lunix部署django(gunicorn)

远程访问Django项目

  • 前提更要
    • 环境配置
    • Nginx(暂时不使用)
    • gunicorn
    • 修改配置,重启nginx(暂时不使用)
    • gunicorn启动、关闭、重启

前提更要

项目在本地已完成大框架开发,预想着能部署到公共lunix服务器上,

环境配置

特意找了一台没有在使用的lunix服务器,集成部同事帮忙重新安装了较为新版的lunix,并安装了python3.7及django3:

  1. 项目代码迁移 在lunix下新建一个文件夹project用来存在django项目代码,把在本地开发的代码直接放到project文件夹下.
  2. 采用django自带调试模式启动,发现无法在本地浏览器上访问lunix服务器上的项目;
  3. 集成同事及本人自行百度,发现 runserver 是开发测试环境下用来启动django项目的方式,所以django提供配置文件配置的。用的话得配合uwsgi或者gunicorn这个插件去使用。参考文章这里的3、4节的内容,这样就能配置网络层的一些东西。

Nginx(暂时不使用)

Nginx安装可参考文章:Nginx 服务器安装及配置文件详解
安装服务器为lunix,常用开启、关闭、重启命令如下:

配置文件:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
启动nginx: sudo nginx
测试配置: sudo nginx -t
重载nginx: sudo nginx -s reload
停止nginx:sudo nginx -s stop

gunicorn

cd到django项目根目录下,执行如下命令:
pip3 install gunicorn
lunix部署django(gunicorn)_第1张图片
如若安装错了路径,可执行卸载:
lunix部署django(gunicorn)_第2张图片
如下

[appsrv@localhost ~]$ pip3 uninstall gunicorn
Found existing installation: gunicorn 20.0.4
Uninstalling gunicorn-20.0.4:
  Would remove:
    /home/appsrv/.local/bin/gunicorn
    /home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn-20.0.4.dist-info/*
    /home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/*
Proceed (y/n)? ye^H
Your response ('ye\x08') was not one of the expected responses: y, n
Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled gunicorn-20.0.4
[appsrv@localhost ~]$ 

然后重新cd到项目根目录下,执行安装命令:pip3 install gunicorn
由于上一次安装gunicorn已自动下载了gunicorn 20.0.4- py2. py3- none any .whl文件,故此时安装不再重复下载,直接使用原本已下载的whl安装。

[appsrv@localhost ~]$ cd project/ManagerPlan
[appsrv@localhost ManagerPlan]$ pip3 install gunicorn
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting gunicorn
  Using cached gunicorn-20.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (77 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=3.0 in /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from gunicorn) (39.0.1)
Installing collected packages: gunicorn
Successfully installed gunicorn-20.0.4
[appsrv@localhost ManagerPlan]$ 

lunix部署django(gunicorn)_第3张图片

修改配置,重启nginx(暂时不使用)

配置nginx
修改配置文件:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
如下:
lunix部署django(gunicorn)_第4张图片
重启nginx命令:

sudo service nginx reload

如果提示:

[appsrv@localhost ManagerPlan]$ sudo nginx -s reload
[sudo] appsrv 的密码:
nginx: [error] open() "/run/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)
[appsrv@localhost ManagerPlan]$ sudo nginx
[appsrv@localhost ManagerPlan]$ 

则说明nginx没有启动,重新启动即可。启动命令:sudo nginx

备注:如果你是root账号登录,重启还可以用这个命令:

sudo service nginx reload

如果非root账号,用此命令执行时会报错:

对不起,用户 appsrv 无权以 root 的身份在 localhost.localdomain 上执行 /sbin/service nginx reload。

gunicorn启动、关闭、重启

1、gunicorn开启
在项目的根目录下,输入下方的代码。

gunicorn --bind unix:/tmp/域名.socket projectname.wsgi:application

例如我使用的:

gunicorn -b 192.168.101.240:8002 ManagerPlan.wsgi:application

2、查询
首先执行如下命令获取Gunicorn进程:

ps -ef|grep gunicorn

执行后如下:

