简化Spring应用开发的一个框架;
整个Spring技术栈的一个大整合;
J2EE开发的一站式解决方案;
微服务:架构风格(服务微化)
一个应用应该是一组小型服务;可以通过HTTP的方式进行互通;
单体应用:ALL IN ONE
微服务:每一个功能元素最终都是一个可独立替换和独立升级的软件单元;
详细参照微服务文档
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.0.5.RELEASEversion>
parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
dependencies>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.8id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>trueactiveByDefault>
<jdk>1.8jdk>
activation>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
properties>
profile>
profiles>
/**
* @SpringBootApplication 来标注一个主程序类,说明这是一个Spring Boot应用
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Spring应用启动起来
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
}
}
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "Hello World!";
}
}
2018-09-30 10:34:56.756 WARN 776 --- [ main] ionWarningsApplicationContextInitializer :
** WARNING ** : Your ApplicationContext is unlikely to start due to a @ComponentScan of the default package.
//异常原因:application.java 文件不能直接放在main/java文件夹下,必须要建一个包把他放进去
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
将这个应用打成jar包,直接使用java -jar的命令进行执行;
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.0.5.RELEASEversion>
parent>
他的父项目是
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>2.0.5.RELEASEversion>
<relativePath>../../spring-boot-dependenciesrelativePath>
parent>
他负责管理Spring Boot应用里面的所有依赖版本;
Spring Boot的版本仲裁中心;
以后我们导入依赖默认是不需要写版本;(没有在dependencies里面管理的依赖自然需要声明版本号)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
spring-boot-starter-web:
spring-boot-starter:spring-boot场景启动器之一;帮我们导入了web模块正常运行所依赖的组件;
Spring Boot将所有的功能场景都抽取出来,做成一个个的starters(启动器),只需要在项目里面引入这些starter相关场景的所有依赖都会导入进来。要用什么功能就导入什么场景的启动器
/**
* @SpringBootApplication 来标注一个主程序类,说明这是一个Spring Boot应用
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Spring应用启动起来
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
}
}
@SpringBootApplication: Spring Boot应用标注在某个类上说明这个类是SpringBoot的主配置类,SpringBoot就应该运行这个类的main方法来启动SpringBoot应用;
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
@SpringBootConfiguration:Spring Boot的配置类;
标注在某个类上,表示这是一个Spring Boot的配置类;
@Configuration:配置类上来标注这个注解;
配置类 ----- 配置文件;配置类也是容器中的一个组件;@Component
@EnableAutoConfiguration:开启自动配置功能;
以前我们需要配置的东西,Spring Boot帮我们自动配置;@EnableAutoConfiguration告诉SpringBoot开启自动配置功能;这样自动配置才能生效;
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
@AutoConfigurationPackage:自动配置包
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class)
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {
}
Spring的底层注解@Import,给容器中导入一个组件;导入的组件由AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class;
将主配置类(@SpringBootApplication标注的类)的所在包及下面所有子包里面的所有组件扫描到Spring容器;
@Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class);
给容器中导入组件?
EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector:导入哪些组件的选择器;
将所有需要导入的组件以全类名的方式返回;这些组件就会被添加到容器中;
会给容器中导入非常多的自动配置类(xxxAutoConfiguration);就是给容器中导入这个场景需要的所有组件,并配置好这些组件;
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有了自动配置类,免去了我们手动编写配置注入功能组件等的工作;
SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(EnableAutoConfiguration.class,classLoader);
==Spring Boot在启动的时候从类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories中获取EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值,将这些值作为自动配置类导入到容器中,自动配置类就生效,帮我们进行自动配置工作;==以前我们需要自己配置的东西,自动配置类都帮我们;
J2EE的整体整合解决方案和自动配置都在spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar;
IDE都支持使用Spring的项目创建向导快速创建一个Spring Boot项目;
选择我们需要的模块;向导会联网创建Spring Boot项目;
默认生成的Spring Boot项目;
配置文件的作用:修改SpringBoot自动配置的默认值;SpringBoot在底层都给我们自动配置好;
YAML(YAML Ain’t Markup Language)
YAML A Markup Language:是一个标记语言
YAML isn’t Markup Language:不是一个标记语言;
标记语言:
以前的配置文件;大多都使用的是 xxxx.xml文件;
YAML:以数据为中心,比json、xml等更适合做配置文件;
YAML:配置例子
server:
port: 8081
XML:
<server>
<port>8081port>
server>
k:(空格)v:表示一对键值对(空格必须有);
以空格的缩进来控制层级关系;只要是左对齐的一列数据,都是同一个层级的
server:
port: 8081
path: /hello
属性和值也是大小写敏感;
k: v:字面直接来写;
字符串默认不用加上单引号或者双引号;
“”:双引号;不会转义字符串里面的特殊字符;特殊字符会作为本身想表示的意思
name: “zhangsan \n lisi”:输出;zhangsan 换行 lisi
‘’:单引号;会转义特殊字符,特殊字符最终只是一个普通的字符串数据
name: ‘zhangsan \n lisi’:输出;zhangsan \n lisi
k: v:在下一行来写对象的属性和值的关系;注意缩进
对象还是k: v的方式
friends:
lastName: zhangsan
age: 20
行内写法:
friends: {
lastName: zhangsan,age: 18}
用- 值表示数组中的一个元素
pets:
- cat
- dog
- pig
行内写法
pets: [cat,dog,pig]
配置文件
person:
lastName: hello
age: 18
boss: false
birth: 2017/12/12
maps: {
k1: v1,k2: 12}
lists:
- lisi
- zhaoliu
dog:
name: 小狗
age: 12
javaBean:
/**
* 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值,映射到这个组件中
* @ConfigurationProperties:告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定;
* prefix = "person":配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
*
* 只有这个组件是容器中的组件,才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能;
*
*/
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
private String lastName;
private Integer age;
private Boolean boss;
private Date birth;
private Map<String,Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
我们可以导入配置文件处理器,以后编写配置就有提示了
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processorartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
调整
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@ConfigurationProperties | @Value | |
---|---|---|
功能 | 批量注入配置文件中的属性 | 一个个指定 |
松散绑定(松散语法) | 支持 | 不支持 |
SpEL | 不支持 | 支持 |
JSR303数据校验 | 支持 | 不支持 |
复杂类型封装 | 支持 | 不支持 |
配置文件yml还是properties他们都能获取到值;
如果说,我们只是在某个业务逻辑中需要获取一下配置文件中的某项值,使用@Value;
如果说,我们专门编写了一个javaBean来和配置文件进行映射,我们就直接使用@ConfigurationProperties;
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Validated
public class Person {
/**
*
*
*
*/
//lastName必须是邮箱格式
@Email
//@Value("${person.last-name}")
private String lastName;
//@Value("#{11*2}")
private Integer age;
//@Value("true")
private Boolean boss;
private Date birth;
private Map maps;
private List
@PropertySource:加载指定的配置文件;
/**
* 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值,映射到这个组件中
* @ConfigurationProperties:告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定;
* prefix = "person":配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
*
* 只有这个组件是容器中的组件,才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能;
* @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")默认从全局配置文件中获取值;
*
*/
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:person.properties"})
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
//@Validated
public class Person {
/**
*
*
*
*/
//lastName必须是邮箱格式
// @Email
//@Value("${person.last-name}")
private String lastName;
