This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
Question 1
29. With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to
✔[A] cover the cost of 支付its publication.
[B] subscribe to the journal publishing it.
[C] allow other online journals to use it freely.
[D] complete the peer-review before submission.
Question 2
Please translate the paragraph into Chinese.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some大约 75% of scholarly journals are now online.这种状况现在正在改变。根据OECD的报道,75%的学术期刊现在在网上。↓
根据经合组织的报告,目前已有大约75%的学术刊物可以在线阅读。
Entirely new business models are emerging 形成; three main ones were identified识别,支持 by the report’s authors.
There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for
access to
a collection of
online journal titles
阅读权限 | 一系列 | 电子期刊文章
through site-licensing agreements站点许可协议.全新的商业模式正在形成;三种主要的方式被文章的作者支持。这是所谓的大的处理,长期以来的订阅者通过网站点许可协议付费获得在线期刊标题的收集信息。↓
全新的商业出版模式正在形成。报告的作者提到了三种主要的模式。第一种是所谓的“一揽子捆绑销售”模式,机构订阅用户通过许可协议付费阅读一系列电子期刊。
There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer老板) to pay for the paper to be published.这是公开途径的出版,典型地,被要求通过付费获得文章出版的作者(或者他的导师)所支持。↓
第二种是开放权限式出版,主要依靠作者或其雇主支付论文出版费用。
Finally, there are open-access archives档案, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories储藏室.
最后,有开放权限的档案馆,像大学或者国际间的实验室等组织支持
长期的
机构的储存。↓
第三种是开放权限归档模式,这种模式要求诸如大学或者国际实验室来支持机构知识库。
Other models exist that are hybrids混合 of these three, such as delayed延迟 open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.其他的模式是以上三种的混合体存在,像延迟开放权限,学术期刊在免费给所有想要看的人开放之前,只允许订阅者在首先六个月阅读。↓
其他的模式是以上三种的混合体,即,一些刊物前六个月只允许付费订阅者阅读论文,然后才以免费模式提供给所有想阅读的人。
All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
以上的所有改变了传统同行审阅过程的模式,至少改变了文章的发表。↓
这一切都将改变传统的同行评议出版模式,至少对于论文出版是如此。
逐句解读↓
第一句
This is now changing.
本句译文
这一切正在改变。
第二句
According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online.
句子结构
状:According to the OECD report, 根据经合组织的报告
主:some 75% of scholarly journals 大约75%的学生刊物
系:are 是
表:now online. 目前在线的
本句译文
根据经合组织的报告,目前已有大约75%的学术刊物可以在线阅读。
第三句
[1] Entirely new business models are emerging; [2] three main ones were identified by the report’s authors.
本句为分句[1]与分句[2]构成的并列句
[1] (S+V)
主:Entirely new business models 全新的商业(出版)模式
谓:are emerging; 正在浮现
译文:全新的商业出版模式正在形成
[2] (S+V)
主:three main ones 三种主要的模式
谓:were identified 被阐明
状:by the report’s authors 被报告的作者
译文:报告的作者提到了三种主要的模式
本句译文
全新的商业出版模式正在形成。报告的作者提到了三种主要的模式。
第四句
[1] There is the so-called big deal, [2] where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.
句子结构
[1] 主句(There be)
谓:There is (本句在罗列第一种商业出版模式)
主:the so-called big deal 所谓的“一揽子捆绑销售”(大宗销售)
译文:第一种是所谓的“一揽子捆绑销售”模式
[2] 修饰big-deal的定语从句(S+V+O)
状:where = by which = by this deal 通过这种方式
主:institutional subscribers 机构订阅用户
谓:pay for 购买
宾:access to | a collection of | online journal titles 阅读权限 | 一系列 | 电子期刊文章
状:through site-licensing agreements 通过网络协议许可
译文:机构订阅用户通过许可协议付费阅读一系列电子期刊
本句译文
第一种是所谓的“一揽子捆绑销售”模式,机构订阅用户通过许可协议付费阅读一系列电子期刊。
第五句
There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published.
句子结构(There be)
谓:There is (本句在罗列第二种商业出版模式)
主:open-access publishing, 开放权限式出版
定(修饰主):typically supported 通常被支持(通常支付论文出版费用)
状(修饰supported):by asking | the author (or his employer) | to pay for the paper | to be published. 要求 | 作者(或其雇主)|支付论文费用 | 要出版的
本句译文
第二种是开放权限式出版,主要依靠作者或其雇主支付论文出版费用。
第六句
[1] Finally, there are open-access archives, [2] where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories.
必备词汇
archive n. 档案馆;档案文件;存档
repository n. 知识库;智囊团;仓库
句子结构
[1] 主句(There be)
状:Finally, 最后
谓:there are (本句在罗列第三种商业出版模式)
主:open-access archives, 开放权限归档模式
译文:第三种是开放权限归档模式
[2] 修饰open-access archives的定语从句(S+V+O)
状:where 通过这种模式
主:organizations 组织
同:such as universities or international laboratories 诸如大学或国际实验室
谓:support 支持
宾:institutional repositories. 机构知识库
译文:这种模式要求诸如大学或者国际实验室来支持机构知识库
本句译文
第三种是开放权限归档模式,这种模式要求诸如大学或者国际实验室来支持机构知识库。
第七句
[1] Other models exist [2] that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, [3] where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone [4] who wishes to see it.
必备词汇
hybrid n. 杂交品种;混血儿
句子结构
[1] 主句(S+V)
主:Other models 其他模式
谓:exist 存在
译文:其他的模式
[2] 修饰other models的定语从句(S+LV+P)
引(主):that 其他模式
系:are 是
表:hybrids of these three 以上三种的混合体
同:such as delayed open-access, 例如延迟开放权限模式
译文:其他的模式是以上三种的混合体
[3] 修饰delayed open-access的定语从句(S+V+O+OC)
引(状):where 通过这种模式
主:journals 期刊
谓:allow 允许
宾:only subscribers 仅仅订阅者(付费用户)
补:to read a paper 阅读论文
状:for the first six months 前六个月
状:before making it freely available to everyone 在免费提供给所有人之前
译文:即,一些刊物前六个月只允许付费订阅者阅读论文,然后才以免费模式提供给所有人
[4] 修饰everyone的定语从句(S+V+O)
引(主):who 所有人
谓:wishes 希望
宾:to see it. 阅读论文
译文:想阅读的人
本句译文
其他的模式是以上三种的混合体,即,一些刊物前六个月只允许付费订阅者阅读论文,然后才以免费模式提供给所有想阅读的人。
第八句
All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
句子结构(S+V+O)
主:All this 这一切都
谓:could change 会改变
宾:the traditional form of the peer-review process, 传统的同行评议出版模式
状:at least for the publication of papers. 至少对于论文出版是如此
本句译文
这一切都将改变传统的同行评议出版模式,至少对于论文出版是如此。