[appsrv@localhost ~]$ ps -ef|grep gunicorn
appsrv    9781     1  0 4月21 ?       00:01:07 /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /home/appsrv/.local/bin/gunicorn ManagerPlan.wsgi
appsrv    9803  9781  0 4月21 ?       00:00:07 /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /home/appsrv/.local/bin/gunicorn ManagerPlan.wsgi
appsrv   10498     1  0 4月22 ?       00:00:58 /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /home/appsrv/.local/bin/gunicorn -b 192.168.101.240:8002 ManagerPlan.wsgi:application
appsrv   15116 10498  0 16:46 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /home/appsrv/.local/bin/gunicorn -b 192.168.101.240:8002 ManagerPlan.wsgi:application
appsrv   15255 15150  0 18:08 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto gunicorn

3、关闭
首先执行如下命令获取Gunicorn进程树:

ps -ef|grep gunicorn

之后输入如下指令关闭进程:

kill -9 pid

4、重启
输入如下指令重启进程:

kill -HUP pid

发现执行如下启动命令报错,8002端口被占用

gunicorn -b 192.168.101.240:8002 ManagerPlan.wsgi:application

查看是被哪个进程占用:

ss -anp |grep 8002
lunix部署django(gunicorn)_第5张图片

居然是nginx配置中的地址。那么此时把nginx停止运行(sudo nginx -s stop),再重新执行gunicorn启动命令.
现在报出其他错误,找不到ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘ManagerPlan.wsgi.plan’;

[appsrv@localhost ManagerPlan]$ gunicorn -b 192.168.101.240:8002 ManagerPlan.wsgi.plan
[2020-04-28 11:34:26 +0800] [16185] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.0.4
[2020-04-28 11:34:26 +0800] [16185] [INFO] Listening at: http://192.168.101.240:8002 (16185)
[2020-04-28 11:34:26 +0800] [16185] [INFO] Using worker: sync
[2020-04-28 11:34:26 +0800] [16188] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 16188
[2020-04-28 03:34:26 +0000] [16188] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 583, in spawn_worker
    worker.init_process()
  File "/home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 119, in init_process
    self.load_wsgi()
  File "/home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 144, in load_wsgi
    self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
  File "/home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
    self.callable = self.load()
  File "/home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 49, in load
    return self.load_wsgiapp()
  File "/home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 39, in load_wsgiapp
    return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
  File "/home/appsrv/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 358, in import_app
    mod = importlib.import_module(module)
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "", line 1006, in _gcd_import
  File "", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "", line 962, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'ManagerPlan.wsgi.plan'; 'ManagerPlan.wsgi' is not a package
[2020-04-28 03:34:26 +0000] [16188] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 16188)
[2020-04-28 11:34:26 +0800] [16185] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
[2020-04-28 11:34:26 +0800] [16185] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.

暂时没有解决ta。只是先要确定普通模式运行下django项目,看看它能否跑起来
cd到项目根目录下,运行命令:

python3 manage.py runserver 192.168.101.240:8002

[appsrv@localhost ManagerPlan]$ python3 manage.py runserver 192.168.101.240:8002
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
April 28, 2020 - 03:44:07
Django version 2.1.1, using settings 'ManagerPlan.settings'
Starting development server at http://192.168.101.240:8002/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

在其他电脑(也即是远程)上访问:http://192.168.101.240:8002/index/

可正常访问到登录页面。故此项目是能正常运行的。目前紧要的就是解决找不到模块的问题。
原来是执行错命令了,用命令:

gunicorn -b 192.168.101.240:8002 ManagerPlan.wsgi:application

才是正确的。

gunicorn -b 192.168.101.240:8002 ManagerPlan.wsgi:application

wsgi:application 之间应该用:冒号,而不是.

总结:脱离了nginx,直接用gunicorn启动项目,运行。

考虑:把nginx用起来。(可参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/joest/p/setting_up_your_django_project_to_nginx.html)

https://blog.csdn.net/lanhaixuanvv/article/details/78258680?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-OPENSEARCH-1&depth_1-utm_source=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-OPENSEARCH-1

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