我的xml操作练习题
刚学xml操作那会写的一些小例子，现在忘的差不多了，回顾一下…
(一)xmlReader 读取xml， 只进只读，速度快…
xmlReader
public
partial
class
Form1 : Form
{
private
XmlReaderSettings
set
;
public
Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
set
=
new
XmlReaderSettings();
set
.IgnoreComments
=
true
;
set
.IgnoreWhitespace
=
true
;
set
.ConformanceLevel
=
ConformanceLevel.Document;
set
.CloseInput
=
true
;
//
关闭基流
}
private
void
button3_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
StringBuilder sb
=
new
StringBuilder();
XmlReader reader
=
XmlReader.Create(
"
XML.xml
"
,
set
);
reader.Read();
sb.Append(
"
<?
"
+
reader.Name
+
"
"
+
reader.Value
+
"
?>
"
);
reader.Read();
sb.Append(reader.ReadOuterXml());
reader.Close();
this
.textBox1.Text
=
sb.ToString();
}
private
void
button2_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
XmlReader fullReader
=
XmlReader.Create(
"
XML.xml
"
,
set
);
fullReader.ReadToDescendant(
"
student
"
);
fullReader.ReadToNextSibling(
"
student
"
);
//
注：读取到与当前标记相同的下一个 "同级元素"
XmlReader reader
=
fullReader.ReadSubtree();
//
subtree
reader.Read();
this
.textBox1.Text
=
reader.ReadOuterXml();
}
private
void
button1_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
StringBuilder sb
=
new
StringBuilder();
XmlReader reader
=
XmlReader.Create(
"
XML.xml
"
,
set
);
reader.Read();
while
(reader.Read())
{
if
(reader.IsEmptyElement)
{
sb.Append(
"
<
"
+
reader.Name
+
this
.GetAttribtue(reader)
+
"
/> \r\n
"
);
continue
;
}
else
if
(reader.NodeType
==
XmlNodeType.Element)
{
sb.Append(
"
<
"
+
reader.Name);
if
(reader.AttributeCount
>
0
)
{
sb.Append(
this
.GetAttribtue(reader));
}
sb.Append(
"
> \r\n
"
);
}
else
if
(reader.NodeType
==
XmlNodeType.EndElement)
{
sb.Append(
"
</
"
+
reader.Name
+
"
> \r\n
"
);
}
else
if
(reader.NodeType
==
XmlNodeType.Text)
{
sb.Append(reader.Value
+
"
\r\n
"
);
}
}
reader.Close();
this
.textBox1.Text
=
sb.ToString();
}
private
string
GetAttribtue(XmlReader xr)
{
string
str
=
""
;
for
(
int
i
=
0
; i
<
xr.AttributeCount; i
++
)
{
xr.MoveToAttribute(i);
str
+=
"
"
+
xr.Name
+
"
=\"
"
+
xr.Value
+
"
\"
"
;
}
return
str;
}
}
附：测试用的xml文件
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
<
grade
>
<
student
>
<
name
>
张三
</
name
>
<
age
>
20
</
age
>
<
tel
num
="0311-7260311"
></
tel
>
</
student
>
<
student
>
<
name
>
李四
</
name
>
<
age
>
30
</
age
>
<
tel
num
="0311-7260312"
></
tel
>
</
student
>
<
student
>
<
name
>
王五
</
name
>
<
age
>
25
</
age
>
<
tel
num
="0311-7260313"
></
tel
>
</
student
>
</
grade
>
(二)由于xmlReader是只进只读的， 所以想要对xml进行修改操作就要考虑换方法了。 该demo使用XmlDocument 实现对xml的增删改查。
注意了：该demo中使用了一个自定义控件，不过它不影响xml的相关的操作。
public
partial
class
Form1 : Form
{
private
XmlDocument xmldoc;
public
Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
xmldoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmldoc.Load(
"
Config.xml
"
);
}
private
void
btnAdd_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
if
(
this
.txtName.Text.Trim()
==
""
)
{
MessageBox.Show(
"
请输入姓名
"
,
"
信息提示
"
,MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
return
;
}
if
(
this
.txtAge.Text.Trim()
==
""
)
{
MessageBox.Show(
"
请输入年龄
"
,
"
信息提示
"
,MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
return
;
}
if
(
this
.txtPhone.Text.Trim()
==
""
)
{
MessageBox.Show(
"
请输入电话号码
"
,
"
信息提示
"
,MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
return
;
}
if
(
this
.Exist(
this
.txtName.Text.Trim()))
{
MessageBox.Show(
"
该学生已经存在不允许重复添加
"
,
"
信息提示
"
,MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
return
;
}
