概述
RecyclerView(一)使用完全指南
RecyclerView(二)之万能分割线
RecyclerView之瀑布流(三)
上一篇讲解了RecyclerView的基本用法,回顾下上一篇文章讲解内容
- 水平列表展示,设置LayoutManager的方向性
- 竖直列表展示,设置LayoutManager的方向性
- 自定义间隔,RecyclerView.addItemDecoration()
- Item添加和删除动画,RecyclerView.setItemAnimator()
关于网格样式和瀑布流样式在本篇会仔细的介绍,细心的同学会发现,自定义间隔在上一篇文章中并没有太过深入,只是介绍了方法的调用时机,但是关于更换间隔样式没有太详细的介绍,是因为列表样式的RecyclerView自定义间隔比较简单,统一放到复杂一点的网格中来讲解。直接进入主题,看看期待已久的网格模式和万能分割线
网格样式
上篇文章中已经了解到,RecyclerView展示的样式是有布局管理器LayoutManager来控制。网格样式的管理器是GridLayoutManager,看一下它最常用的两个构造函数以及参数含义。
GridLayoutManager(Context context, int spanCount)
1.spanCount ,每列或者每行的item个数,设置为1,就是列表样式
2.该构造函数默认是竖直方向的网格样式
GridLayoutManager(Context context, int spanCount, int orientation,boolean reverseLayout)
spanCount,每列或者每行的item个数,设置为1,就是列表样式
网格样式的方向,水平(OrientationHelper.HORIZONTAL[hɒrɪ'zɒnt(ə)l])或者竖直(OrientationHelper.VERTICAL['vɜːtɪk(ə)l])
reverseLayout,是否逆向,true:布局逆向展示,false:布局正向显示
看一下使用。
// 竖直方向的网格样式,每行四个Item
mLayoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(this, 4, OrientationHelper.VERTICAL, false);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);
网格样式已经显示出来了,和之前遇见的问题一样,没有间隔线,非常丑,间隔线必须加,而且要使用自定义,不使用系统自带的。
新建文件md_divider.xml,是一个灰色的矩形。
在styles.xml中的自定义的应用主题里替换掉listdivider属性。
然后继承RecyclerView.ItemDecoration
类,在构造函数里获取自定义的间隔线,复写绘制间隔线的方法。
public class MDGridRvDividerDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{
android.R.attr.listDivider
};
/**
* 用于绘制间隔样式
*/
private Drawable mDivider;
public MDGridRvDividerDecoration(Context context) {
// 获取默认主题的属性
final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
a.recycle();
}
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
// 绘制间隔,每一个item,绘制右边和下方间隔样式
int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
int spanCount = ((GridLayoutManager)parent.getLayoutManager()).getSpanCount();
int orientation = ((GridLayoutManager)parent.getLayoutManager()).getOrientation();
boolean isDrawHorizontalDivider = true;
boolean isDrawVerticalDivider = true;
int extra = childCount % spanCount;
extra = extra == 0 ? spanCount : extra;
for(int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
isDrawVerticalDivider = true;
isDrawHorizontalDivider = true;
// 如果是竖直方向,最右边一列不绘制竖直方向的间隔
if(orientation == OrientationHelper.VERTICAL && (i + 1) % spanCount == 0) {
isDrawVerticalDivider = false;
}
// 如果是竖直方向,最后一行不绘制水平方向间隔
if(orientation == OrientationHelper.VERTICAL && i >= childCount - extra) {
isDrawHorizontalDivider = false;
}
// 如果是水平方向,最下面一行不绘制水平方向的间隔
if(orientation == OrientationHelper.HORIZONTAL && (i + 1) % spanCount == 0) {
isDrawHorizontalDivider = false;
}
// 如果是水平方向,最后一列不绘制竖直方向间隔
if(orientation == OrientationHelper.HORIZONTAL && i >= childCount - extra) {
isDrawVerticalDivider = false;
}
if(isDrawHorizontalDivider) {
drawHorizontalDivider(c, parent, i);
}
if(isDrawVerticalDivider) {
drawVerticalDivider(c, parent, i);
}
}
}
@Override
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
int spanCount = ((GridLayoutManager) parent.getLayoutManager()).getSpanCount();
int orientation = ((GridLayoutManager)parent.getLayoutManager()).getOrientation();
int position = parent.getChildLayoutPosition(view);
if(orientation == OrientationHelper.VERTICAL && (position + 1) % spanCount == 0) {
outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
return;
}
if(orientation == OrientationHelper.HORIZONTAL && (position + 1) % spanCount == 0) {
outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0);
return;
}
outRect.set(0, 0, mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth(), mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight());
}
/**
* 绘制竖直间隔线
*
* @param canvas
* @param parent
* 父布局,RecyclerView
* @param position
* irem在父布局中所在的位置
*/
private void drawVerticalDivider(Canvas canvas, RecyclerView parent, int position) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(position);
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int top = child.getTop() - params.topMargin;
final int bottom = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
final int right = left + mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(canvas);
}
/**
* 绘制水平间隔线
*
* @param canvas
* @param parent
* 父布局,RecyclerView
* @param position
* item在父布局中所在的位置
*/
private void drawHorizontalDivider(Canvas canvas, RecyclerView parent, int position) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(position);
final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child
.getLayoutParams();
final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
final int bottom = top + mDivider.getIntrinsicHeight();
final int left = child.getLeft() - params.leftMargin;
final int right = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin + mDivider.getIntrinsicWidth();
mDivider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDivider.draw(canvas);
}
}
设置RecyclerView的间隔线。
mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new MDGridRvDividerDecoration(this));