//@Value("#{11*2}")
private Integer age;
//@Value("true")
private Boolean boss;
@ImportResource:导入Spring的配置文件,让配置文件里面的内容生效;
Spring Boot里面没有Spring的配置文件,我们自己编写的配置文件,也不能自动识别;
想让Spring的配置文件生效,加载进来;@ImportResource标注在一个配置类上
@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
导入Spring的配置文件让其生效
不来编写Spring的配置文件
SpringBoot推荐给容器中添加组件的方式;推荐使用全注解的方式
1、配置类**@Configuration**------>Spring配置文件
2、使用**@Bean**给容器中添加组件
/**
* @Configuration:指明当前类是一个配置类;就是来替代之前的Spring配置文件
*
* 在配置文件中用 标签添加组件
*
*/
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig {
//将方法的返回值添加到容器中;容器中这个组件默认的id就是方法名
@Bean
public HelloService helloService02(){
System.out.println("配置类@Bean给容器中添加组件了...");
return new HelloService();
}
}
##4、配置文件占位符
${random.value}、${random.int}、${random.long}
${random.int(10)}、${random.int[1024,65536]}
person.last-name=张三${random.uuid}
person.age=${random.int}
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=14
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=${person.hello:hello}_dog
person.dog.age=15
我们在主配置文件编写的时候,文件名可以是 application-{profile}.properties/yml
默认使用application.properties的配置;
server:
port: 8081
spring:
profiles:
active: prod
---
server:
port: 8083
spring:
profiles: dev
---
server:
port: 8084
spring:
profiles: prod #指定属于哪个环境
1、在配置文件中指定 spring.profiles.active=dev
2、命令行:
java -jar spring-boot-02-config-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev;
可以直接在测试的时候,配置传入命令行参数
3、虚拟机参数;
-Dspring.profiles.active=dev
springboot 启动会扫描以下位置的application.properties或者application.yml文件作为Spring boot的默认配置文件
–file:./config/
–file:./
–classpath:/config/
–classpath:/
优先级由高到底,高优先级的配置会覆盖低优先级的配置;
SpringBoot会从这四个位置全部加载主配置文件;互补配置;
我们还可以通过spring.config.location来改变默认的配置文件位置
项目打包好以后,我们可以使用命令行参数的形式,启动项目的时候来指定配置文件的新位置;指定配置文件和默认加载的这些配置文件共同起作用形成互补配置;
java -jar spring-boot-02-config-02-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=G:/application.properties
SpringBoot也可以从以下位置加载配置; 优先级从高到低;高优先级的配置覆盖低优先级的配置,所有的配置会形成互补配置
1.命令行参数
所有的配置都可以在命令行上进行指定
java -jar spring-boot-02-config-02-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --server.port=8087 --server.context-path=/abc
多个配置用空格分开; --配置项=值
2.来自java:comp/env的JNDI属性
3.Java系统属性(System.getProperties())
4.操作系统环境变量
5.RandomValuePropertySource配置的random.*属性值
由jar包外向jar包内进行寻找;
优先加载带profile
6.jar包外部的application-{profile}.properties或application.yml(带spring.profile)配置文件
7.jar包内部的application-{profile}.properties或application.yml(带spring.profile)配置文件
再来加载不带profile
8.jar包外部的application.properties或application.yml(不带spring.profile)配置文件
9.jar包内部的application.properties或application.yml(不带spring.profile)配置文件
10.@Configuration注解类上的@PropertySource
11.通过SpringApplication.setDefaultProperties指定的默认属性
所有支持的配置加载来源;
参考官方文档
配置文件到底能写什么?怎么写?自动配置原理
配置文件配置的属性参照
自动配置原理:
springboot启动的时候加载主配置类,开启了自动配置功能 @EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration的作用
AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class 的方法
protected List getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
List configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
return configurations;
}
protected Class> getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() {
return EnableAutoConfiguration.class;
}
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
return NO_IMPORTS;
} else {
AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
//获取候选的配置
List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
configurations = this.filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
return StringUtils.toStringArray(configurations);
}
}
SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()方法
- 扫描所有jar包类路径下的 META-INF/spring.factories
- 把扫描到的这些文件的内容包装成properties对象
- 从properties对象中获取EnableAutoConfiguration.class类名对应的值,然后把它们添加到容器中
