超强Docker+K8S+GitLab+SVN+Jenkins+Harbor+SpringBoot搭建持续集成环境,万字长文太顶了!!(全程实战,建议收藏)

肝了一周的文章,原创不易,全程实战,大家给个一键三连(点赞,评论、收藏)呀,如果有啥问题,可以在文末留言讨论,也可以在CSDN上发私信给我,我看到后都会回复大家。另外,文中涉及的yaml安装文件,大家可以私聊我获取~~

大家好,我是冰河~~

最近在 K8S 1.18.2 版本的集群上搭建DevOps环境,期间遇到了各种坑。目前,搭建环境的过程中出现的各种坑均已被填平,特此记录,并分享给大家!文章有点长,全程实战,建议收藏!!文中涉及的yaml安装文件,大家可以私聊我获取。

服务器规划

IP 主机名 节点 操作系统
192.168.175.101 binghe101 K8S Master CentOS 8.0.1905
192.168.175.102 binghe102 K8S Worker CentOS 8.0.1905
192.168.175.103 binghe103 K8S Worker CentOS 8.0.1905

安装环境版本

软件名称 软件版本 说明
Docker 19.03.8 提供容器环境
docker-compose 1.25.5 定义和运行由多个容器组成的应用
K8S 1.8.12 是一个开源的,用于管理云平台中多个主机上的容器化的应用,Kubernetes的目标是让部署容器化的应用简单并且高效(powerful),Kubernetes提供了应用部署,规划,更新,维护的一种机制。
GitLab 12.1.6 代码仓库(与SVN安装一个即可)
Harbor 1.10.2 私有镜像仓库
Jenkins 2.89.3 持续集成交付
SVN 1.10.2 代码仓库(与GitLab安装一个即可)
JDK 1.8.0_202 Java运行基础环境
maven 3.6.3 构建项目的基础插件

服务器免密码登录

在各服务器执行如下命令。

ssh-keygen -t rsa
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 

将binghe102和binghe103服务器上的id_rsa.pub文件复制到binghe101服务器。

[root@binghe102 ~]# scp .ssh/id_rsa.pub binghe101:/root/.ssh/102
[root@binghe103 ~]# scp .ssh/id_rsa.pub binghe101:/root/.ssh/103

在binghe101服务器上执行如下命令。

cat ~/.ssh/102 >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
cat ~/.ssh/103 >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

然后将authorized_keys文件分别复制到binghe102、binghe103服务器。

[root@binghe101 ~]# scp .ssh/authorized_keys binghe102:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@binghe101 ~]# scp .ssh/authorized_keys binghe103:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys

删除binghe101节点上~/.ssh下的102和103文件。

rm ~/.ssh/102
rm ~/.ssh/103

安装JDK

需要在每台服务器上安装JDK环境。到Oracle官方下载JDK,我这里下的JDK版本为1.8.0_202,下载后解压并配置系统环境变量。

tar -zxvf jdk1.8.0_212.tar.gz
mv jdk1.8.0_212 /usr/local

接下来,配置系统环境变量。

vim /etc/profile

配置项内容如下所示。

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_212
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

接下来执行如下命令使系统环境变量生效。

source /etc/profile

安装Maven

到Apache官方下载Maven,我这里下载的Maven版本为3.6.3。下载后直接解压并配置系统环境变量。

tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz
mv apache-maven-3.6.3-bin /usr/local

接下来,就是配置系统环境变量。

vim /etc/profile

配置项内容如下所示。

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_212
MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.3-bin
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib
PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME CLASS_PATH MAVEN_HOME PATH

接下来执行如下命令使系统环境变量生效。

source /etc/profile

接下来,修改Maven的配置文件,如下所示。

<localRepository>/home/repositorylocalRepository>

将Maven下载的Jar包存储到/home/repository目录下。

安装Docker环境

本文档基于Docker 19.03.8 版本搭建Docker环境。

在所有服务器上创建install_docker.sh脚本,脚本内容如下所示。

export REGISTRY_MIRROR=https://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
dnf install yum*
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
dnf install https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.2.13-3.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum install -y docker-ce-19.03.8 docker-ce-cli-19.03.8
systemctl enable docker.service
systemctl start docker.service
docker version

在每台服务器上为install_docker.sh脚本赋予可执行权限,并执行脚本即可。

安装docker-compose

注意:在每台服务器上安装docker-compose

1.下载docker-compose文件

curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.5/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose 

2.为docker-compose文件赋予可执行权限

chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

3.查看docker-compose版本

[root@binghe ~]# docker-compose version
docker-compose version 1.25.5, build 8a1c60f6
docker-py version: 4.1.0
CPython version: 3.7.5
OpenSSL version: OpenSSL 1.1.0l  10 Sep 2019

安装K8S集群环境

本文档基于K8S 1.8.12版本来搭建K8S集群

安装K8S基础环境

在所有服务器上创建install_k8s.sh脚本文件,脚本文件的内容如下所示。

#配置阿里云镜像加速器
mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
     
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://zz3sblpi.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

#安装nfs-utils
yum install -y nfs-utils
yum install -y wget

#启动nfs-server
systemctl start nfs-server
systemctl enable nfs-server

#关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

#关闭SeLinux
setenforce 0
sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config

# 关闭 swap
swapoff -a
yes | cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_bak
cat /etc/fstab_bak |grep -v swap > /etc/fstab

#修改 /etc/sysctl.conf
# 如果有配置,则修改
sed -i "s#^net.ipv4.ip_forward.*#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1#g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s#^net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables.*#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1#g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s#^net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables.*#net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1#g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s#^net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6.*#net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1#g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s#^net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6.*#net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1#g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s#^net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6.*#net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6=1#g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
sed -i "s#^net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding.*#net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1#g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
# 可能没有,追加
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1"  >> /etc/sysctl.conf
# 执行命令以应用
sysctl -p