运行效果如下图。
关于网格样式的RecyclerView使用大体和列表样式相同,主要在于间隔线的实现上有些不同,来看一下如果真正的使用自定义的间隔线需要做些什么。
实现间隔线样式,可以是xml文件也可以是图片
覆盖应用主题的listdivider属性,使用自定义的间隔线样式
继承RecyclerView.ItemDecoration
类,并实现其中的绘制间隔线方法
设置RecyclerView间隔线样式
关于第三步,实现绘制线的方法,上面的代码提供了一种大体的思路,可以供大家借鉴,下面就让我们看看期待已久的瀑布流样式的列表。
瀑布流样式
RecyclerView的瀑布流布局管理器是taggeredGridLayoutManager,它最常用的构造函数就一个,StaggeredGridLayoutManager(int spanCount, int orientation),spanCount代表每行或每列的Item个数,orientation代表列表的方向,竖直或者水平。
看在代码中的使用。
其实我们发现这样设置分割线,如果换样式的话就太麻烦了,所以给大家找了万能分割线的代码,用的时候直接复制黏贴就可以了,如果技术过硬的话可以分析一下源码,毕竟也不是很难
代码使用方法:
添加水平分割线:高度为2px,颜色为灰色
//水平分割线
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(
ListRecycle.this, DividerItemDecoration.HORIZONTAL_LIST));
添加垂直分割线:高度为2px,颜色为灰色
//垂直分割线
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(
ListRecycle.this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
平+垂直分割线:高度为2px,颜色为灰色
//垂直+水平分割线
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(
ListRecycle.this, DividerItemDecoration.BOTH_SET));
带颜色的分割线
//添加带颜色分割线
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(
ListRecycle.this, DividerItemDecoration.BOTH_SET,5,Color.BLUE));
自定义图片的分割线(图片必须有高度,比如说Xml文件,就可能没设置高度):
//添加图片分割线
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(
ListRecycle.this, DividerItemDecoration.HORIZONTAL_LIST,R.mipmap.ic_launcher));
万能分割线
/**
* 万能分割线
* Created by ChenSS on 2016/9/21.
*/
public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
private Paint mPaint;
//取名mDivider似乎更恰当
private Drawable mDrawable;
//分割线高度,默认为1px
private int mDividerHeight = 2;
//列表的方向
private int mOrientation;
//系统自带的参数
private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{android.R.attr.listDivider};
//水平
public static final int HORIZONTAL_LIST = RecyclerView.HORIZONTAL;
//垂直
public static final int VERTICAL_LIST = RecyclerView.VERTICAL;
//水平+垂直
public static final int BOTH_SET = 2;
/**
* 默认分割线:高度为2px,颜色为灰色
*
* @param context 上下文
* @param orientation 列表方向
*/
public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation) {
this.setOrientation(orientation);
//获取xml配置的参数
final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
//typedArray.getDrawable(attr)这句是说我们可以通过我们的资源获得资源,使用我们的资源名attr去获得资源id
//看不懂就用自己写一个分割线的图片吧,方法:ContextCompat.getDrawable(context, drawableId);
mDrawable = a.getDrawable(0);
//官方的解释是:回收TypedArray,以便后面重用。在调用这个函数后,你就不能再使用这个TypedArray。
//在TypedArray后调用recycle主要是为了缓存。
a.recycle();
}
/**
* 自定义分割线
*
* @param context 上下文
* @param orientation 列表方向
* @param drawableId 分割线图片
*/
public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation, int drawableId) {
this.setOrientation(orientation);
//旧的getDrawable方法弃用了,这个是新的
mDrawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(context, drawableId);
mDividerHeight = mDrawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
}
/**
* 自定义分割线
*
* @param context 上下文
* @param orientation 列表方向
* @param dividerHeight 分割线高度
* @param dividerColor 分割线颜色
*/
public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation,
int dividerHeight, int dividerColor) {
this.setOrientation(orientation);
mDividerHeight = dividerHeight;
Log.e("mDividerHeight", mDividerHeight + "===================");
//抗锯齿画笔
mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
mPaint.setColor(dividerColor);
//填满颜色
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
}
/**
* 设置方向
*
* @param orientation
*/
public void setOrientation(int orientation) {
if (orientation < 0 || orientation > 2)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid orientation");
mOrientation = orientation;
}
/**
* 绘制分割线之后,需要留出一个外边框,就是说item之间的间距要换一下
*
* @param outRect outRect.set(0, 0, 0, 0);的四个参数理解成margin就好了
* @param view 视图
* @param parent 父级view
* @param state
*/
@Override
public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, View view, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
//下面super...代码其实调用的就是那个过时的getItemOffsets,也就是说这个方法体内容也可以通通移到那个过时的getItemOffsets中
super.getItemOffsets(outRect, view, parent, state);
//获取layoutParams参数
RecyclerView.LayoutParams layoutParams = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) view.getLayoutParams();
//当前位置
int itemPosition = layoutParams.getViewLayoutPosition();
//ItemView数量
int childCount = parent.getAdapter().getItemCount();
switch (mOrientation) {
case BOTH_SET:
//获取Layout的相关参数
int spanCount = this.getSpanCount(parent);
if (isLastRaw(parent, itemPosition, spanCount, childCount)) {
// 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部
outRect.set(0, 0, mDividerHeight, 0);
} else if (isLastColum(parent, itemPosition, spanCount, childCount)) {
// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边
outRect.set(0, 0, 0, mDividerHeight);
} else {
outRect.set(0, 0, mDividerHeight, mDividerHeight);
}
break;
case VERTICAL_LIST:
childCount -= 1;
//水平布局右侧留Margin,如果是最后一列,就不要留Margin了
outRect.set(0, 0, (itemPosition != childCount) ? mDividerHeight : 0, 0);
break;
