Python实现快速排序(递归、非递归)

简介
快速排序被评为20世纪十大算法之一,最早由图灵奖获得者Tony Hoare设计出来,很牛。。。

基本思想

(摘抄自《大话数据结构》)
快速排序的基本思想是
通过一趟排序将待排记录分割成独立的两部分,其中一部分记录的关键字均比另一部分记录的关键字小,则可分别对这两部分记录继续进行排序,以带到整个序列有序的目的。

Python实现
以下给出Python实现版本,结合打印信息应该就能看明白了。

递归版本

# coding=utf-8

'''递归版本
'''

def swap(lst, left, right):
    lst[left], lst[right] = lst[right], lst[left]


def paritition(lst, left, right):
    key = lst[left]
    while left < right:
        if left < right and key <= lst[right]:
            right = right - 1
        swap(lst, left, right)

        if left < right and lst[left] <= key:
            left = left + 1
        swap(lst, left, right)
    print 'left: {} right: {}'.format(left, right)
    print lst
    return left


def Qsort(lst, left, right):
    piviot = 0
    if left < right:
        piviot = paritition(lst, left, right)
        Qsort(lst, left, piviot - 1)
        Qsort(lst, piviot + 1, right)


def Quicksort(lst):
    Qsort(lst, 0, len(lst) - 1)

l = [1, 20, 3, 50, 40, 70, 23, 100, 23]
Quicksort(l)

Console输出:

left: 0 right: 0
[1, 20, 3, 50, 40, 70, 23, 100, 23]
left: 2 right: 2
[1, 3, 20, 50, 40, 70, 23, 100, 23]
left: 6 right: 6
[1, 3, 20, 23, 40, 23, 50, 100, 70]
left: 3 right: 3
[1, 3, 20, 23, 40, 23, 50, 100, 70]
left: 5 right: 5
[1, 3, 20, 23, 23, 40, 50, 100, 70]
left: 8 right: 8
[1, 3, 20, 23, 23, 40, 50, 70, 100]

非递归版本

'''非递归版本 (区别仅为Qsort方法,使用栈来保存中间结果),python3 执行
'''

def swap(lst, left, right):
    lst[left], lst[right] = lst[right], lst[left]


def paritition(lst, left, right):
    key = lst[left]
    while left < right:
        if left < right and key <= lst[right]:
            right = right - 1
        swap(lst, left, right)

        if left < right and lst[left] <= key:
            left = left + 1
        swap(lst, left, right)
    print('left: {} right: {} lst: {}'.format(left, right, lst))
    return left


def Qsort(lst, left, right):
    piviots = [(left, right)]
    while len(piviots) > 0:
        piviot = piviots.pop(0)
        if piviot[0] < piviot[1]:
            piviot_num = paritition(lst, piviot[0], piviot[1])

            if piviot_num - 1 > piviot[0]:
                piviots.append((piviot[0], piviot_num-1))

            if piviot_num + 1 < piviot[1]:
                piviots.append((piviot_num+1, piviot[1]))


def Quicksort(lst):
    Qsort(lst, 0, len(lst) - 1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    ll = [1, 20, 3, 50, 40, 70, 23, 100, 23]
    Quicksort(ll)

你可能感兴趣的:(Python实现快速排序(递归、非递归))