Java 使用 HttpClient 发送 Post请求(http与https)

HttpClient是Apache Jakarta Common下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持HTTP协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持HTTP协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient已经应用在很多的项目中，比如Apache Jakarta上很著名的另外两个开源项目Cactus和HTMLUnit都使用了HttpClient。

下载地址: http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi

发送 http 请求

**发送 http 请求 **
package com.zealotpz.demo;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
* Created by zealotpz on 2017/2/9.
*/
public class HttpClientTest {
//设置链接超时和请求超时等参数，否则会长期停止或者崩溃
private static RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(60000).setConnectTimeout(60000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(60000).build();

public static String sendPost(String url, Map params) {
String responseContent = null;
try {
//建立HttpPost对象
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
//建立一个NameValuePair数组，用于存储欲传送的参数
List nvps = new ArrayList();
//遍历参数 map,添加参数
for (String key : params.keySet()) {
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
//参数集合传入到一个UrlEncodedFormEntity中并设置编码
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
//发送Post,并返回一个HttpResponse对象
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
//使用响应对象获取响应实
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
if (httpEntity != null) {
//将响应实体转为字符串
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//返回应答字符串
return responseContent;
}

---

发送 https 请求

**发送 https 请求 **
package com.zealotpz.demo;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.X509HostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
* Created by zealotpz on 2017/2/9.
*/
public class HttpClientTest {
//设置链接超时和请求超时等参数，否则会长期停止或者崩溃
private static RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(60000).setConnectTimeout(60000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(60000).build();

public static String sendHttpsPost(String url, Map params) {
String responseContent = null;
try {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
List nvps = new ArrayList();
for (String key : params.keySet()) {
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(createSSLConnSocketFactory()).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
if (httpEntity != null) {
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, HTTP.UTF_8);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return responseContent;
}

---

创建SSL安全连接

//创建SSL安全连接
private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory createSSLConnSocketFactory() {
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null;
try {
SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {

public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}).build();
sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new X509HostnameVerifier() {

public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
return true;
}

public void verify(String host, SSLSocket ssl) throws IOException {
}

public void verify(String host, X509Certificate cert) throws SSLException {
}

public void verify(String host, String[] cns, String[] subjectAlts) throws SSLException {
}
});
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sslsf;
}
}