection connection) {
if (!connection.isSpdy()) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
executorService.execute(connectionsCleanupRunnable);
if (connection.isAlive()) {
synchronized (this) {
connections.addFirst(connection);
}
}
}
/** Close and remove all connections in the pool. */
public void evictAll() {
List connections;
synchronized (this) {
connections = new ArrayList(this.connections);
this.connections.clear();
}
for (int i = 0, size = connections.size(); i < size; i++) {
Util.closeQuietly(connections.get(i));
}
}
}
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文章比较长。。看了一天，就一口气写完了，希望能看到这里。
