因为自己项目上的APP 原来有支付宝支付,现在想要加上微信支付,所以去研究了微信APP支付的相关技术文档。虽然微信的相关的技术文档已经非常的清楚了。但是我还是想记录一下自己研究过程。
开发者平台地址:https://open.weixin.qq.com/
####2 成为开发者
APP 支付能力开通后,微信会给你一个商户号,用户和密码等信息。需要验证商户信息,还需要设置一个加密的密钥字段,这里就不一一细说了。
微信APP支付接口,是很好调试的,(不像微信公众平台,需要80端口),可以直接在本地就可以进行调试。 具体业务就不细说,直接看代码就懂了。
package com.cat.common.pay.weiChat.config;
import java.util.Properties;
import com.cat.common.properties.PropertiesUtil;
public class WeiChartConfig {
/**
* 预支付请求地址
*/
public static final String PrepayUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/unifiedorder";
/**
* 查询订单地址
*/
public static final String OrderUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/orderquery";
/**
* 关闭订单地址
*/
public static final String CloseOrderUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/closeorder";
/**
* 申请退款地址
*/
public static final String RefundUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/secapi/pay/refund";
/**
* 查询退款地址
*/
public static final String RefundQueryUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/refundquery";
/**
* 下载账单地址
*/
public static final String DownloadBillUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/pay/downloadbill";
/**
* 商户APPID
*/
public static final String AppId = "wx1234567890";
/**
* 商户账户
*/
public static final String MchId = "1234567890";
/**
* 商户秘钥
*/
public static final String AppSercret = "123456789098765432123";
/**
* 服务器异步通知页面路径
*/
public static String notify_url = getProperties().getProperty("notify_url");
/**
* 页面跳转同步通知页面路径
*/
public static String return_url = getProperties().getProperty("return_url");
/**
* 退款通知地址
*/
public static String refund_notify_url = getProperties().getProperty("refund_notify_url");
/**
* 退款需要证书文件,证书文件的地址
*/
public static String refund_file_path = getProperties().getProperty("refund_file_path");
/**
* 商品名称
*/
public static String subject = getProperties().getProperty("subject");
/**
* 商品描述
*/
public static String body = getProperties().getProperty("body");
private static Properties properties;
public static synchronized Properties getProperties(){
if(properties == null){
// String path = System.getenv(RSystemConfig.KEY_WEB_HOME_CONF) + "/weichart.properties";//自定义配置文件路径
String path = "d://weichart.properties";//测试路径
properties = PropertiesUtil.getInstance().getProperties(path);
}
return properties;
}
}
这里是 PropertiesUtil 类
package com.cat.common.properties;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
public class PropertiesUtil{
private static PropertiesUtil instance;
private Properties properties = new Properties();
public synchronized static PropertiesUtil getInstance() {
if(null == instance) {
instance = new PropertiesUtil();
}
return instance;
}
/**
* 获取配置
* @param fileUrl
* @return
*/
public Properties getProperties(String fileUrl){
readProperties(fileUrl);
return properties;
}
/**
* 读取properties的全部信息
* @param filePath
*/
public void readProperties(String filePath){
InputStream in = null;
try{
in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filePath));
properties.load(in);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
if(in != null)
in.close();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
其中有需要证书的,也有不需要证书的。
证书是在需要退款接口的时候需要使用,直接把证书放在服务器上,然后传路径
package com.qx.client.common.pay.weichart.util.httpClient;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.StringRequestEntity;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContexts;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class HttpClientUtil{
public static String post(String url,
Map headMap,
Map params){
try{
HttpClient httpclient = new HttpClient();
httpclient.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.HTTP_CONTENT_CHARSET, "UTF-8");
PostMethod httpPost = new PostMethod(url);
if(null != headMap){
for(String key : headMap.keySet()){
httpPost.setRequestHeader(key, headMap.get(key));
}
}
if(null != params){
for(String pkey : params.keySet()){
httpPost.addParameter(pkey, params.get(pkey));
}
}
httpclient.executeMethod(httpPost);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpPost.getResponseBodyAsStream()));