将 类路径下 META-INF/spring.factories 里面配置的所有EnableAutoConfiguration的值加入到了容器中
~~~properties
# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.http.codec.CodecsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.influx.InfluxDbAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jsonb.JsonbAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.QuartzAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.reactor.core.ReactorCoreAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.reactive.ReactiveUserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.OAuth2ClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.client.RestTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.HttpHandlerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.ReactiveWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.WebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebFluxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.error.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.reactive.WebSocketReactiveAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.servlet.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration
每一个这样的xxxAutoConfiguration类都是容器中的一个组件,都会被加到容器中;用他们来做自动配置;
@Configuration //表示这是一个自动配置类,类似于之前的配置文件,也可以给容器中添加组件
@EnableConfigurationProperties({
HttpEncodingProperties.class}) //启动指定类的ConfigurationProperties功能;将配置文件中对应的值和HttpEncodingProperties绑定;
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(
type = Type.SERVLET
)
//spring底层的@Condition注解,根据不同的条件,如果满足了指定的条件,整个配置文件中的配置就会生效;判断当前应用是不是web应用,如果是,当前配置类生效
@ConditionalOnClass({
CharacterEncodingFilter.class}) //判断当前项目有没有这个类
@ConditionalOnProperty(
prefix = "spring.http.encoding",
value = {
"enabled"},
matchIfMissing = true
)//判断配置文件中是否存在某个配置 spring.http.encoding.enabled;如果不存在,判断也是成立的
//即使我们配置文件中不配置pring.http.encoding.enabled=true,也是默认生效的;
private final HttpEncodingProperties properties; 已经属性文件进行了映射
public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {
//他已经和SpringBoot的配置文件映射了
private final HttpEncodingProperties properties;
//只有一个有参构造器的情况下,参数的值就会从容器中拿
public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(HttpEncodingProperties properties) {
this.properties = properties;
}
@Bean //给容器中添加一个组件,这个组件的某些值需要从properties中获取
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判断容器没有这个组件
public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.REQUEST));
filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.RESPONSE));
return filter;
}
-------------------------------------------
@ConfigurationProperties(
prefix = "spring.http.encoding"
)
public class HttpEncodingProperties {
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET;
private Charset charset;
private Boolean force;
private Boolean forceRequest;
private Boolean forceResponse;
private Map<Locale, Charset> mapping;
根据当前不同的条件判断,决定这个配置类是否生效?
一但这个配置类生效;这个配置类就会给容器中添加各种组件;这些组件的属性是从对应的properties类中获取 的,这些类里面的每一个属性又是和配置文件绑定的;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http.encoding") //从配置文件中获取指定的值和bean的属
性进行绑定
public class HttpEncodingProperties {
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF‐8");
精髓:
1)、SpringBoot启动会加载大量的自动配置类
2)、我们看我们需要的功能有没有SpringBoot默认写好的自动配置类;
3)、我们再来看这个自动配置类中到底配置了哪些组件;(只要我们要用的组件有,我们就不需要再来配置了)
4)、给容器中自动配置类添加组件的时候,会从properties类中获取某些属性。我们就可以在配置文件中指定这 些属性的值;
xxxxAutoConfigurartion:自动配置类; 给容器中添加组件
xxxxProperties:封装配置文件中相关属性;
@Conditional扩展注解 作用(判断是否满足当前指定条件)
@ConditionalOnJava 系统的java版本是否符合要求
@ConditionalOnBean 容器中存在指定Bean;
@ConditionalOnMissingBean 容器中不存在指定Bean;
@ConditionalOnExpression 满足SpEL表达式指定
@ConditionalOnClass 系统中有指定的类
@ConditionalOnMissingClass 系统中没有指定的类
