lvm结构：
磁盘 => 分区 => PV => VG => LV => 文件系统
扩张：
先扩LV再扩文件系统
lvextend -L +100M /dev/vg1/lv1 逻辑卷的大小增加100M
resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 文件系统增到逻辑卷的大小
收缩：
先减文件系统再减LV（注意顺序）
umount /dev/vg1/lv1
e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1
resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 100M 减小文件系统到100M
lvreduce -L 100M /dev/vg1/lv1 减小逻辑卷到100M
mount -a
创建PV所需分区：
[root@rhel6-client ~]# fdisk -cul /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000cb393
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 41371647 20480000 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 41371648 45467647 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
[root@rhel6-client ~]# fdisk -cu /dev/sda
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000cb393
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 41371647 20480000 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 41371648 45467647 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First sector (45467648-209715199, default 45467648):
Using default value 45467648
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (45467648-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000cb393
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 41371647 20480000 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 41371648 45467647 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 45467648 209715199 82123776 5 Extended
Command (m for help): n
First sector (45469696-209715199, default 45469696):
Using default value 45469696
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (45469696-209715199, default 209715199): +100M
Command (m for help): n
First sector (45676544-209715199, default 45676544): +100
Value out of range.
First sector (45676544-209715199, default 45676544):
Using default value 45676544
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (45676544-209715199, default 209715199): +100M
Command (m for help): n
First sector (45883392-209715199, default 45883392):
Using default value 45883392
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (45883392-209715199, default 209715199): +100M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000cb393
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 41371647 20480000 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 41371648 45467647 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 45467648 209715199 82123776 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 45469696 45674495 102400 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 45676544 45881343 102400 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 45883392 46088191 102400 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 5 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7): 6
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 6 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-7): 7
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 7 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders, total 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000cb393
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 41371647 20480000 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 41371648 45467647 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 45467648 209715199 82123776 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 45469696 45674495 102400 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda6 45676544 45881343 102400 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda7 45883392 46088191 102400 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
reboot/partx -a /dev/sda
[root@rhel6-client ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
8 0 104857600 sda
8 1 204800 sda1
8 2 20480000 sda2
8 3 2048000 sda3
8 4 1 sda4
8 5 102400 sda5
8 6 102400 sda6
8 7 102400 sda7
创建PV：
[root@rhel6-client ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda5 /dev/sda6 /dev/sda7
Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sda6" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sda7" successfully created
创建VG：
/dev/sda5: already exists in filesystem
New volume group name "sda5" is invalid
Run `vgcreate --help' for more information.
[root@rhel6-client ~]# vgcreate -s 8M vg1 /dev/sda5 /dev/sda6 /dev/sda7
Volume group "vg1" successfully created
[root@rhel6-client ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1 3 0 0 wz--n- 288.00m 288.00m
创建LV：
Rounding up size to full physical extent 104.00 MiB
Logical volume "lv1" created
[root@rhel6-client ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
lv1 vg1 -wi-a- 104.00m
[root@rhel6-client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 2.6G 16G 15% /
tmpfs 244M 88K 244M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 26M 159M 14% /boot
创建文件系统：
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
26624 inodes, 106496 blocks
5324 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
13 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
挂载文件系统：
[root@rhel6-client ~]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /lvm
[root@rhel6-client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 2.6G 16G 15% /
tmpfs 244M 88K 244M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 26M 159M 14% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 101M 5.6M 90M 6% /lvm
扩张：先扩lvm再扩文件系统
[root@rhel6-client ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1 3 1 0 wz--n- 288.00m 184.00m
[root@rhel6-client ~]# lvextend -L +100M /dev/vg1/lv1
Rounding up size to full physical extent 104.00 MiB
Extending logical volume lv1 to 208.00 MiB
Logical volume lv1 successfully resized
[root@rhel6-client ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
lv1 vg1 -wi-ao 208.00m
[root@rhel6-client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 2.6G 16G 15% /
tmpfs 244M 88K 244M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 26M 159M 14% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 101M 5.6M 90M 6% /lvm
[root@rhel6-client ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg1/lv1 is mounted on /lvm; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg1/lv1 to 212992 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 212992 blocks long.
[root@rhel6-client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 2.6G 16G 15% /
tmpfs 244M 88K 244M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 26M 159M 14% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 202M 5.8M 186M 4% /lvm
收缩：先件文件系统再减lvm
[root@rhel6-client ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 150M
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg1/lv1 is mounted on /lvm; on-line resizing required
On-line shrinking from 212992 to 153600 not supported.
[root@rhel6-client ~]# umount /lvm
[root@rhel6-client ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 150M
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Please run 'e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1' first.
[root@rhel6-client ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lv1
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg1/lv1: 11/53248 files (9.1% non-contiguous), 12625/212992 blocks
[root@rhel6-client ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg1/lv1 150M
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 to 153600 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg1/lv1 is now 153600 blocks long.
[root@rhel6-client ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
lv1 vg1 -wi-a- 208.00m
[root@rhel6-client ~]# lvreduce -L 150M /dev/vg1/lv1
Rounding up size to full physical extent 152.00 MiB
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 152.00 MiB
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv1? [y/n]: y
Reducing logical volume lv1 to 152.00 MiB
Logical volume lv1 successfully resized
[root@rhel6-client ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
lv1 vg1 -wi-a- 152.00m
[root@rhel6-client ~]# mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /lvm
[root@rhel6-client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 2.6G 16G 15% /
tmpfs 244M 88K 244M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 194M 26M 159M 14% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv1 146M 5.6M 133M 5% /lvm
[root@rhel6-client ~]#
[root@rhel6-client ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
lv1 vg1 -wi-ao 152.00m
[root@rhel6-client ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1 3 1 0 wz--n- 288.00m 136.00m