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String str = "";
while((str = reader.readLine()) != null){
stringBuffer.append(str);
}
reader.close();
return stringBuffer.toString();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public static String postHttplient(String url,
String xmlInfo){
try{
HttpClient httpclient = new HttpClient();
httpclient.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.HTTP_CONTENT_CHARSET, "UTF-8");
PostMethod httpPost = new PostMethod(url);
httpPost.setRequestEntity(new StringRequestEntity(xmlInfo));
httpclient.executeMethod(httpPost);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpPost.getResponseBodyAsStream()));
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String str = "";
while((str = reader.readLine()) != null){
stringBuffer.append(str);
}
reader.close();
return stringBuffer.toString();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 需要加密执行的
* @param url
* @param xmlInfo
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String postHttplientNeedSSL(String url,
String xmlInfo,
String cretPath,
String mrchId)
throws Exception{
//选择初始化密钥文件格式
KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
//得到密钥文件流
FileInputStream instream = new FileInputStream(new File(cretPath));
try{
//用商户的ID 来解读文件
keyStore.load(instream, mrchId.toCharArray());
}finally{
instream.close();
}
//用商户的ID 来加载
SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.custom().loadKeyMaterial(keyStore, mrchId.toCharArray()).build();
// Allow TLSv1 protocol only
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext, new String[] { "TLSv1" }, null, SSLConnectionSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
//用最新的httpclient 加载密钥
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
StringBuffer ret = new StringBuffer();
try{
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(xmlInfo));
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
try{
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if(entity != null){
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent()));
String text;
while((text = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
ret.append(text);
}
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}finally{
response.close();
}
}finally{
httpclient.close();
}
return ret.toString();
}
public static String postHtpps(String urlStr,
String xmlInfo){
try{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.setRequestProperty("Pragma:", "no-cache");
con.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=utf-8");
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(con.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");
out.write(xmlInfo);
out.flush();
out.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
StringBuffer lines = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
for(line = br.readLine(); line != null; line = br.readLine()){
lines.append(line);
}
return lines.toString();
}catch(MalformedURLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
其中包含 XML生成,和解析XML,请求参数字典排序,拼接密钥,MD5加密
这里是核心和微信交互的类。
package com.cat.common.pay.weiChat;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import com.cat.common.pay.weiChat.config.WeiChartConfig;
import com.cat.common.pay.weiChat.util.HttpClientUtil;
public class WeiChartUtil{
/**
* 返回状态码
*/
public static final String ReturnCode = "return_code";
/**
* 返回信息
*/
public static final String ReturnMsg = "return_msg";
/**
* 业务结果
*/
public static final String ResultCode = "result_code";
/**
* 预支付交易会话标识
*/
public static final String PrepayId = "prepay_id";
/**
* 得到微信预付单的返回ID
* @param orderId 商户自己的订单号
* @param totalFee 总金额 (分)
* @return
*/
public static Map getPreyId(String orderId,
String totalFee,String schoolLabel){
Map reqMap = new HashMap();
reqMap.put("appid", WeiChartConfig.AppId);
reqMap.put("mch_id", WeiChartConfig.MchId);
reqMap.put("nonce_str", getRandomString());
reqMap.put("body", "【"+schoolLabel+"】"+ WeiChartConfig.body);
//reqMap.put("detail", WeiChartConfig.subject); //非必填
//reqMap.put("attach", "附加数据"); //非必填