# 配置K8S的yum源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
       http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

# 卸载旧版本K8S
yum remove -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

# 安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl,这里我安装的是1.18.2版本,你也可以安装1.17.2版本
yum install -y kubelet-1.18.2 kubeadm-1.18.2 kubectl-1.18.2

# 修改docker Cgroup Driver为systemd
# # 将/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service文件中的这一行 ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
# # 修改为 ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd
# 如果不修改,在添加 worker 节点时可能会碰到如下错误
# [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". 
# Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
sed -i "s#^ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd.*#ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd#g" /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

# 设置 docker 镜像,提高 docker 镜像下载速度和稳定性
# 如果访问 https://hub.docker.io 速度非常稳定,亦可以跳过这个步骤
# curl -sSL https://kuboard.cn/install-script/set_mirror.sh | sh -s ${REGISTRY_MIRROR}

# 重启 docker,并启动 kubelet
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

docker version

在每台服务器上为install_k8s.sh脚本赋予可执行权限,并执行脚本即可。

初始化Master节点

只在binghe101服务器上执行的操作。

1.初始化Master节点的网络环境

注意:下面的命令需要在命令行手动执行。

# 只在 master 节点执行
# export 命令只在当前 shell 会话中有效,开启新的 shell 窗口后,如果要继续安装过程,请重新执行此处的 export 命令
export MASTER_IP=192.168.175.101
# 替换 k8s.master 为 您想要的 dnsName
export APISERVER_NAME=k8s.master
# Kubernetes 容器组所在的网段,该网段安装完成后,由 kubernetes 创建,事先并不存在于物理网络中
export POD_SUBNET=172.18.0.1/16
echo "${MASTER_IP}    ${APISERVER_NAME}" >> /etc/hosts

2.初始化Master节点

在binghe101服务器上创建init_master.sh脚本文件,文件内容如下所示。

#!/bin/bash
# 脚本出错时终止执行
set -e

if [ ${#POD_SUBNET} -eq 0 ] || [ ${#APISERVER_NAME} -eq 0 ]; then
  echo -e "\033[31;1m请确保您已经设置了环境变量 POD_SUBNET 和 APISERVER_NAME \033[0m"
  echo 当前POD_SUBNET=$POD_SUBNET
  echo 当前APISERVER_NAME=$APISERVER_NAME
  exit 1
fi


# 查看完整配置选项 https://godoc.org/k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/apis/kubeadm/v1beta2
rm -f ./kubeadm-config.yaml
cat <<EOF > ./kubeadm-config.yaml
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.18.2
imageRepository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
controlPlaneEndpoint: "${APISERVER_NAME}:6443"
networking:
  serviceSubnet: "10.96.0.0/16"
  podSubnet: "${POD_SUBNET}"
  dnsDomain: "cluster.local"
EOF

# kubeadm init
# 根据服务器网速的情况,您需要等候 3 - 10 分钟
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --upload-certs

# 配置 kubectl
rm -rf /root/.kube/
mkdir /root/.kube/
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config

# 安装 calico 网络插件
# 参考文档 https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.13/getting-started/kubernetes/self-managed-onprem/onpremises
echo "安装calico-3.13.1"
rm -f calico-3.13.1.yaml
wget https://kuboard.cn/install-script/calico/calico-3.13.1.yaml
kubectl apply -f calico-3.13.1.yaml

赋予init_master.sh脚本文件可执行权限并执行脚本。

3.查看Master节点的初始化结果

(1)确保所有容器组处于Running状态

# 执行如下命令,等待 3-10 分钟,直到所有的容器组处于 Running 状态
watch kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide

具体执行如下所示。

[root@binghe101 ~]# watch kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide
Every 2.0s: kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide                                                                                                                          binghe101: Sun May 10 11:01:32 2020

NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP                NODE        NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES          
calico-kube-controllers-5b8b769fcd-5dtlp   1/1     Running   0          118s   172.18.203.66     binghe101   <none>           <none>          
calico-node-fnv8g                          1/1     Running   0          118s   192.168.175.101   binghe101   <none>           <none>          
coredns-546565776c-27t7h                   1/1     Running   0          2m1s   172.18.203.67     binghe101   <none>           <none>          
coredns-546565776c-hjb8z                   1/1     Running   0          2m1s   172.18.203.65     binghe101   <none>           <none>          
etcd-binghe101                             1/1     Running   0          2m7s   192.168.175.101   binghe101   <none>           <none>          
kube-apiserver-binghe101                   1/1     Running   0          2m7s   192.168.175.101   binghe101   <none>           <none>          
kube-controller-manager-binghe101          1/1     Running   0          2m7s   192.168.175.101   binghe101   <none>           <none>          
kube-proxy-dvgsr                           1/1     Running   0          2m1s   192.168.175.101   binghe101   <none>           <none>          
kube-scheduler-binghe101                   1/1     Running   0          2m7s   192.168.175.101   binghe101   <none>           <none>

(2) 查看 Master 节点初始化结果

kubectl get nodes -o wide

具体执行如下所示。

[root@binghe101 ~]# kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION   INTERNAL-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   OS-IMAGE                KERNEL-VERSION         CONTAINER-RUNTIME
binghe101   Ready    master   3m28s   v1.18.2   192.168.175.101   <none>        CentOS Linux 8 (Core)   4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64   docker://19.3.8

初始化Worker节点

1.获取join命令参数

在Master节点(binghe101服务器)上执行如下命令获取join命令参数。

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

具体执行如下所示。

[root@binghe101 ~]# kubeadm token create --print-join-command
W0510 11:04:34.828126   56132 configset.go:202] WARNING: kubeadm cannot validate component configs for API groups [kubelet.config.k8s.io kubeproxy.config.k8s.io]
kubeadm join k8s.master:6443 --token 8nblts.62xytoqufwsqzko2     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1717cc3e34f6a56b642b5751796530e367aa73f4113d09994ac3455e33047c0d 