@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate 容器中只有一个指定的Bean,或者这个Bean是首选Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty 系统中指定的属性是否有指定的值
@ConditionalOnResource 类路径下是否存在指定资源文件
@ConditionalOnWebApplication 当前是web环境
@ConditionalOnNotWebApplication 当前不是web环境
@ConditionalOnJndi JNDI存在指定项
自动配置类需要在一定的条件下才能生效;
市面上的日志框架:JUL,JCL,Jboss-logging,logback,log4j,log4j2,slf4j
日志门面 (日志的抽象层) | 日志实现 |
---|---|
JUL(java.util.logging) Log4j2 Logback |
左边选一个门面(抽象层)、右边选一个实现
日志门面:SLF4J
日志实现:Logback
SpringBoot:底层是spring框架,spring框架默认是用JCL
springboot选用SLF4J和logback
以后开发的时候,日志记录方法的调用,不应该来直接调用日志的实现类,而是调用日志抽象层里面的方法; 给系统里面导入slf4j的jar和 logback的实现jar
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorld.class);
logger.info("Hello World");
}
}
图示:
每一个日志的实现框架都有自己的配置文件。使用slf4j以后,配置文件还是做成日志实现框架自己本身的配置文 件;
a(slf4j+logback): Spring(commons-logging)、Hibernate(jboss-logging)、MyBatis、xxxx 多框架使用的日志不相同
统一日志记录,统一使用slf4j进行输出
解决办法:jcl-over-slf4j.jar(真正的实现slf4j-api.jar)排除并替换其他日志框架
如何让系统中所以的日志输出都统一到slf4j:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starterartifactId>
dependency>
SpringBoot使用它来做日志:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐loggingartifactId>
dependency>
底层依赖关系:
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-eSbm0cWg-1605780851794)(./image/3.日志.png)]
总结:
SpringBoot底层也是使用slf4j和logback的方式进行日志记录
SpringBoot也把其他的日志都替换成了slf4j
中间的替换包
如果我们要引入其他的框架,一定要把这个框架的默认日志依赖移除掉
dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring‐coreartifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>commons‐logginggroupId>
<artifactId>commons‐loggingartifactId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dependency>
SpringBoot能自动适配所以的日志,而且底层使用sjf4j+logback的方式记录日志,引入其他框架的时候,只需要把这个框架依赖的日志框架排除掉即可;
默认配置
SpringBoot默认帮我们配置好了日志;
//记录器
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
//System.out.println();
//日志的级别;
//由低到高 trace
//可以调整输出的日志级别;日志就只会在这个级别以以后的高级别生效
logger.trace("这是trace日志...");
logger.debug("这是debug日志...");
//SpringBoot默认给我们使用的是info级别的,没有指定级别的就用SpringBoot默认规定的级别;root
级别
logger.info("这是info日志...");
logger.warn("这是warn日志...");
logger.error("这是error日志...");
}
日志输出格式:
%d表示日期时间,
%thread表示线程名,
%‐5level:级别从左显示5个字符宽度
%logger{
50} 表示logger名字最长50个字符,否则按照句点分割。
%msg:日志消息,x
%n是换行符
‐‐>
%d{
yyyy‐MM‐dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %‐5level %logger{
50} ‐ %msg%n
SpringBoot修改日志的默认配置
logging.level.cn.starfish=trace
#logging.path=
# 不指定路径在当前项目下生成springboot.log日志
# 可以指定完整的路径;
#logging.file=G:/springboot.log
# 在当前磁盘的根路径下创建spring文件夹和里面的log文件夹;使用 spring.log 作为默认文件
logging.path=/spring/log
# 在控制台输出的日志的格式
logging.pattern.console=%d{
yyyy‐MM‐dd} [%thread] %‐5level %logger{
50} ‐ %msg%n
# 指定文件中日志输出的格式
logging.pattern.file=%d{
yyyy‐MM‐dd} === [%thread] === %‐5level === %logger{
50} ==== %msg%n
Logging.file | Logging.path | example | Description |
---|---|---|---|
(none) | (none) | 只在控制台输出 | |
指定文件 | (none) | My.log | 输出日志到my。log |
(none) | 指定目录 | /var/log | 输出到指定目录的spring。log文件中 |
指定配置
给类路径下放上每个日志框架自己的配置文件即可;SpringBootj就不使用其他默认配置的了
logging system | |
---|---|
logback | logback-spring.groovy , logback.xml or logback.groovy |
Log4j2 | log4j2-spring.xml or log4j2.xml |
Jdk(java.util.logging) | logging.properties |
<springProfile name="staging">
<!‐‐ configuration to be enabled when the "staging" profile is active ‐‐>
可以指定某段配置只在某个环境下生效
springProfile>
可以按照slf4j的日志配图,进行相关的切换
<dendency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐webartifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>logback‐classicartifactId>
<groupId>ch.qos.logbackgroupId>
exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>log4j‐over‐slf4jartifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dendency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>slf4j‐log4j12artifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐webartifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐loggingartifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐log4j2artifactId>
dependency>
使用SpringBoot;
1)、创建SpringBoot应用,选中我们需要的模块;
2)、SpringBoot已经默认将这些场景配置好了,只需要在配置文件中指定少量配置就可以运行起来
3)、自己编写业务代码;
自动配置原理?
这个场景SpringBoot帮我们配置了什么?能不能修改?能修改哪些配置?能不能扩展?xxxx
xxxxAutoConfiguration:帮我们给容器中自动配置组件;
xxxxProperties:配置类来封装配置文件的内容;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware {
//可以设置和静态资源有关的参数,缓存时间等
WebMvcAuotConfiguration:
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
return;
}
Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod();
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
.addResourceLocations(
"classpath:/META‐INF/resources/webjars/")
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
//静态资源文件夹映射
if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
.addResourceLocations(
this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())
.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
}
}
//配置欢迎页映射
@Bean
public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(
ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(),
this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
}
//配置喜欢的图标
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public static class FaviconConfiguration {
private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;
public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
}
@Bean
public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1);
//所 //所有 **/favicon.ico
mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico",
faviconRequestHandler()));
return mapping;
}
@Bean
public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new
ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
requestHandler
.setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations());
return requestHandler;
}
}
所有 /webjars/** ,都去 classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找资源;
webjars:以(maven坐标)或jar包的方式引入静态资源;
<!‐‐引入jquery‐webjar‐‐>在访问的时候只需要写webjars下面资源的名称即可
<dendency>
<groupId>org.webjarsgroupId>
<artifactId>jqueryartifactId>
<version>3.3.1version>
dendency>
“/**”访问当前项目的任何资源。(静态资源的文件夹)
"classpath:/META‐INF/resources/",
"classpath:/resources/",
"classpath:/static/",
"classpath:/public/"
"/":当前项目的根路径
(欢迎页):静态资源文件夹下的所有index.html页面;被“/**”映射;
(图标):所有的**/favicon.ico都是在静态资源文件夹下找;
可以在application.properties通过spring.resources.static-loactions属性修改静态资源路径
JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf
SpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf; 语法更简单,功能更强大;
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐thymeleafartifactId>
dependency>
<!‐‐切换版本‐‐>
<properties>
<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASEthymeleaf.version>
<thymeleaf‐layout‐dialect.version>2.2.2thymeleaf‐layout‐dialect.version>
properties>
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {
private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF‐8");
private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
只要我们把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自动渲染;
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF‐8">
<title>Titletitle>
head>
<body>
<h1>成功!h1>
<!‐‐th:text 将div里面的文本内容设置为 ‐‐>
<div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息div>
body>
html>
Simple expressions:(表达式语法)
Variable Expressions: ${...}:获取变量值;OGNL;
1)、获取对象的属性、调用方法
2)、使用内置的基本对象:
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
${session.foo}
3)、内置的一些工具对象:
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:选择表达式:和${}在功能上是一样;
补充:配合 th:object="${session.user}:
Name: Sebastian.
