STM32H743Nucleo ADC使用DMA配置无法读取数据的问题及解决
STM32H743Nucleo ADC使用DMA配置无法读取数据的问题及解决
- 一、对ADC进行配置
- 二、对程序进行修改
- 三、程序执行结果
- 四、问题解决
一、对ADC进行配置
- 使用STM32H743Nucleo板使用DMA对ADC进行采样实验。
- 对H743Nucleo通过STM32CubeMX（Version 5.0.1 STM32Cube V1.0）进行配置。
- 代码编译器选择KeilMDK (V2.25.2.0)。
- 首先对管脚进行默认初始化。
- 对CPU Cache进行使能，如下图：
3.配置ADC，使用ADC1 通道选择了2 、3、5、6四路，如下图：
4.在ADC的配置中选择连续扫描和转换模式，数据存储选择DMA Circular Mode，如下图：
5.将转换通道数改为4，将每个通道分别写入到每个队列中。
6.接下来配置DMA：
DMA选择ADC1，选择DMA1的任意流即可。
DMA模式选择循环模式，数据类型选择word型，也可以是Half-Word，根据自己的需求。
7.最后再使能了一下USART3，将AD的转换数据进行回传。其他均默认，不进行修改。
二、对程序进行修改
1.定义ADC接收数组为uint32_t，共200个数据为一组，一个通道50个数据。在生成代码的指定位置写入自己的程序：
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
#define ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE ((uint32_t) 200)
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
uint32_t ADC_DATA[ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE] ;
/* USER CODE END PV */
2.在主函数进行数据定义临时数据存放每个通道的AD转换值：
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
uint32_t ad1,ad2,ad3,ad4;
uint16_t i;
/* USER CODE END 1 */
3.采用DMA模式开启ADC的转换，转换数据存在定义的ADC_DATA中：
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
if (HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1, (uint32_t *)ADC_DATA, ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE END 2 */
4.在while循环中对ADC的数据进行读取，并进行50次的均值滤波，最后通过串口进行输出：
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
for(i = 0,ad1=0,ad2=0,ad3=0,ad4=0; i < ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE;)
{
ad1 += ADC_DATA[i++];
ad2 += ADC_DATA[i++];
ad3 += ADC_DATA[i++];
ad4 += ADC_DATA[i++];
}
ad1 /= 50; //累加50次，最后求均值
ad2 /= 50;
ad3 /= 50;
ad4 /= 50;
printf("\r\n******** ADC DMA Example ********\r\n\r\n");
printf(" AD1 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad1*3.3f/65536); //转换后的真实电压值
printf(" AD2 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad2*3.3f/65536);
printf(" AD3 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad3*3.3f/65536);
printf(" AD4 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad4*3.3f/65536);
HAL_Delay(500);
/* USER CODE END 3 */
5.将每次ADC转换一半及转换完成后的数据值存放在ADC_DATA中，通过调用HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback和HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback进行处理。
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/**
* @brief Conversion complete callback in non-blocking mode
* @param hadc: ADC handle
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
/* Invalidate Data Cache to get the updated content of the SRAM on the first half of the ADC converted data buffer: 32 bytes */
SCB_InvalidateDCache_by_Addr((uint32_t *) &ADC_DATA[0], ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
}
/**
* @brief Conversion DMA half-transfer callback in non-blocking mode
* @param hadc: ADC handle
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
/* Invalidate Data Cache to get the updated content of the SRAM on the second half of the ADC converted data buffer: 32 bytes */
SCB_InvalidateDCache_by_Addr((uint32_t *) &ADC_DATA[ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE/2], ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
三、程序执行结果
- 通过串口对数据进行显示，通过这样的DMA采集ADC数据失败，然而通过普通采样模式和中断模式采集ADC均可以采集成功。如图所示：
- 最后查找资料发现是STM32CubeMX配置完成后生成的程序执行地址是从RAM 0x20000000开始执行，然而0x20000000是DTCM段，DMA无法进行访问，所以修改ADC存储数据位置为0x24000000即AXI SRAM，此处DMA可以进行访问。
- 下图是默认KeilMDK程序执行的的起始地址
四、问题解决
- 通过上述分析，问题产生的原因在于 DMA1 访问了无法访问到的地址。介绍两种解决方法:
- 方法一，通过原因分析中描述的方法，通过在工程中，指定 RAM 使用空间实现目标地址（访问的数组）在支持的 RAM 区域。
- 方法二，通过在数组定义时，强制分配至支持的 RAM 空间区域，如下所示。
uint32_t ADC_DATA[ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE] __attribute__((section(".ARM.__at_0x24000000")));
- 其中 attribute((section(".ARM.__at_address")))是被 MDK-ARM 支持的，指定对应空间的方式。
- 通过以上方法的修改，将程序下载后可以观察到DMA存储ADC数据正常:
最后将完整的主程序代码进行上传：
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
** This notice applies to any and all portions of this file
* that are not between comment pairs USER CODE BEGIN and
* USER CODE END. Other portions of this file, whether
* inserted by the user or by software development tools
* are owned by their respective copyright owners.