其中,有如下一行输出。

kubeadm join k8s.master:6443 --token 8nblts.62xytoqufwsqzko2     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1717cc3e34f6a56b642b5751796530e367aa73f4113d09994ac3455e33047c0d 

这行代码就是获取到的join命令。

注意:join命令中的token的有效时间为 2 个小时,2小时内,可以使用此 token 初始化任意数量的 worker 节点。

2.初始化Worker节点

针对所有的 worker 节点执行,在这里,就是在binghe102服务器和binghe103服务器上执行。

在命令分别手动执行如下命令。

# 只在 worker 节点执行
# 192.168.175.101 为 master 节点的内网 IP
export MASTER_IP=192.168.175.101
# 替换 k8s.master 为初始化 master 节点时所使用的 APISERVER_NAME
export APISERVER_NAME=k8s.master
echo "${MASTER_IP}    ${APISERVER_NAME}" >> /etc/hosts

# 替换为 master 节点上 kubeadm token create 命令输出的join
kubeadm join k8s.master:6443 --token 8nblts.62xytoqufwsqzko2     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1717cc3e34f6a56b642b5751796530e367aa73f4113d09994ac3455e33047c0d 

具体执行如下所示。

[root@binghe102 ~]# export MASTER_IP=192.168.175.101
[root@binghe102 ~]# export APISERVER_NAME=k8s.master
[root@binghe102 ~]# echo "${MASTER_IP}    ${APISERVER_NAME}" >> /etc/hosts
[root@binghe102 ~]# kubeadm join k8s.master:6443 --token 8nblts.62xytoqufwsqzko2     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:1717cc3e34f6a56b642b5751796530e367aa73f4113d09994ac3455e33047c0d 
W0510 11:08:27.709263   42795 join.go:346] [preflight] WARNING: JoinControlPane.controlPlane settings will be ignored when control-plane flag is not set.
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING FileExisting-tc]: tc not found in system path
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
[kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.18" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...

This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.

根据输出结果可以看出,Worker节点加入了K8S集群。

注意:kubeadm join…就是master 节点上 kubeadm token create 命令输出的join。

3.查看初始化结果

在Master节点(binghe101服务器)执行如下命令查看初始化结果。

kubectl get nodes -o wide

具体执行如下所示。

[root@binghe101 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
binghe101   Ready    master   20m     v1.18.2
binghe102   Ready    <none>   2m46s   v1.18.2
binghe103   Ready    <none>   2m46s   v1.18.2

注意:kubectl get nodes命令后面加上-o wide参数可以输出更多的信息。

重启K8S集群引起的问题

1.Worker节点故障不能启动

Master 节点的 IP 地址发生变化,导致 worker 节点不能启动。需要重新安装K8S集群,并确保所有节点都有固定的内网 IP 地址。

2.Pod崩溃或不能正常访问

重启服务器后使用如下命令查看Pod的运行状态。

kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

发现很多 Pod 不在 Running 状态,此时,需要使用如下命令删除运行不正常的Pod。

kubectl delete pod <pod-name> -n <pod-namespece>

注意:如果Pod 是使用 Deployment、StatefulSet 等控制器创建的,K8S 将创建新的 Pod 作为替代,重新启动的 Pod 通常能够正常工作。

K8S安装ingress-nginx

注意:在Master节点(binghe101服务器上执行)

1.创建ingress-nginx命名空间

创建ingress-nginx-namespace.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    name: ingress-nginx

执行如下命令创建ingress-nginx命名空间。

kubectl apply -f ingress-nginx-namespace.yaml

2.安装ingress controller

创建ingress-nginx-mandatory.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: default-http-backend
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
    spec:
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
      containers:
        - name: default-http-backend
          # Any image is permissible as long as:
          # 1. It serves a 404 page at /
          # 2. It serves 200 on a /healthz endpoint
          image: registry.cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes_xingej/defaultbackend-amd64:1.5
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 8080
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 5
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
          resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 10m
              memory: 20Mi
            requests:
              cpu: 10m
              memory: 20Mi

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: default-http-backend
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 8080
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: default-http-backend
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: nginx-configuration
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: tcp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: udp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - endpoints
      - nodes
      - pods
      - secrets
    verbs:
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - services
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
    resources:
      - ingresses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - events
    verbs:
      - create
      - patch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
    resources:
      - ingresses/status
    verbs:
      - update

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - pods
      - secrets
      - namespaces
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    resourceNames:
      # Defaults to "-"
      # Here: "-"
      # This has to be adapted if you change either parameter
      # when launching the nginx-ingress-controller.
      - "ingress-controller-leader-nginx"
    verbs:
      - get
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    verbs:
      - create
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - endpoints
    verbs:
      - get

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role-nisa-binding
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: nginx-ingress-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole-nisa-binding
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/port: "10254"
        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
      containers:
        - name: nginx-ingress-controller
          image: registry.cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/kubernetes_xingej/nginx-ingress-controller:0.20.0
          args:
            - /nginx-ingress-controller
            - --default-backend-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/default-http-backend
            - --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-configuration
            - --tcp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/tcp-services
            - --udp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/udp-services
            - --publish-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx
            - --annotations-prefix=nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
          securityContext:
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            # www-data -> 33
            runAsUser: 33
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
            - name: https
              containerPort: 443
          livenessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 1
          readinessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 1

---

执行如下命令安装ingress controller。

kubectl apply -f ingress-nginx-mandatory.yaml

3.安装K8S SVC:ingress-nginx

主要是用来用于暴露pod:nginx-ingress-controller。

创建service-nodeport.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
      protocol: TCP
      nodePort: 30080
    - name: https
      port: 443
      targetPort: 443
      protocol: TCP
      nodePort: 30443
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