Surname: Pepper.
Nationality: Saturn.
Message Expressions: #{...}:获取国际化内容
Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定义URL;
@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片段引用表达式
...
Literals(字面量)
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:(文本操作)
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:(数学运算)
Binary operators: + , ‐ , * , / , %
还有比较运算,条件运算(支持三元运算符),特殊操作(_)
[https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.10.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-developing- web-applications](https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.10.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-developing- web-applications)
If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration
class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter
, but without@EnableWebMvc
. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping
, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter
instance providing such components.
Springboot 自动配置好了springMVC
以下是springboot对springMVC的自动配置
ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
and BeanNameViewResolver
beans.
ViewResolver
(视图解析器:根据方法的返回值的到视图对象(View),视图对象·决定如何渲染(重定向?转发?))ContentNegotiatingViewResolver
:组合所以的视图解析器Converter
, GenericConverter
, Formatter
beans.
Converter
:转换器; public String hello(User user):类型转换使用ConverterFormatter
:格式化器;2017.12.17===Date;@Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = “spring.mvc”, name = “date‐format”)//在文件中配置日期格
式化的规则
public Formatter dateFormatter() {
return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化组件
}
自己添加的格式化器,我们只需要放在容器中即可
HttpMessageConverters
(see below).
自己给容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只需要将自己的组件注册容器中 (@Bean,@Component)
MessageCodesResolver
(see below). 定义错误代码生成规则index.html
support.Favicon
support (see below).ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer
bean (see below).我们可以配置一个ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer来替换默认的;(添加到容器)
ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer的作用:
初始化WebDataBinder
请求数据====JavaBean
原有xml配置文件的方式:
<mvc:view‐controller path="/hello" view‐name="success"/>
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
<bean>bean>
mvc:interceptor>
mvc:interceptors>
Springboot现有方式:编写一个配置类(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类型;不能标注@EnableWebMvc
既保留了所有的自动配置,也能用我们扩展的配置
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfigure implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/index").setViewName("success");
}
}
原理:
WebMvcAutoConfiguration
是springmvc的自动配置类‘@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();
public DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration() {
}
@Autowired(
required = false
)
//从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer并赋值到此类的成员变量上
public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
}
}
//一个参考实现:所有的WebMvcConfigurer相关配置都一起调用
protected void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
this.configurers.addInterceptors(registry);
}
效果:springmvc的自动配置和我们自己的扩展配置的都会生效
spring:
mvc:
view:
suffix: .jsp
prefix: /WEB-INF/
@EnableWebMvc: 全部接管springMVC,所有配置都是我们自己配
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfigure implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/index").setViewName("success");
}
}
原理:添加@EnableWebMvc注解后自动配置失效
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({
ElementType.TYPE})
@Documented
@Import({
DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class})
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
}
@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();
public DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration() {
}
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication(
type = Type.SERVLET
)
@ConditionalOnClass({
Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class})
//当容器中没有这个组件的时候,自动配置类才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean({
WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class})
@AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483638)
@AutoConfigureAfter({
DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, ValidationAutoConfiguration.class})
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter
类WebMvcConfigurer
(官方推荐)WebMvcConfigurationSupport
WebMvcConfigurationSupport
的时候自己在application.properties配置的视图映射路径会失效模式:
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
//方式一
/*ViewControllerRegistry@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
}*/
//方式二
@Bean
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter myWebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
return new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
}
};
}
}
步骤:
编写国际化配置文件,抽取页面需要显示的国际化消息
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SpringBoot自动配置好了国际化资源文件的内容
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(
value = {
MessageSource.class},
search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT
)
@AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483648)
@Conditional({
MessageSourceAutoConfiguration.ResourceBundleCondition.class})
@EnableConfigurationProperties
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
private static final Resource[] NO_RESOURCES = new Resource[0];
public MessageSourceAutoConfiguration() {
}
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(
prefix = "spring.messages"
)
@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
MessageSourceProperties properties = this.messageSourceProperties();
ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
if (StringUtils.hasText(properties.getBasename())) {