XmlNode root
=
xmldoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
root
"
);
XmlElement student
=
xmldoc.CreateElement(
"
student
"
);
XmlElement name
=
xmldoc.CreateElement(
"
name
"
);
name.InnerText
=
this
.txtName.Text.Trim();
XmlElement age
=
xmldoc.CreateElement(
"
age
"
);
age.InnerText
=
this
.txtAge.Text.Trim();
XmlElement phone
=
xmldoc.CreateElement(
"
phone
"
);
XmlAttribute phoneAttri
=
xmldoc.CreateAttribute(
"
num
"
);
phoneAttri.InnerText
=
this
.txtPhone.Text.Trim();
phone.Attributes.Append(phoneAttri);
root.AppendChild(student);
student.AppendChild(name);
student.AppendChild(age);
student.AppendChild(phone);
xmldoc.Save(
"
Config.xml
"
);
this
.RefreshControl();
}
private
void
RefreshControl()
{
this
.flowLayoutPanel.Controls.Clear();
XmlNode root
=
xmldoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
root
"
);
XmlNodeList list
=
root.SelectNodes(
"
student
"
);
foreach
(XmlNode node
in
list)
{
XMLControl control
=
new
XMLControl();
control.Stuname
=
node[
"
name
"
].InnerText;
control.Age
=
int
.Parse(node[
"
age
"
].InnerText);
control.Phone
=
node[
"
phone
"
].Attributes[
"
num
"
].InnerText;
control.ModiEvent
+=
new
EventHandler(control_ModiEvent);
control.RemoveEvent
+=
new
EventHandler(control_RemoveEvent);
this
.flowLayoutPanel.Controls.Add(control);
}
}
void
control_RemoveEvent(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
DialogResult dr
=
MessageBox.Show(
"
是否删除该学生
"
,
"
信息提示
"
,MessageBoxButtons.YesNo,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
if
(dr
==
DialogResult.Yes)
{
XMLControl control
=
(XMLControl)sender;
XmlNode delNode
=
this
.FindeNodeByName(control.Stuname);
if
(delNode
!=
null
)
{
XmlNode root
=
xmldoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
root
"
);
root.RemoveChild(delNode);
//
移除
}
xmldoc.Save(
"
Config.xml
"
);
this
.RefreshControl();
}
}
void
control_ModiEvent(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
XMLControl control
=
(XMLControl)sender;
XmlNode modiNode
=
this
.FindeNodeByName(control.Stuname);
modiNode[
"
name
"
].InnerText
=
control.Stuname;
modiNode[
"
age
"
].InnerText
=
control.Age.ToString();
modiNode[
"
phone
"
].Attributes[
"
num
"
].InnerText
=
control.Phone;
xmldoc.Save(
"
Config.xml
"
);
this
.RefreshControl();
}
private
bool
Exist(
string
name)
{
XmlNode root
=
xmldoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
root
"
);
XmlNodeList list
=
root.SelectNodes(
"
student
"
);
foreach
(XmlNode node
in
list)
{
if
(name
==
node[
"
name
"
].InnerText)
{
return
true
;
}
}
return
false
;
}
private
XmlNode FindeNodeByName(
string
name)
{
XmlNode root
=
xmldoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
root
"
);
XmlNodeList list
=
root.SelectNodes(
"
student
"
);
foreach
(XmlNode node
in
list)
{
if
(node[
"
name
"
].InnerText
==
name)
return
node;
}
return
null
;
}
private
void
Form1_Load(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
this
.RefreshControl();
}
}
(三) 呵呵下面还有一个更厉害的“导航试搜索”XPathNavigator 提供了强大的编辑、查找、替换、遍历xml的功能。
,其还提供了类似于 Regex 、Excel公式模式去操作xml，很强大哦。
导航
public
partial
class
Form1 : Form
{
private
XmlDocument doc;
private
XPathNavigator nav;
public
Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private
void
button1_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
nav.MoveToRoot();
//
移动到根节点
nav.MoveToFirst();
//
移动到当前节点的同级的第一个节点
nav.MoveToFirstChild();
//
移动到第一个子节点
nav.MoveToFirstChild();
//
移动到第一个子节点
nav.MoveToNext();
//
移动到下一个同级节点
MessageBox.Show(
"
nav.Name :
"
+
nav.Name,
"