执行如下命令安装。

kubectl apply -f service-nodeport.yaml

4.访问K8S SVC:ingress-nginx

查看ingress-nginx命名空间的部署情况,如下所示。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# kubectl get pod -n ingress-nginx
NAME                                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
default-http-backend-796ddcd9b-vfmgn        1/1     Running   1          10h
nginx-ingress-controller-58985cc996-87754   1/1     Running   2          10h

在命令行服务器命令行输入如下命令查看ingress-nginx的端口映射情况。

kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx 

具体如下所示。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx 
NAME                   TYPE        CLUSTER-IP    EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                      AGE
default-http-backend   ClusterIP   10.96.247.2   <none>        80/TCP                       7m3s
ingress-nginx          NodePort    10.96.40.6    <none>        80:30080/TCP,443:30443/TCP   4m35s

所以,可以通过Master节点(binghe101服务器)的IP地址和30080端口号来访问ingress-nginx,如下所示。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# curl 192.168.175.101:30080       
default backend - 404

也可以在浏览器打开http://192.168.175.101:30080 来访问ingress-nginx,如下所示。
在这里插入图片描述

K8S安装gitlab代码仓库

注意:在Master节点(binghe101服务器上执行)

1.创建k8s-ops命名空间

创建k8s-ops-namespace.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: k8s-ops
  labels:
    name: k8s-ops

执行如下命令创建命名空间。

kubectl apply -f k8s-ops-namespace.yaml 

2.安装gitlab-redis

创建gitlab-redis.yaml文件,文件的内容如下所示。

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: redis
  namespace: k8s-ops
  labels:
    name: redis
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: redis
  template:
    metadata:
      name: redis
      labels:
        name: redis
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: redis
        image: sameersbn/redis
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - name: redis
          containerPort: 6379
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/redis
          name: data
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - redis-cli
            - ping
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - redis-cli
            - ping
          initialDelaySeconds: 10
          timeoutSeconds: 5
      volumes:
      - name: data
        hostPath:
          path: /data1/docker/xinsrv/redis

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: redis
  namespace: k8s-ops
  labels:
    name: redis
spec:
  ports:
    - name: redis
      port: 6379
      targetPort: redis
  selector:
    name: redis

首先,在命令行执行如下命令创建/data1/docker/xinsrv/redis目录。

mkdir -p /data1/docker/xinsrv/redis

执行如下命令安装gitlab-redis。

kubectl apply -f gitlab-redis.yaml 

3.安装gitlab-postgresql

创建gitlab-postgresql.yaml,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: postgresql
  namespace: k8s-ops
  labels:
    name: postgresql
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: postgresql
  template:
    metadata:
      name: postgresql
      labels:
        name: postgresql
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: postgresql
        image: sameersbn/postgresql
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
        - name: DB_USER
          value: gitlab
        - name: DB_PASS
          value: passw0rd
        - name: DB_NAME
          value: gitlab_production
        - name: DB_EXTENSION
          value: pg_trgm
        ports:
        - name: postgres
          containerPort: 5432
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql
          name: data
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - pg_isready
            - -h
            - localhost
            - -U
            - postgres
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - pg_isready
            - -h
            - localhost
            - -U
            - postgres
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      volumes:
      - name: data
        hostPath:
          path: /data1/docker/xinsrv/postgresql
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: postgresql
  namespace: k8s-ops
  labels:
    name: postgresql
spec:
  ports:
    - name: postgres
      port: 5432
      targetPort: postgres
  selector:
    name: postgresql

首先,执行如下命令创建/data1/docker/xinsrv/postgresql目录。

mkdir -p /data1/docker/xinsrv/postgresql

接下来,安装gitlab-postgresql,如下所示。

kubectl apply -f gitlab-postgresql.yaml

4.安装gitlab

(1)配置用户名和密码

首先,在命令行使用base64编码为用户名和密码进行转码,本示例中,使用的用户名为admin,密码为admin.1231

转码情况如下所示。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# echo -n 'admin' | base64 
YWRtaW4=
[root@binghe101 k8s]# echo -n 'admin.1231' | base64 
YWRtaW4uMTIzMQ==

转码后的用户名为:YWRtaW4= 密码为:YWRtaW4uMTIzMQ==

也可以对base64编码后的字符串解码,例如,对密码字符串解码,如下所示。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# echo 'YWRtaW4uMTIzMQ==' | base64 --decode 
admin.1231

接下来,创建secret-gitlab.yaml文件,主要是用户来配置GitLab的用户名和密码,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  namespace: k8s-ops
  name: git-user-pass
type: Opaque
data:
  username: YWRtaW4=
  password: YWRtaW4uMTIzMQ==

执行配置文件的内容,如下所示。

kubectl create -f ./secret-gitlab.yaml

(2)安装GitLab

创建gitlab.yaml文件,文件的内容如下所示。

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: k8s-ops
  labels:
    name: gitlab
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: gitlab
  template:
    metadata:
      name: gitlab
      labels:
        name: gitlab
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: gitlab
        image: sameersbn/gitlab:12.1.6
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
        - name: TZ
          value: Asia/Shanghai
        - name: GITLAB_TIMEZONE
          value: Beijing
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_DB_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_SECRET_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_OTP_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: git-user-pass
              key: password
        - name: GITLAB_ROOT_EMAIL
          value: [email protected]
        - name: GITLAB_HOST
          value: gitlab.binghe.com
        - name: GITLAB_PORT
          value: "80"
        - name: GITLAB_SSH_PORT
          value: "30022"
        - name: GITLAB_NOTIFY_ON_BROKEN_BUILDS
          value: "true"
        - name: GITLAB_NOTIFY_PUSHER
          value: "false"
        - name: GITLAB_BACKUP_SCHEDULE
          value: daily
        - name: GITLAB_BACKUP_TIME
          value: 01:00
        - name: DB_TYPE
          value: postgres
        - name: DB_HOST
          value: postgresql
        - name: DB_PORT
          value: "5432"
        - name: DB_USER
          value: gitlab
        - name: DB_PASS
          value: passw0rd
        - name: DB_NAME
          value: gitlab_production
        - name: REDIS_HOST
          value: redis
        - name: REDIS_PORT
          value: "6379"
        ports:
        - name: http
          containerPort: 80
        - name: ssh
          containerPort: 22
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /home/git/data
          name: data
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 80
          initialDelaySeconds: 180
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 80
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      volumes:
      - name: data
        hostPath:
          path: /data1/docker/xinsrv/gitlab
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: k8s-ops
  labels:
    name: gitlab
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      nodePort: 30088
    - name: ssh
      port: 22
      targetPort: ssh
      nodePort: 30022
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    name: gitlab

