Springboot项目中使用redis的配置详解

程序结构:

Springboot项目中使用redis的配置详解_第1张图片

一、配置

 1. 在pom.xml中添加依赖

pom.xml文件如下:



    4.0.0
 
    com.lyy
    redis-test
    0.1-SNAPSHOT
 
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.1.1.RELEASE
        
        
    
 
    
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
        
 
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-data-redis
        
    

其中,spring-boot-starter-web包含springmvc。

2. 配置application.yml

application.yml文件如下:

server:
  port: 11011
  servlet:
    context-path: /api/v1
 
spring:
  redis:
    # Redis数据库索引(默认为0)
    database: 0
    # Redis服务器地址
    host: 127.0.0.1
    # Redis服务器连接端口
    port: 6379
#     Redis服务器连接密码(默认为空)
#    password: 123456

3. 通过配置类,设置redis

RedisConfig类如下:

package com.apollo.config;
 
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
 
/**
 * @author :apollo
 * @since :Created in 2019/2/22
 */
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig {
 
    @Autowired
    private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
 
    /**
     * 自定义springSessionDefaultRedisSerializer对象,将会替代默认的SESSION序列化对象。
     * 默认是JdkSerializationRedisSerializer,缺点是需要类实现Serializable接口。
     * 并且在反序列化时如果异常会抛出SerializationException异常,
     * 而SessionRepositoryFilter又没有处理异常,故如果序列化异常时就会导致请求异常
     */
    @Bean(name = "springSessionDefaultRedisSerializer")
    public GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer getGenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {
        return new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
    }
 
    /**
     * JacksonJsonRedisSerializer和GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer的区别:
     * GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer在json中加入@class属性,类的全路径包名,方便反系列化。
     * JacksonJsonRedisSerializer如果存放了List则在反系列化的时候,
     * 如果没指定TypeReference则会报错java.util.LinkedHashMap cannot be cast。
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
 
        // 使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerialize 替换默认序列化
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer =
                            new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
 
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);
        // 设置value的序列化规则和 key的序列化规则
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
 
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
 
        redisTemplate.setDefaultSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setEnableDefaultSerializer(true);
        redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
        return redisTemplate;
    }
}

二、逻辑代码

1. 程序入口

package com.apollo;
 
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 
/**
 * @author :apollo
 * @since :Created in 2019/2/22
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application  {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

2. 实体类

实体类Animal如下:

package com.apollo.bean;
 
/**
 * @author :apollo
 * @since :Created in 2019/2/22
 */
public class Animal {
    private Integer weight;
    private Integer height;
    private String name;
 
    public Animal(Integer weight, Integer height, String name) {
        this.weight = weight;
        this.height = height;
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    ……这里是get、set方法
}

3. 公共返回类

package com.apollo.common;
 
/**
 * @author :apollo
 * @since :Created in 2019/2/22
 */
public class ApiResult {
    public static final Integer STATUS_SUCCESS = 0;
    public static final Integer STATUS_FAILURE = -1;
 
    public static final String DESC_SUCCESS = "操作成功";
    public static final String DESC_FAILURE = "操作失败";
 
    private Integer status;
    private String desc;
    private Object result;
 
    private ApiResult() {}
 
    private ApiResult(Integer status, String desc, Object result) {
        this.status = status;
        this.desc = desc;
        this.result = result;
    }
 
    //这个方法和Builder设计模式二选一即可,功能是重复的
    public static ApiResult success(Object result) {
        return success(DESC_SUCCESS, result);
    }
 
    //同上
    public static ApiResult success(String desc, Object result) {
        return new ApiResult(STATUS_SUCCESS, desc, result);
    }
 
    //同上
    public static ApiResult failure(Integer status) {
        return failure(status, null);
    }
 
    //同上
    public static ApiResult failure(Integer status, String desc) {
        return failure(status, desc, null);
    }
 
    //同上
    public static ApiResult failure(Integer status, String desc, Object result) {
        return new ApiResult(status, desc, result);
    }
 
    public static Builder builder() {
        return new Builder();
    }
 
    //静态内部类,这里使用Builder设计模式
    public static class Builder {
        private Integer status;
        private String desc;
        private Object result;
 
        public Builder status(Integer status) {
            this.status = status;
            return this;
        }
 
        public Builder desc(String desc) {
            this.desc = desc;
            return this;
        }
 
        public Builder result(Object result) {
            this.result = result;
            return this;
        }
 
        public ApiResult build() {
            return new ApiResult(status, desc, result);
        }
    }
 
    ……这里是get、set方法,这里的方法一定不能少,否则返回时无法将对象序列化
}

4. 请求处理Controller

RedisController类如下:

package com.apollo.controller;
 
import com.apollo.bean.Animal;
import com.apollo.common.ApiResult;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
/**
 * @author :apollo
 * @since :Created in 2019/2/22
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/redis")
public class RedisController {
 
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
 
    /**
     * 测试向redis中添加数据
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping(value = "/{id}")
    public ApiResult addData2Redis(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
 
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("first", id);
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("second", "hello world");
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("third",
                new Animal(100, 200, "二狗子"));
 
        return ApiResult.builder()
                        .status(ApiResult.STATUS_SUCCESS)
                        .desc("添加成功")
                        .build();
    }
 
    /**
     * 测试从redis中获取数据
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/redis-data")
    public ApiResult getRedisData() {
        Map result = new HashMap<>();
        result.put("first", redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("first"));
        result.put("second", redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("second"));
        result.put("third", redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("third"));
 
        return ApiResult.builder()
                .status(ApiResult.STATUS_SUCCESS)
                .desc("获取成功")
                .result(result)
                .build();
    }
}

注意:这里是返回ApiResult对象,需要将返回的对象序列化,所以ApiResult中的get/set方法是必须的,否则会报错:HttpMessageNotWritableException: No converter found for return value of type: class com.apollo.common.ApiResult,找不到ApiResult类型的转换器。

三、测试

1. 测试添加

使用postman请求http://localhost:11011/api/v1/redis/5,返回结果:

{
    "status": 0,
    "desc": "添加成功",
    "result": null
}

登录到redis,使用命令dbsize查看存储的数据量:

数据量为3,对应我们上边程序中的3步操作。

2. 测试获取

使用postman请求http://localhost:11011/api/v1/redis/redis-data,返回结果:

{
    "status": 0,
    "desc": "获取成功",
    "result": {
        "third": {
            "weight": 100,
            "height": 200,
            "name": "二狗子"
        },
        "first": 5,
        "second": "hello world"
    }
}

与我们之前存入的数据对比,是正确的。

四、代码地址

github地址:https://github.com/myturn0/redis-test.git

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