信息提示
"
,MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
nav.MoveToChild(
"
age
"
,
""
);
MessageBox.Show(
"
第二个student的 age :
"
+
nav.ValueAsInt,
"
信息提示
"
, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
nav.MoveToNext();
nav.MoveToAttribute(
"
num
"
,
""
);
MessageBox.Show(
"
phone num 属性
"
+
nav.Value ,
"
信息提示
"
, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
nav.MoveToParent();
//
移动到当前的父节点
MessageBox.Show(nav.OuterXml,
"
信息提示
"
, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
private
void
Form1_Load(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
doc
=
new
XmlDocument();
doc.Load(
"
Config.xml
"
);
nav
=
doc.CreateNavigator();
}
private
void
button4_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
nav.MoveToRoot();
string
expression
=
"
sum(/root/student/age) div count(/root/student/age)
"
;
double
result
=
(
double
)nav.Evaluate(expression);
MessageBox.Show(result.ToString() ,
"
信息提示
"
, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
private
void
button3_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
nav.MoveToRoot();
string
expression
=
"
./root/student/name[../age > 15]
"
;
XPathNodeIterator it
=
nav.Select(expression );
while
(it.MoveNext())
{
MessageBox.Show(it.Current.Value,
"
信息提示
"
, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
}
private
void
button2_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
nav.MoveToRoot();
string
expression
=
"
./root/student/phone[@num='7777']
"
;
XPathNodeIterator it
=
nav.Select(expression );
while
(it.MoveNext())
{
XPathNavigator temp
=
it.Current;
//
把当前游标赋值一个新游标
temp.MoveToParent();
temp.MoveToChild(
"
name
"
,
""
);
MessageBox.Show(temp.Value,
"
信息提示
"
, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
}
}
（四）xml 与 类实例之间的序列化与反序列化
public
partial
class
Form1 : Form
{
public
Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private
void
button1_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
Root root
=
new
Root();
Student s
=
new
Student();
s.Age
=
15
;
s.Name
=
"
孟庆雨
"
;
s.phone
=
new
Phone();
s.phone.Num
=
"
0311-7260311
"
;
root.Students.Add(s);
s
=
new
Student();
s.Age
=
25
;
s.Name
=
"
孟庆雨2
"
;
s.phone
=
new
Phone();
s.phone.Num
=
"
0311-7260000
"
;
root.Students.Add(s);
XmlSerializer xmlser
=
new
XmlSerializer(
typeof
(Root));
XmlTextWriter xmlw
=
new
XmlTextWriter(
"
my.xml
"
, Encoding.Default);
xmlser.Serialize(xmlw, root);
xmlw.Close();
StringBuilder sb
=
new
StringBuilder();
StringWriter sw
=
new
StringWriter(sb);
xmlser.Serialize(sw, root);
MessageBox.Show(sb.ToString());
MessageBox.Show(
"
反序列化
"
);
StringReader sr
=
new
StringReader(sb.ToString());
Root r
=
(Root) xmlser.Deserialize(sr);
foreach
(Student stu
in
r.Students)
{
string
str
=
stu.Name
+
"
:
"
+
stu.Age
+
"
:
"
+
stu.phone.Num;
MessageBox.Show(
"
姓名 : 年龄 : 电话号码\n
"
+
str);
}
MessageBox.Show(
"
反序列化完毕
"
);
MemoryStream ms
=
new
MemoryStream();
xmlw
=
new
XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.UTF8);
xmlser.Serialize(xmlw, root);
MessageBox.Show(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));
}
private
void
button2_Click(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
XmlSerializer xmlser
=
new
XmlSerializer(
typeof
(Root));
FileStream fs
=
new
FileStream(
"
my.xml
"
,FileMode.Open);
Root root
=
(Root)xmlser.Deserialize(fs);
foreach
(Student s
in
root.Students)
{
string
str
=
s.Name
+
"
:
"
+
s.Age
+
"
:
"
+
s.phone.Num;
MessageBox.Show(
"
姓名 : 年龄 : 电话号码\n
"
+
str);
}
}
}
呵呵 差不多了 就这些了。
新年的后的第一次总结、祝愿所有人：一切“兔”飞猛进。