---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: k8s-ops
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
spec:
  rules:
  - host: gitlab.binghe.com
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: gitlab
          servicePort: http

注意:在配置GitLab时,监听主机时,不能使用IP地址,需要使用主机名或者域名,上述配置中,我使用的是gitlab.binghe.com主机名。

在命令行执行如下命令创建/data1/docker/xinsrv/gitlab目录。

mkdir -p /data1/docker/xinsrv/gitlab

安装GitLab,如下所示。

kubectl apply -f gitlab.yaml

5.安装完成

查看k8s-ops命名空间部署情况,如下所示。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# kubectl get pod -n k8s-ops
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
gitlab-7b459db47c-5vk6t       0/1     Running   0          11s
postgresql-79567459d7-x52vx   1/1     Running   0          30m
redis-67f4cdc96c-h5ckz        1/1     Running   1          10h

也可以使用如下命令查看。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# kubectl get pod --namespace=k8s-ops
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
gitlab-7b459db47c-5vk6t       0/1     Running   0          36s
postgresql-79567459d7-x52vx   1/1     Running   0          30m
redis-67f4cdc96c-h5ckz        1/1     Running   1          10h

二者效果一样。

接下来,查看GitLab的端口映射,如下所示。

[root@binghe101 k8s]# kubectl get svc -n k8s-ops
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                     AGE
gitlab       NodePort    10.96.153.100   <none>        80:30088/TCP,22:30022/TCP   2m42s
postgresql   ClusterIP   10.96.203.119   <none>        5432/TCP                    32m
redis        ClusterIP   10.96.107.150   <none>        6379/TCP                    10h

此时,可以看到,可以通过Master节点(binghe101)的主机名gitlab.binghe.com和端口30088就能够访问GitLab。由于我这里使用的是虚拟机来搭建相关的环境,在本机访问虚拟机映射的gitlab.binghe.com时,需要配置本机的hosts文件,在本机的hosts文件中加入如下配置项。

192.168.175.101 gitlab.binghe.com

注意:在Windows操作系统中,hosts文件所在的目录如下。

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

接下来,就可以在浏览器中通过链接:http://gitlab.binghe.com:30088 来访问GitLab了,如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

此时,可以通过用户名root和密码admin.1231来登录GitLab了。

注意:这里的用户名是root而不是admin,因为root是GitLab默认的超级用户。

在这里插入图片描述

登录后的界面如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

到此,K8S安装gitlab完成。

安装Harbor私有仓库

注意:这里将Harbor私有仓库安装在Master节点(binghe101服务器)上,实际生产环境中建议安装在其他服务器。

1.下载Harbor的离线安装版本

wget https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/download/v1.10.2/harbor-offline-installer-v1.10.2.tgz

2.解压Harbor的安装包

tar -zxvf harbor-offline-installer-v1.10.2.tgz

解压成功后,会在服务器当前目录生成一个harbor目录。

3.配置Harbor

注意:这里,我将Harbor的端口修改成了1180,如果不修改Harbor的端口,默认的端口是80。

(1)修改harbor.yml文件

cd harbor
vim harbor.yml

修改的配置项如下所示。

hostname: 192.168.175.101
http:
  port: 1180
harbor_admin_password: binghe123
###并把https注释掉,不然在安装的时候会报错:ERROR:root:Error: The protocol is https but attribute ssl_cert is not set
#https:
  #port: 443
  #certificate: /your/certificate/path
  #private_key: /your/private/key/path

(2)修改daemon.json文件

修改/etc/docker/daemon.json文件,没有的话就创建,在/etc/docker/daemon.json文件中添加如下内容。

[root@binghe~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
     
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://zz3sblpi.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "insecure-registries":["192.168.175.101:1180"]
}

也可以在服务器上使用 ip addr 命令查看本机所有的IP地址段,将其配置到/etc/docker/daemon.json文件中。这里,我配置后的文件内容如下所示。

{
     
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://zz3sblpi.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
    "insecure-registries":["192.168.175.0/16","172.17.0.0/16", "172.18.0.0/16", "172.16.29.0/16", "192.168.175.101:1180"]
}

4.安装并启动harbor

配置完成后,输入如下命令即可安装并启动Harbor

[root@binghe harbor]# ./install.sh 

5.登录Harbor并添加账户

安装成功后,在浏览器地址栏输入http://192.168.175.101:1180打开链接,如下图所示。

在这里插入图片描述

输入用户名admin和密码binghe123,登录系统,如下图所示

在这里插入图片描述

接下来,我们选择用户管理,添加一个管理员账户,为后续打包Docker镜像和上传Docker镜像做准备。添加账户的步骤如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

