Centos 安装Mysqld5.7.17

最近安装一个高版本的MYSQL，与以前的版本小异，网上的有些文章不知云里雾里，看官网文档是最好的，特做记录。

Centos7的源已经没有mysql安装包， 需要从mysql官网下载安装包

 

 

1. 安装参考手册

 

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html

 

 

2. 各种社区版本的下载

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/

 

3. yum下载地址

   下载Mysql的yum安装源文件，安装后

 

   https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

  

   wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

 

   rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

    yum install mysql-community-server

 

 

4. 要么直接下载rpm安装

   http://repo.mysql.com/yum/

 

Index of /232905/yum

   Name                              Last modified        Size  
Parent Directory                  21-Sep-2017 15:22     1k  
mysql-5.5-community/              21-Sep-2017 08:02     1k  
mysql-5.6-community/              21-Sep-2017 08:04     1k  
mysql-5.7-community/              21-Sep-2017 08:04     1k  
mysql-8.0-community/              21-Sep-2017 15:22     1k  
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/      21-Sep-2017 08:01     1k  
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/      21-Sep-2017 08:03     1k  
mysql-community/                  21-Sep-2017 08:02     1k  
mysql-connectors-community/       21-Sep-2017 08:02     1k  
mysql-tools-community/            21-Sep-2017 08:04     1k  
mysql-tools-preview/              21-Sep-2017 03:38     1k  

---

 

 

依赖包

====================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-libs                                                x86_64                                         5.7.19-1.el7                                            mysql57-community                                         2.1 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
 mysql-community-libs-compat                                         x86_64                                         5.7.19-1.el7                                            mysql57-community                                         2.0 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
 mysql-community-server                                              x86_64                                         5.7.19-1.el7                                            mysql57-community                                         164 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql-community-client                                              x86_64                                         5.7.19-1.el7                                            mysql57-community                                          24 M
 mysql-community-common                                              x86_64                                         5.7.19-1.el7                                            mysql57-community                                         272 k

 

Transaction Summary

 

 

直接下载链接

http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

 

 

 

 

注意：Mysql5.7.6 前半部与5.7.6后的版本是有区别的，看官网文档！

 

Linux数据库初始化文档参考

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/data-directory-initialization-mysqld.html

 

Root缺省用户

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/default-privileges.html

 

用户管理文档

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/adding-users.html

 

用户管理

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/alter-user.html

 

 

 

配置mysql文件

 

[root@localhost data]# more  /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

 

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

 

bind-address=0.0.0.0

 

#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

 

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

 

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

 

[client]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

 

#skip-grant-tables

 

 

 

查看/var目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/run/
[root@localhost run]# ls -al | grep mysql
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   40 Dec 28 10:09 mysqld
[root@localhost run]#

 

 

查看mysql系统用户

vi /etc/passwd

mysql:x:996:1001::/home/mysql:/bin/bash

 

查看mysql日志

/var/log/mysqld.log

 

 

初始化数据库

 

mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysq --datadir=/data/mysql  --initialize-insecure

 

查看数据文件

[root@localhost mysql]# ls -al /data/mysql/
total 110596
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql       77 Dec 28 10:48 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root  root        18 Dec 28 10:32 ..
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql      215 Dec 28 10:48 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Dec 28 10:48 ibdata1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Dec 28 10:48 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Dec 28 10:48 ib_logfile1

 

 

设置root密码和授权

 

mysql -u root --skip-password

 

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxx';

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxx';

 

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

 

[root@localhost data]# mysql -u root -pxxxx
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

 

Database changed

mysql> desc user;
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Field                  | Type                              | Null | Key | Default               | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Host                   | char(60)                          | NO   | PRI |                       |       |
| User                   | char(32)                          | NO   | PRI |                       |       |
| Select_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Insert_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Update_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Delete_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Drop_priv              | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Reload_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Shutdown_priv          | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Process_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| File_priv              | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Grant_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| References_priv        | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Index_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Alter_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Show_db_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Super_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_tmp_table_priv  | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Lock_tables_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Execute_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Repl_slave_priv        | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Repl_client_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_view_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Show_view_priv         | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_routine_priv    | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Alter_routine_priv     | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_user_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Event_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Trigger_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_tablespace_priv | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| ssl_type               | enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') | NO   |     |                       |       |
| ssl_cipher             | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL                  |       |
| x509_issuer            | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL                  |       |
| x509_subject           | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL                  |       |
| max_questions          | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| max_updates            | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| max_connections        | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| max_user_connections   | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| plugin                 | char(64)                          | NO   |     | mysql_native_password |       |
| authentication_string  | text                              | YES  |     | NULL                  |       |
| password_expired       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| password_last_changed  | timestamp                         | YES  |     | NULL                  |       |
| password_lifetime      | smallint(5) unsigned              | YES  |     | NULL                  |       |
| account_locked         | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
45 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 

mysql> select Host,User from user;
+-----------+-----------+
| Host      | User      |
+-----------+-----------+
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root      |
+-----------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

mysql>

 

 

查看mysql端口

 

[root@localhost etc]# netstat -ntpl | grep 3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      24088/mysqld

 

 

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl disable iptables.service

 

 

一些可能的问题提示

1.可能是/usr/local/mysql/data/rekfan.pid文件没有写的权限
解决方法 ：给予权限，执行 “chown -R mysql:mysql /var/data” “chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/data”  然后重新启动mysqld！

2.可能进程里已经存在mysql进程
解决方法：用命令“ps -ef|grep mysqld”查看是否有mysqld进程，如果有使用“kill -9  进程号”杀死，然后重新启动mysqld！

3.可能是第二次在机器上安装mysql，有残余数据影响了服务的启动。
解决方法：去mysql的数据目录/data看看，如果存在mysql-bin.index，就赶快把它删除掉吧，它就是罪魁祸首了。本人就是使用第三条方法解决的 ！http://blog.rekfan.com/?p=186

4.mysql在启动时没有指定配置文件时会使用/etc/my.cnf配置文件，请打开这个文件查看在[mysqld]节下有没有指定数据目录(datadir)。
解决方法：请在[mysqld]下设置这一行：datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

5.skip-federated字段问题
解决方法：检查一下/etc/my.cnf文件中有没有没被注释掉的skip-federated字段，如果有就立即注释掉吧。

6.错误日志目录不存在
解决方法：使用“chown” “chmod”命令赋予mysql所有者及权限

7.selinux惹的祸，如果是centos系统，默认会开启selinux
解决方法：关闭它，打开/etc/selinux/config，把SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled后存盘退出重启机器试试。