reqMap.put("out_trade_no", orderId); //商户系统内部的订单号,
reqMap.put("total_fee", totalFee); //订单总金额,单位为分
reqMap.put("spbill_create_ip", getHostIp()); //用户端实际ip
// reqMap.put("time_start", "172.16.40.18"); //交易起始时间 非必填
// reqMap.put("time_expire", "172.16.40.18"); //交易结束时间 非必填
// reqMap.put("goods_tag", "172.16.40.18"); //商品标记 非必填
reqMap.put("notify_url", WeiChartConfig.notify_url); //通知地址
reqMap.put("trade_type", "APP"); //交易类型
//reqMap.put("limit_pay", "no_credit"); //指定支付方式,no_credit 指定不能使用信用卡支 非必填
reqMap.put("sign", getSign(reqMap));
String reqStr = creatXml(reqMap);
String retStr = HttpClientUtil.postHtpps(WeiChartConfig.PrepayUrl, reqStr);
return getInfoByXml(retStr);
}
/**
* 关闭订单
* @param orderId 商户自己的订单号
* @return
*/
public static Map closeOrder(String orderId){
Map reqMap = new HashMap();
reqMap.put("appid", WeiChartConfig.AppId);
reqMap.put("mch_id", WeiChartConfig.MchId);
reqMap.put("nonce_str", getRandomString());
reqMap.put("out_trade_no", orderId); //商户系统内部的订单号,
reqMap.put("sign", getSign(reqMap));
String reqStr = creatXml(reqMap);
String retStr = HttpClientUtil.postHtpps(WeiChartConfig.CloseOrderUrl, reqStr);
return getInfoByXml(retStr);
}
/**
* 查询订单
* @param orderId 商户自己的订单号
* @return
*/
public static String getOrder(String orderId){
Map reqMap = new HashMap();
reqMap.put("appid", WeiChartConfig.AppId);
reqMap.put("mch_id", WeiChartConfig.MchId);
reqMap.put("nonce_str", getRandomString());
reqMap.put("out_trade_no", orderId); //商户系统内部的订单号,
reqMap.put("sign", getSign(reqMap));
String reqStr = creatXml(reqMap);
String retStr = HttpClientUtil.postHtpps(WeiChartConfig.OrderUrl, reqStr);
return retStr;
}
/**
* 退款
* @param orderId 商户订单号
* @param refundId 退款单号
* @param totralFee 总金额(分)
* @param refundFee 退款金额(分)
* @param opUserId 操作员ID
* @return
*/
public static Map refundWei(String orderId,String refundId,String totralFee,String refundFee,String opUserId){
Map reqMap = new HashMap();
reqMap.put("appid", WeiChartConfig.AppId);
reqMap.put("mch_id", WeiChartConfig.MchId);
reqMap.put("nonce_str", getRandomString());
reqMap.put("out_trade_no", orderId); //商户系统内部的订单号,
reqMap.put("out_refund_no", refundId); //商户退款单号
reqMap.put("total_fee", totralFee); //总金额
reqMap.put("refund_fee", refundFee); //退款金额
reqMap.put("op_user_id", opUserId); //操作员
reqMap.put("sign", getSign(reqMap));
String reqStr = creatXml(reqMap);
String retStr = "";
try{
retStr = HttpClientUtil.postHttplientNeedSSL(WeiChartConfig.RefundUrl, reqStr, WeiChartConfig.refund_file_path, WeiChartConfig.MchId);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
return getInfoByXml(retStr);
}
/**
* 退款查询
* @param refundId 退款单号
* @return
*/
public static Map getRefundWeiInfo(String refundId){
Map reqMap = new HashMap();
reqMap.put("appid", WeiChartConfig.AppId);
reqMap.put("mch_id", WeiChartConfig.MchId);
reqMap.put("nonce_str", getRandomString());
reqMap.put("out_refund_no", refundId); //商户退款单号
reqMap.put("sign", getSign(reqMap));
String reqStr = creatXml(reqMap);
String retStr = HttpClientUtil.postHtpps(WeiChartConfig.RefundQueryUrl, reqStr);
return getInfoByXml(retStr);
}
/**这个方法 可以自己写,以前我使用的是我公司封装的类,后来很多人找我要JAR包,所以我改成了这样,方便部分人直接使用代码,我自己未测试,不过应该问题不大,欢迎使用有问题的找我。
* 传入map 生成头为XML的xml字符串,例:123
* @param reqMap
* @return
*/
public static String creatXml(Map reqMap){
Set set = reqMap.keySet();
StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer();
b.append("");
b.append("");
for(String key : set){
b.append("<"+key+">").append(reqMap.get(key)).append(""+key+">");
}
b.append(" ");
return b.toString();
}
/**
* 得到加密值
* @param map
* @return
*/
public static String getSign(Map map){
String[] keys = map.keySet().toArray(new String[0]);
Arrays.sort(keys);
StringBuffer reqStr = new StringBuffer();
for(String key : keys){
String v = map.get(key);
if(v != null && !v.equals("")){
reqStr.append(key).append("=").append(v).append("&");
}
}
reqStr.append("key").append("=").append(WeiChartConfig.AppSercret);
return WeiMd5.encode(reqStr.toString()).toUpperCase();
}
/**
* 得到10 位的时间戳
* 如果在JAVA上转换为时间要在后面补上三个0
* @return
*/
public static String getTenTimes(){