此处填写的密码为Binghe123。

点击确定后,如下所示。
在这里插入图片描述

此时,账户binghe还不是管理员,此时选中binghe账户,点击“设置为管理员”。

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

此时,binghe账户就被设置为管理员了。到此,Harbor的安装就完成了。

6.修改Harbor端口

如果安装Harbor后,大家需要修改Harbor的端口,可以按照如下步骤修改Harbor的端口,这里,我以将80端口修改为1180端口为例

(1)修改harbor.yml文件

cd harbor
vim harbor.yml

修改的配置项如下所示。

hostname: 192.168.175.101
http:
  port: 1180
harbor_admin_password: binghe123
###并把https注释掉,不然在安装的时候会报错:ERROR:root:Error: The protocol is https but attribute ssl_cert is not set
#https:
  #port: 443
  #certificate: /your/certificate/path
  #private_key: /your/private/key/path

(2)修改docker-compose.yml文件

vim docker-compose.yml

修改的配置项如下所示。

ports:
      - 1180:80

(3)修改config.yml文件

cd common/config/registry
vim config.yml

修改的配置项如下所示。

realm: http://192.168.175.101:1180/service/token

(4)重启Docker

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker.service

(5)重启Harbor

[root@binghe harbor]# docker-compose down
Stopping harbor-log ... done
Removing nginx             ... done
Removing harbor-portal     ... done
Removing harbor-jobservice ... done
Removing harbor-core       ... done
Removing redis             ... done
Removing registry          ... done
Removing registryctl       ... done
Removing harbor-db         ... done
Removing harbor-log        ... done
Removing network harbor_harbor
 
[root@binghe harbor]# ./prepare
prepare base dir is set to /mnt/harbor
Clearing the configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf
Clearing the configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf
Clearing the configuration file: /config/core/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/core/app.conf
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registry/root.crt
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registryctl/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/registryctl/config.yml
Clearing the configuration file: /config/db/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/jobservice/env
Clearing the configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/log/logrotate.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/nginx/nginx.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/core/env
Generated configuration file: /config/core/app.conf
Generated configuration file: /config/registry/config.yml
Generated configuration file: /config/registryctl/env
Generated configuration file: /config/db/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/env
Generated configuration file: /config/jobservice/config.yml
loaded secret from file: /secret/keys/secretkey
Generated configuration file: /compose_location/docker-compose.yml
Clean up the input dir
 
[root@binghe harbor]# docker-compose up -d
Creating network "harbor_harbor" with the default driver
Creating harbor-log ... done
Creating harbor-db   ... done
Creating redis       ... done
Creating registry    ... done
Creating registryctl ... done
Creating harbor-core ... done
Creating harbor-jobservice ... done
Creating harbor-portal     ... done
Creating nginx             ... done
 
[root@binghe harbor]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                             PORTS

安装Jenkins(一般的做法)

1.安装nfs(之前安装过的话,可以省略此步)

使用 nfs 最大的问题就是写权限,可以使用 kubernetes 的 securityContext/runAsUser 指定 jenkins 容器中运行 jenkins 的用户 uid,以此来指定 nfs 目录的权限,让 jenkins 容器可写;也可以不限制,让所有用户都可以写。这里为了简单,就让所有用户可写了。

如果之前已经安装过nfs,则这一步可以省略。找一台主机,安装 nfs,这里,我以在Master节点(binghe101服务器)上安装nfs为例。

在命令行输入如下命令安装并启动nfs。

yum install nfs-utils -y
systemctl start nfs-server
systemctl enable nfs-server

2.创建nfs共享目录

在Master节点(binghe101服务器)上创建 /opt/nfs/jenkins-data目录作为nfs的共享目录,如下所示。

mkdir -p /opt/nfs/jenkins-data

接下来,编辑/etc/exports文件,如下所示。

vim /etc/exports

在/etc/exports文件文件中添加如下一行配置。

/opt/nfs/jenkins-data 192.168.175.0/24(rw,all_squash)

这里的 ip 使用 kubernetes node 节点的 ip 范围,后面的 all_squash 选项会将所有访问的用户都映射成 nfsnobody 用户,不管你是什么用户访问,最终都会压缩成 nfsnobody,所以只要将 /opt/nfs/jenkins-data 的属主改为 nfsnobody,那么无论什么用户来访问都具有写权限。

这个选项在很多机器上由于用户 uid 不规范导致启动进程的用户不同,但是同时要对一个共享目录具有写权限时很有效。

接下来,为 /opt/nfs/jenkins-data目录授权,并重新加载nfs,如下所示。

chown -R 1000 /opt/nfs/jenkins-data/
systemctl reload nfs-server

在K8S集群中任意一个节点上使用如下命令进行验证:

showmount -e NFS_IP

如果能够看到 /opt/nfs/jenkins-data 就表示 ok 了。

具体如下所示。

[root@binghe101 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.175.101
Export list for 192.168.175.101:
/opt/nfs/jenkins-data 192.168.175.0/24

[root@binghe102 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.175.101
Export list for 192.168.175.101:
/opt/nfs/jenkins-data 192.168.175.0/24

3.创建PV

Jenkins 其实只要加载对应的目录就可以读取之前的数据,但是由于 deployment 无法定义存储卷,因此我们只能使用 StatefulSet。

首先创建 pv,pv 是给 StatefulSet 使用的,每次 StatefulSet 启动都会通过 volumeClaimTemplates 这个模板去创建 pvc,因此必须得有 pv,才能供 pvc 绑定。

创建jenkins-pv.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: jenkins
spec:
  nfs:
    path: /opt/nfs/jenkins-data
    server: 192.168.175.101
  accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
  capacity:
    storage: 1Ti

我这里给了 1T存储空间,可以根据实际配置。

执行如下命令创建pv。

kubectl apply -f jenkins-pv.yaml 

4.创建serviceAccount

创建service account,因为 jenkins 后面需要能够动态创建 slave,因此它必须具备一些权限。

创建jenkins-service-account.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: jenkins

---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: jenkins
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["pods"]
    verbs: ["create", "delete", "get", "list", "patch", "update", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["pods/exec"]
    verbs: ["create", "delete", "get", "list", "patch", "update", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["pods/log"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: jenkins
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: jenkins
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: jenkins

