Install CMake on Ubuntu 12.04
新电脑刚装好Ubuntu和无线网卡驱动，可以正常上网了。Ubuntu安装完后自带make，比如装无线网卡时候进入目录，make编译安装网卡驱动。也自带gcc，但不带g++编译器。而软件开发仅有gcc是不够的。现在开始配置项目环境。首先是CMake编译器。因为我故意没装Synaptic Package Manager，下文是用命令行安装。
Source code: cmake-3.1.0.tar.gz, can be download from: http://www.cmake.org/download/
1) 解压，配置。（其实安装包里的README.rst里的说明已经很详细。）
arac@test:~/Downloads$ cd cmake-3.1.0
arac@test:~/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0$ sudo ./bootstrap
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CMake 3.1.0, Copyright 2000-2014 Kitware, Inc.
C compiler on this system is: cc
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Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C++ compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CXX.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.
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Log of errors: /home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
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问题很显然，缺少C++ compiler （g++）。可以简单的安装g++编译器，命令：
arac@test:~/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0$sudo apt-get install g++
也可以安装build-essential包，它包含g++。详见：“Install g++ compiler”
装完g++，再次尝试：
arac@test:~/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0$sudo ./bootstrap
---------------------------------------------
CMake 3.1.0, Copyright 2000-2014 Kitware, Inc.
Found GNU toolchain
C compiler on this system is: gcc
C++ compiler on this system is: g++
Makefile processor on this system is: make
g++ is GNU compiler
g++ has setenv
g++ has unsetenv
g++ does not have environ in stdlib.h
g++ has STL in std:: namespace
g++ has ANSI streams
g++ has streams in std:: namespace
g++ has sstream
g++ has operator!=(string, char*)
g++ has stl iterator_traits
g++ has standard template allocator
g++ has allocator<>::rebind<>
g++ does not have non-standard allocator<>::max_size argument
g++ has stl containers supporting allocator objects
g++ has stl wstring
g++ has header cstddef
g++ requires template friends to use <>
g++ supports member templates
g++ has standard template specialization syntax
g++ has argument dependent lookup
g++ has struct stat with st_mtim member
g++ has ios::binary openmode
g++ has ANSI for scoping
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g++ -I/home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Bootstrap.cmk -I/home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Source -I/home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Bootstrap.cmk -c /home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Source/cmStandardIncludes.cxx -o cmStandardIncludes.o
g++ -I/home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Bootstrap.cmk -I/home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Source -I/home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Bootstrap.cmk -c /home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0/Source/cmake.cxx -o cmake.o
....
Curses libraries were not found. Curses GUI for CMake will not be built.
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/ltu/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0
---------------------------------------------
CMake has bootstrapped. Now run make.
前面忘记修改安装路径了，这里补充一下：
arac@test:~/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0$sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cmake-3.1.0
2) 编译
arac@test:~/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0$sudo make
3) 安装
arac@test:~/Downloads/cmake-3.1.0$sudo make install
瞬间就安装完成。可以看到已成功安装到/usr/local/cmake-3.1.0目录下。
4) 设置系统路径。
修改/etc/profile文件：
arac@test:/usr/local/cmake-3.1.0/bin$ sudo gedit /etc/profile
在里面加入一行：
export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/cmake-3.1.0/bin"
arac@test:/usr/local/cmake-3.1.0/bin$ source /etc/profile
查看一下，PATH里已经有了：
arac@test:/usr/local/cmake-3.1.0/bin$ echo $PATH
/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/cmake-3.1.0/bin
刚刚安装的cmake已被永久添加到系统PATH。