系统的异常处理机制是衡量一个系统设计的关键因素,良好的异常处理机制能在系统出现异常时准确的找到问题的所在。
spring aop对异常的处理有良好的支持。spring 提供了一个接口 ThrowsAdvice,该接口里面没有任何方法,但是实现类里面必须的实现
afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target, RuntimeException throwable) 或者
afterThrowing(RuntimeException throwable)
如果需要记录发生异常方法的详细信息,则实现第一个方法就行,如果只记录发生的异常,实现第二个方法就ok!
那么异常的处理应该在什么位置来做处理呢?
一般我们的系统都应该有以下几个层次:Action--->Service---->DAO
DAO负责直接和数据库打交道,也是发生异常频率较高的地方,而service只是调用DAO所提供给外面的接口,action里面大部分的操作也是调用service的服务,再加上少数其他的逻辑,这部分的异常可以单独处理!下面我们主要关心DAO层的异常处理。
1、定义接口
[java] view plain copy print ?
- package com.beckham.dao;
- import java.util.List;
- import com.beckham.model.User;
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- public interface UserDAO {
- public boolean userExsit(String username) throws Exception;
- public User findById(int id) throws Exception;
- public List queryUser(String hql,int beginIndex) throws Exception;
- public void saveUser(User user) throws Exception;
- public int gettotalSize(String hql) throws Exception ;
- }
package com.beckham.dao; import java.util.List; import com.beckham.model.User; /** * @author Owner * Jan 19, 2010 10:15:32 PM * * struts2 * com.beckham.dao * UserDAO.java */ public interface UserDAO { public boolean userExsit(String username) throws Exception; public User findById(int id) throws Exception; public List queryUser(String hql,int beginIndex) throws Exception; public void saveUser(User user) throws Exception; public int gettotalSize(String hql) throws Exception ; }
2、实现
[java] view plain copy print ?
- package com.beckham.daoimp;
- import java.util.List;
- import com.beckham.dao.SuperDAO;
- import com.beckham.dao.UserDAO;
- import com.beckham.model.User;
- import com.beckham.util.PropertyUtil;
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- public class UserDAOImp extends SuperDAO implements UserDAO {
- public User findById(int id) throws Exception {
- User user = null;
- try {
- user = (User) this.getHibernateTemplate().get(User.class, id);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw new Exception("主键查询用户失败", e);
- }
- return user;
- }
- public void saveUser(User user) throws Exception {
- try {
- this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw new Exception("增加用户失败", e);
- }
- }
- @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
- public List queryUser(String hql, int beginIndex) throws Exception {
- try {
- return (List) this.getHibernateTemplate().getSessionFactory()
- .getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql).setFirstResult(
- beginIndex).setMaxResults(
- PropertyUtil.getPageSize()).list();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw new Exception("查询用户出现异常", e);
- }
- }
- public boolean userExsit(String username) throws Exception {
- boolean bl = true;
- String hql = "from User where username='" + username + "'";
- if (queryUser(hql, 0).size() == 0) {
- bl = false;
- }
- return bl;
- }
- public int gettotalSize(String hql) throws Exception {
- int totalsize = 0;
- try {
- totalsize = Integer.parseInt(this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql)
- .get(0).toString());
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- throw new Exception("查询用户总数失败", e);
- }
- return totalsize;
- }
- }
package com.beckham.daoimp; import java.util.List; import com.beckham.dao.SuperDAO; import com.beckham.dao.UserDAO; import com.beckham.model.User; import com.beckham.util.PropertyUtil; /** * @author Owner * Jan 19, 2010 10:15:50 PM * * struts2 * com.beckham.daoimp * UserDAOImp.java */ public class UserDAOImp extends SuperDAO implements UserDAO { public User findById(int id) throws Exception { User user = null; try { user = (User) this.getHibernateTemplate().get(User.class, id); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new Exception("主键查询用户失败", e); } return user; } public void saveUser(User user) throws Exception { try { this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new Exception("增加用户失败", e); } } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public List queryUser(String hql, int beginIndex) throws Exception { try { return (List) this.getHibernateTemplate().getSessionFactory() .getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql).setFirstResult( beginIndex).setMaxResults( PropertyUtil.getPageSize()).list(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new Exception("查询用户出现异常", e); } } public boolean userExsit(String username) throws Exception { boolean bl = true; String hql = "from User where username='" + username + "'"; if (queryUser(hql, 0).size() == 0) { bl = false; } return bl; } public int gettotalSize(String hql) throws Exception { int totalsize = 0; try { totalsize = Integer.parseInt(this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql) .get(0).toString()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new Exception("查询用户总数失败", e); } return totalsize; } }
这里需要说明的是,这里的异常我没有细致的分类,都是throws Exception。
service层的代码就省略了,因为只是调用DAO层的方法,下面来写异常的拦截
[java] view plain copy print ?
- package com.beckham.aop;
- import java.lang.reflect.Method;
- import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;
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- public class ExceptionLog implements ThrowsAdvice {
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- public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target,
- RuntimeException throwable) {
- System.out.println("产生异常的方法名称: " + method.getName());
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- for(Object o:args){
- System.out.println("方法的参数: " + o.toString());
- }
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- System.out.println("代理对象: " + target.getClass().getName());
- System.out.println("抛出的异常: " + throwable.getMessage()+">>>>>>>"
- + throwable.getCause());
- System.out.println("异常详细信息: "+throwable.fillInStackTrace());
- }
- }
package com.beckham.aop; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice; /** * @author Owner Jan 18, 2010 2:37:10 PM 处理DAO层的异常 struts2 com.beckham.aop * ExceptionLog.java */ public class ExceptionLog implements ThrowsAdvice { /** * Owner * 参数解释 Method method 执行的方法 * Object[] args 方法参数 * Object target 代理的目标对象 * Throwable throwable 产生的异常 * Jan 18, 2010 3:21:46 PM */ public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target, RuntimeException throwable) { System.out.println("产生异常的方法名称: " + method.getName()); for(Object o:args){ System.out.println("方法的参数: " + o.toString()); } System.out.println("代理对象: " + target.getClass().getName()); System.out.println("抛出的异常: " + throwable.getMessage()+">>>>>>>" + throwable.getCause()); System.out.println("异常详细信息: "+throwable.fillInStackTrace()); } }
最后当然就是在配置文件里面配置了
[xhtml] view plain copy print ?
- <bean id="log" class="com.beckham.aop.LogAdvice">bean>
- <bean id="exceptionLog" class="com.beckham.aop.ExceptionLog">bean>
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- <bean id="logAdvice"
- class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
- <property name="beanNames">
- <list>
- <value>userDAOvalue>
- list>
- property>
- <property name="interceptorNames">
- <list>
- <value>logvalue>
- <value>exceptionLogvalue>
- list>
- property>
- bean>
userDAO
log exceptionLog
到此,通过spring AOP拦截异常就完成了,这里只是拦截DAO层的异常,此方法的好处就是处理异常和功能实现完全分离开,只需要在写方法的时候要记得抛出相应的异常,当出现异常时ThrowsAdvice就会拦截到该异常,并获取该异常的详细信息。