上述配置中,创建了一个 RoleBinding 和一个 ServiceAccount,并且将 RoleBinding 的权限绑定到这个用户上。所以,jenkins 容器必须使用这个 ServiceAccount 运行才行,不然 RoleBinding 的权限它将不具备。

RoleBinding 的权限很容易就看懂了,因为 jenkins 需要创建和删除 slave,所以才需要上面这些权限。至于 secrets 权限,则是 https 证书。

执行如下命令创建serviceAccount。

kubectl apply -f jenkins-service-account.yaml 

5.安装Jenkins

创建jenkins-statefulset.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: jenkins
  labels:
    name: jenkins
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: jenkins
  serviceName: jenkins
  replicas: 1
  updateStrategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
  template:
    metadata:
      name: jenkins
      labels:
        name: jenkins
    spec:
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
      serviceAccountName: jenkins
      containers:
        - name: jenkins
          image: docker.io/jenkins/jenkins:lts
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
            - containerPort: 32100
          resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 4
              memory: 4Gi
            requests:
              cpu: 4
              memory: 4Gi
          env:
            - name: LIMITS_MEMORY
              valueFrom:
                resourceFieldRef:
                  resource: limits.memory
                  divisor: 1Mi
            - name: JAVA_OPTS
              # value: -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseCGroupMemoryLimitForHeap -XX:MaxRAMFraction=1 -XshowSettings:vm -Dhudson.slaves.NodeProvisioner.initialDelay=0 -Dhudson.slaves.NodeProvisioner.MARGIN=50 -Dhudson.slaves.NodeProvisioner.MARGIN0=0.85
              value: -Xmx$(LIMITS_MEMORY)m -XshowSettings:vm -Dhudson.slaves.NodeProvisioner.initialDelay=0 -Dhudson.slaves.NodeProvisioner.MARGIN=50 -Dhudson.slaves.NodeProvisioner.MARGIN0=0.85
          volumeMounts:
            - name: jenkins-home
              mountPath: /var/jenkins_home
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /login
              port: 8080
            initialDelaySeconds: 60
            timeoutSeconds: 5
            failureThreshold: 12 # ~2 minutes
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /login
              port: 8080
            initialDelaySeconds: 60
            timeoutSeconds: 5
            failureThreshold: 12 # ~2 minutes
  # pvc 模板,对应之前的 pv
  volumeClaimTemplates:
    - metadata:
        name: jenkins-home
      spec:
        accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 1Ti

jenkins 部署时需要注意它的副本数,你的副本数有多少就要有多少个 pv,同样,存储会有多倍消耗。这里我只使用了一个副本,因此前面也只创建了一个 pv。

使用如下命令安装Jenkins。

kubectl apply -f jenkins-statefulset.yaml 

6.创建Service

创建jenkins-service.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: jenkins
spec:
  # type: LoadBalancer
  selector:
    name: jenkins
  # ensure the client ip is propagated to avoid the invalid crumb issue when using LoadBalancer (k8s >=1.7)
  #externalTrafficPolicy: Local
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      nodePort: 31888
      targetPort: 8080
      protocol: TCP
    - name: jenkins-agent
      port: 32100
      nodePort: 32100
      targetPort: 32100
      protocol: TCP
  type: NodePort

使用如下命令安装Service。

kubectl apply -f jenkins-service.yaml 

7.安装 ingress

jenkins 的 web 界面需要从集群外访问,这里我们选择的是使用 ingress。创建jenkins-ingress.yaml文件,文件内容如下所示。

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: jenkins
spec:
  rules:
    - http:
        paths:
          - path: /
            backend:
              serviceName: jenkins
              servicePort: 31888
      host: jekins.binghe.com

这里,需要注意的是host必须配置为域名或者主机名,否则会报错,如下所示。

The Ingress "jenkins" is invalid: spec.rules[0].host: Invalid value: "192.168.175.101": must be a DNS name, not an IP address

使用如下命令安装ingress。

kubectl apply -f jenkins-ingress.yaml 

最后,由于我这里使用的是虚拟机来搭建相关的环境,在本机访问虚拟机映射的jekins.binghe.com时,需要配置本机的hosts文件,在本机的hosts文件中加入如下配置项。

192.168.175.101 jekins.binghe.com

注意:在Windows操作系统中,hosts文件所在的目录如下。

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

接下来,就可以在浏览器中通过链接:http://jekins.binghe.com:31888 来访问Jekins了。

物理机安装SVN

这里,以在Master节点(binghe101服务器)上安装SVN为例。

1.使用yum安装SVN

在命令行执行如下命令安装SVN。

yum -y install subversion 

2.创建SVN库

依次执行如下命令。

#创建/data/svn
mkdir -p /data/svn 
#初始化svn
svnserve -d -r /data/svn
#创建代码仓库
svnadmin create /data/svn/test

3.配置SVN

mkdir /data/svn/conf
cp /data/svn/test/conf/* /data/svn/conf/
cd /data/svn/conf/
[root@binghe101 conf]# ll
总用量 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1080 5月  12 02:17 authz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  885 5月  12 02:17 hooks-env.tmpl
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  309 5月  12 02:17 passwd
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4375 5月  12 02:17 svnserve.conf
  • 配置authz文件,
vim authz

配置后的内容如下所示。

[aliases]
# joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average

[groups]
# harry_and_sally = harry,sally
# harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
SuperAdmin = admin
binghe = admin,binghe

# [/foo/bar]
# harry = rw
# &joe = r
# * =

# [repository:/baz/fuz]
# @harry_and_sally = rw
# * = r

[test:/]
@SuperAdmin=rw
@binghe=rw
  • 配置passwd文件
vim passwd

配置后的内容如下所示。

[users]
# harry = harryssecret
# sally = sallyssecret
admin = admin123
binghe = binghe123
  • 配置 svnserve.conf
vim svnserve.conf

配置后的文件如下所示。

### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you
### use it to allow access to this repository.  (If you only allow
### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is
### irrelevant.)