*
* COPYRIGHT(c) 2019 STMicroelectronics
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
#define ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE ((uint32_t) 200)
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
uint32_t ADC_DATA[ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE] __attribute__((section(".ARM.__at_0x24000000")));
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
#ifdef __GNUC__
/* With GCC/RAISONANCE, small printf (option LD Linker->Libraries->Small printf
set to 'Yes') calls __io_putchar() */
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
#else
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
#endif /* __GNUC__ */
/**
* @brief Retargets the C library printf function to the USART.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
{
/* Place your implementation of fputc here */
/* e.g. write a character to the EVAL_COM1 and Loop until the end of transmission */
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart3, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);
return ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
uint32_t ad1,ad2,ad3,ad4;
uint16_t i;
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* Enable I-Cache---------------------------------------------------------*/
SCB_EnableICache();
/* Enable D-Cache---------------------------------------------------------*/
SCB_EnableDCache();
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_DMA_Init();
MX_USART3_UART_Init();
MX_ADC1_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
if (HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1, (uint32_t *)ADC_DATA, ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
for(i = 0,ad1=0,ad2=0,ad3=0,ad4=0; i < ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE;)
{
ad1 += ADC_DATA[i++];
ad2 += ADC_DATA[i++];
ad3 += ADC_DATA[i++];
ad4 += ADC_DATA[i++];
}
ad1 /= 50;//累加50次，最后求均值
ad2 /= 50;
ad3 /= 50;
ad4 /= 50;
printf("\r\n******** ADC DMA Example ********\r\n\r\n");
printf(" AD1 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad1*3.3f/65536);//转换后的真实电压值
printf(" AD2 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad2*3.3f/65536);
printf(" AD3 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad3*3.3f/65536);
printf(" AD4 value = %1.3fV \r\n", ad4*3.3f/65536);
HAL_Delay(500);
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {
0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {
0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInitStruct = {
0};
/**Supply configuration update enable
*/
MODIFY_REG(PWR->CR3, PWR_CR3_SCUEN, 0);
/**Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
while ((PWR->D3CR & (PWR_D3CR_VOSRDY)) != PWR_D3CR_VOSRDY)
{
}
/**Macro to configure the PLL clock source
*/
__HAL_RCC_PLL_PLLSOURCE_CONFIG(RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE);
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_BYPASS;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 100;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = 2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = 2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE = RCC_PLL1VCIRANGE_3;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLVCOSEL = RCC_PLL1VCOWIDE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLFRACN = 0;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/**Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D3PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_D1PCLK1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB3CLKDivider = RCC_APB3_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_APB1_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_APB2_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB4CLKDivider = RCC_APB4_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
PeriphClkInitStruct.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART3|RCC_PERIPHCLK_ADC;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2M = 1;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2N = 19;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2P = 1;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2Q = 2;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2R = 2;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2RGE = RCC_PLL2VCIRANGE_3;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2VCOSEL = RCC_PLL2VCOMEDIUM;
PeriphClkInitStruct.PLL2.PLL2FRACN = 0;
PeriphClkInitStruct.Usart234578ClockSelection = RCC_USART234578CLKSOURCE_D2PCLK1;
PeriphClkInitStruct.AdcClockSelection = RCC_ADCCLKSOURCE_PLL2;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/**
* @brief Conversion complete callback in non-blocking mode
* @param hadc: ADC handle
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
/* Invalidate Data Cache to get the updated content of the SRAM on the first half of the ADC converted data buffer: 32 bytes */
SCB_InvalidateDCache_by_Addr((uint32_t *) &ADC_DATA[0], ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
}
/**
* @brief Conversion DMA half-transfer callback in non-blocking mode
* @param hadc: ADC handle
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
/* Invalidate Data Cache to get the updated content of the SRAM on the second half of the ADC converted data buffer: 32 bytes */
SCB_InvalidateDCache_by_Addr((uint32_t *) &ADC_DATA[ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE/2], ADC_CONVERTED_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
while(1)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LD3_GPIO_Port, LD3_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
printf("The error occurred.\r\n");
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
参考文献：
微雪课堂：STM32CubeMX系列教程7:模数转换(ADC)
意法半导体：STM32H7 DMA 传输异常案例分析