String t = new Date().getTime()+"";
t = t.substring(0, t.length()-3);
return t;
}
/**
* 得到随机字符串
* @param length
* @return
*/
public static String getRandomString(){
int length = 32;
String str = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
Random random = new Random();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for(int i = 0; i < length; ++i){
int number = random.nextInt(62);//[0,62)
sb.append(str.charAt(number));
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 得到本地机器的IP
* @return
*/
private static String getHostIp(){
String ip = "";
try{
ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
}catch(UnknownHostException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return ip;
}
public static Map getInfoByXml(String xmlStr){
try{
Map m = new HashMap();
Document d = DocumentHelper.parseText(xmlStr);
Element root = d.getRootElement();
for ( Iterator> i = root.elementIterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
Element element = (Element) i.next();
String name = element.getName();
if(!element.isTextOnly()){
//不是字符串 跳过。确定了微信放回的xml只有根目录
continue;
}else{
m.put(name, element.getTextTrim());
}
}
//对返回结果做校验.去除sign 字段再去加密
String retSign = m.get("sign");
m.remove("sign");
String rightSing = getSign(m);
if(rightSing.equals(retSign)){
return m;
}
}catch(DocumentException e){
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 将金额转换成分
* @param fee 元格式的
* @return 分
*/
public static String changeToFen(Double fee){
String priceStr = "";
if(fee != null){
int p = (int)(fee * 100); //价格变为分
priceStr = Integer.toString(p);
}
return priceStr;
}
}
这个是这里面使用的MD5加密方法
package com.cat.common.pay.weiChat;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
/*
* MD5 算法
*/
public class WeiMd5 {
// 全局数组
private final static String[] strDigits = { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5",
"6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" };
// 返回形式为数字跟字符串
private static String byteToArrayString(byte bByte) {
int iRet = bByte;
// System.out.println("iRet="+iRet);
if (iRet < 0) {
iRet += 256;
}
int iD1 = iRet / 16;
int iD2 = iRet % 16;
return strDigits[iD1] + strDigits[iD2];
}
// 转换字节数组为16进制字串
private static String byteToString(byte[] bByte) {
StringBuffer sBuffer = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < bByte.length; i++) {
sBuffer.append(byteToArrayString(bByte[i]));
}
return sBuffer.toString();
}
public static String encode(String strObj) {
String resultString = null;
try {
resultString = new String(strObj);
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
// md.digest() 该函数返回值为存放哈希值结果的byte数组
try{
resultString = byteToString(md.digest(strObj.getBytes("UTF-8")));
}catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e){
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return resultString;
}
}
在微信支付的调试过程中,发现了一个困扰了很长时间的BUG,或者说是一个问题。
就是微信请求预支付的时候如果传了中文,就是body中给的是中文,就会报body不是UTF-8格式。如果强行对字段进行编码,又会报 加密错误。
但是这不是最主要的让人困扰的地方,最让我烦恼的是,我用本地的JDK调试的时候,它是OK 的。 但是用TOMCAT 部署的时候 却一直都不行
在网上有很多的说法,有的说,对body 进行编码转换UTF-8,有的说对整个请求的XML,进行编码。
还有的说编码格式用统一的。iso900…等等,巴拉巴拉的。。
反正我都不行。
最后在大神的帮助下,慢慢梳理,对发送请求的post方法上面想办法。
然后就是下面的 这句关键
public static String postHtpps(String urlStr,
String xmlInfo){
try{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.setRequestProperty("Pragma:", "no-cache");
con.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=utf-8");
//在输入流里面进行转码,是最重要的
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(con.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");
out.write(xmlInfo);
out.flush();
out.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
StringBuffer lines = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
for(line = br.readLine(); line != null; line = br.readLine()){
lines.append(line);
}
return lines.toString();
}catch(MalformedURLException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
小结:很多人看了我的这篇文章后,就直接COPY了我的代码去使用,然后在我之前发的版本中,有几个生成XML 和 解析XML的 类是我自己封装的JAR包,没有放上来,就很多人找我,加我的QQ留言说 要我给源码。其实那是很简单的一些东西。没必要那么复杂。
我的建议是 我的是一个启发的DEMO。让你能够尽快的上手使用,但是你自己一定需要好好的去看官方的文档,弄懂所有的流程,才能真正的掌握这个技巧。