case HORIZONTAL_LIST:
childCount -= 1;
//垂直布局底部留边,最后一行不留
outRect.set(0, 0, 0, (itemPosition != childCount) ? mDividerHeight : 0);
break;
}
}
/**
* 绘制分割线
*
* @param c
* @param parent
* @param state
*/
@Override
public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
super.onDraw(c, parent, state);
if (mOrientation == VERTICAL_LIST) {
drawVertical(c, parent);
} else if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL_LIST) {
drawHorizontal(c, parent);
} else {
drawHorizontal(c, parent);
drawVertical(c, parent);
}
}
/**
* 绘制横向 item 分割线
*
* @param canvas 画布
* @param parent 父容器
*/
private void drawHorizontal(Canvas canvas, RecyclerView parent) {
final int x = parent.getPaddingLeft();
final int width = parent.getMeasuredWidth() - parent.getPaddingRight();
//getChildCount()(ViewGroup.getChildCount) 返回的是显示层面上的“所包含的子 View 个数”。
final int childSize = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childSize; i++) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
RecyclerView.LayoutParams layoutParams =
(RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
//item底部的Y轴坐标+margin值
final int y = child.getBottom() + layoutParams.bottomMargin;
final int height = y + mDividerHeight;
Log.e("height", height + "===================");
if (mDrawable != null) {
//setBounds(x,y,width,height); x:组件在容器X轴上的起点 y:组件在容器Y轴上的起点
// width:组件的长度 height:组件的高度
mDrawable.setBounds(x, y, width, height);
mDrawable.draw(canvas);
}
if (mPaint != null) {
canvas.drawRect(x, y, width, height, mPaint);
}
}
}
/**
* 绘制纵向 item 分割线
*
* @param canvas
* @param parent
*/
private void drawVertical(Canvas canvas, RecyclerView parent) {
final int top = parent.getPaddingTop();
final int bottom = parent.getMeasuredHeight() - parent.getPaddingBottom();
final int childSize = parent.getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childSize; i++) {
final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
RecyclerView.LayoutParams layoutParams = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
final int left = child.getRight() + layoutParams.rightMargin;
final int right = left + mDividerHeight;
if (mDrawable != null) {
mDrawable.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
mDrawable.draw(canvas);
}
if (mPaint != null) {
canvas.drawRect(left, top, right, bottom, mPaint);
}
}
}
/**
* 获取列数
*
* @param parent
* @return
*/
private int getSpanCount(RecyclerView parent) {
int spanCount = -1;
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
spanCount = ((GridLayoutManager) layoutManager).getSpanCount();
} else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) {
spanCount = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
.getSpanCount();
}
return spanCount;
}
private boolean isLastColum(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount,
int childCount) {
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
int orientation = ((GridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
.getOrientation();
if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) {
// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边
if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)
return true;
} else {
childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边
if (pos >= childCount)
return true;
}
} else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) {
int orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
.getOrientation();
if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) {
// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边
if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)
return true;
} else {
childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
// 如果是最后一列,则不需要绘制右边
if (pos >= childCount)
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private boolean isLastRaw(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount,
int childCount) {
int orientation;
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
orientation = ((GridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
.getOrientation();
if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) {
// 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部
childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
if (pos >= childCount)
return true;
} else {// StaggeredGridLayoutManager 横向滚动
// 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部
if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)
return true;
}
} else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) {
orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager)
.getOrientation();
if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) {
// 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部
childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
if (pos >= childCount)
return true;
} else {// StaggeredGridLayoutManager 横向滚动
// 如果是最后一行,则不需要绘制底部
if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
根据王三的猫阿德加以改编