// 设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码) --> basenae = "messages"//我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下的messages.properties 也可以在application.properties文件中修改spring.messages.basename来修改国际化资源文件的存放位置
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(properties.getBasename())));
}
if (properties.getEncoding() != null) {
messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(properties.getEncoding().name());
}
messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(properties.isFallbackToSystemLocale());
Duration cacheDuration = properties.getCacheDuration();
if (cacheDuration != null) {
messageSource.setCacheMillis(cacheDuration.toMillis());
}
messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(properties.isAlwaysUseMessageFormat());
messageSource.setUseCodeAsDefaultMessage(properties.isUseCodeAsDefaultMessage());
return messageSource;
}
}
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../../../favicon.ico">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstraptitle>
<link href="../../../../dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
head>
<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin">
<img class="mb-4" src="https://getbootstrap.com/assets/brand/bootstrap-solid.svg" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 th:text="#{login.tip}" class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal">Please sign inh1>
<label for="username" th:text="#{login.username}" class="sr-only">Usernamelabel>
<label for="inputPassword" th:text="#{login.password}" class="sr-only">Passwordlabel>
<input type="password" id="inputPassword" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" required>
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"/> [[#{login.remember}]]
label>
div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" th:text="#{login.sign}" type="submit">Sign inbutton>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018p>
form>
body>
html>
效果:根据浏览器的语言的信息切换国际化
原理:
国际化依赖Locale(区域信息对象);LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象(Locale))
SpringBoot会根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化
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<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/login.html(l='zh_CN')}">中文a>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/login.html(l='en_US')}">Englisha>
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
String l = request.getParameter("l");
Locale locale = request.getLocale();
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)) {
String[] split = l.split("_");
locale = new Locale(split[0], split[1]);
}
return locale;
}
@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
}
}
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
return new MyLocaleResolver();
}
}
开发期间模板引擎修改以后,要实时生效
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
登录错误显示错误信息
@Controller
public class UserLoginController {
@PostMapping("/user/login")
public String login(@RequestParam(name="username") String username,
@RequestParam(name = "password") String password, Map<String,Object> map, HttpServletRequest request) {
if ("admin".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {
request.getSession().setAttribute("loginUser",username);
return "redirect:/main.html";
} else {
map.put("msg", "用户名或者密码错误");
return "login";
}
}
}
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}" >p>
package com.example.demo.component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
Object loginUser = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
if (loginUser == null) {
request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限请先登录");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request, response);
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
package com.example.demo.config;
import com.example.demo.component.LoginInterceptor;
import com.example.demo.component.MyLocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
//方式二
@Bean
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter myWebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
return new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
}
};
}
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//addInterceptor() 将自定义拦截器添加到容器中
//addPathPatterns() 添加拦截路径
//excludePathPatterns() 排除无需拦截的路径
registry.addInterceptor(new LoginInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**").excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
}
}
实验要求:
普通CRUD(uri未区分操作) | RestfulCRUD | |
---|---|---|
查询 | getEmp | emp—GET |
添加 | addEmp?xxx | emp—POST |
修改 | updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx | emp/{id}—PUT |
删除 | deleteEmp?id=1 | emp/{id}—DELETE |
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
div>
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}">div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::选择器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
3、默认效果:
insert的公共片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{}:
行内写法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];
模板名::片段名
footer.html -->模板名称为footer
<footer th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>
引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy">div>
引入片段的时候传入参数:
6)、CRUD-员工添加
添加页面
<div th:replace="footer :: copy">div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy">div>
效果
<div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>
div>
<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>
<div>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
div>
============================================
模板名::选择器
footer.html -->模板名footer