### Visit http://subversion.apache.org/ for more information.

[general]
### The anon-access and auth-access options control access to the
### repository for unauthenticated (a.k.a. anonymous) users and
### authenticated users, respectively.
### Valid values are "write", "read", and "none".
### Setting the value to "none" prohibits both reading and writing;
### "read" allows read-only access, and "write" allows complete 
### read/write access to the repository.
### The sample settings below are the defaults and specify that anonymous
### users have read-only access to the repository, while authenticated
### users have read and write access to the repository.
anon-access = none
auth-access = write
### The password-db option controls the location of the password
### database file.  Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
### this configuration file.
### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
password-db = /data/svn/conf/passwd
### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
### rules for path-based access control.  Unless you specify a path
### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the
### directory containing this file.  The specified path may be a
### repository relative URL (^/) or an absolute file:// URL to a text
### file in a Subversion repository.  If you don't specify an authz-db,
### no path-based access control is done.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
authz-db = /data/svn/conf/authz
### The groups-db option controls the location of the file with the
### group definitions and allows maintaining groups separately from the
### authorization rules.  The groups-db file is of the same format as the
### authz-db file and should contain a single [groups] section with the
### group definitions.  If the option is enabled, the authz-db file cannot
### contain a [groups] section.  Unless you specify a path starting with
### a /, the file's location is relative to the directory containing this
### file.  The specified path may be a repository relative URL (^/) or an
### absolute file:// URL to a text file in a Subversion repository.
### This option is not being used by default.
# groups-db = groups
### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository.
### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should
### have the same password database, and vice versa.  The default realm
### is repository's uuid.
realm = svn
### The force-username-case option causes svnserve to case-normalize
### usernames before comparing them against the authorization rules in the
### authz-db file configured above.  Valid values are "upper" (to upper-
### case the usernames), "lower" (to lowercase the usernames), and
### "none" (to compare usernames as-is without case conversion, which
### is the default behavior).
# force-username-case = none
### The hooks-env options specifies a path to the hook script environment 
### configuration file. This option overrides the per-repository default
### and can be used to configure the hook script environment for multiple 
### repositories in a single file, if an absolute path is specified.
### Unless you specify an absolute path, the file's location is relative
### to the directory containing this file.
# hooks-env = hooks-env

[sasl]
### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL
### library for authentication. Default is false.
### Enabling this option requires svnserve to have been built with Cyrus
### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line
### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.'
# use-sasl = true
### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer
### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means
### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated
### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit
### encryption). The values below are the defaults.
# min-encryption = 0
# max-encryption = 256

接下来,将/data/svn/conf目录下的svnserve.conf文件复制到/data/svn/test/conf/目录下。如下所示。

[root@binghe101 conf]# cp /data/svn/conf/svnserve.conf /data/svn/test/conf/
cp:是否覆盖'/data/svn/test/conf/svnserve.conf'? y

4.启动SVN服务

(1)创建svnserve.service服务

创建svnserve.service文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/svnserve.service

文件的内容如下所示。

[Unit]
Description=Subversion protocol daemon
After=syslog.target network.target
Documentation=man:svnserve(8)

[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/svnserve
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/svnserve --daemon --pid-file=/run/svnserve/svnserve.pid $OPTIONS
ExecStart=/usr/bin/svnserve --daemon $OPTIONS
PrivateTmp=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

接下来执行如下命令使配置生效。

systemctl daemon-reload

命令执行成功后,修改 /etc/sysconfig/svnserve 文件。

vim /etc/sysconfig/svnserve 

修改后的文件内容如下所示。

# OPTIONS is used to pass command-line arguments to svnserve.
# 
# Specify the repository location in -r parameter:
OPTIONS="-r /data/svn"

(2)启动SVN

首先查看SVN状态,如下所示。

[root@itence10 conf]# systemctl status svnserve.service
● svnserve.service - Subversion protocol daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/svnserve.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:svnserve(8)

可以看到,此时SVN并没有启动,接下来,需要启动SVN。

systemctl start svnserve.service

设置SVN服务开机自启动。

systemctl enable svnserve.service

接下来,就可以下载安装TortoiseSVN,输入链接svn://192.168.175.101/test 并输入用户名binghe,密码binghe123来连接SVN了。

物理机安装Jenkins

注意:安装Jenkins之前需要安装JDK和Maven,我这里同样将Jenkins安装在Master节点(binghe101服务器)。

1.启用Jenkins库

运行以下命令以下载repo文件并导入GPG密钥:

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo http://pkg.jenkins-ci.org/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
rpm --import https://jenkins-ci.org/redhat/jenkins-ci.org.key

2.安装Jenkins

执行如下命令安装Jenkis。

yum install jenkins

接下来,修改Jenkins默认端口,如下所示。

vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins

修改后的两项配置如下所示。

JENKINS_JAVA_CMD="/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_212/bin/java"
JENKINS_PORT="18080"

此时,已经将Jenkins的端口由8080修改为18080

3.启动Jenkins

在命令行输入如下命令启动Jenkins。

systemctl start jenkins

配置Jenkins开机自启动。

systemctl enable jenkins

查看Jenkins的运行状态。

[root@itence10 ~]# systemctl status jenkins
● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; generated)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-05-12 04:33:40 EDT; 28s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
    Tasks: 71 (limit: 26213)
   Memory: 550.8M

说明,Jenkins启动成功。

配置Jenkins运行环境

1.登录Jenkins

首次安装后,需要配置Jenkins的运行环境。首先,在浏览器地址栏访问链接http://192.168.175.101:18080,打开Jenkins界面。

在这里插入图片描述

根据提示使用如下命令到服务器上找密码值,如下所示。

[root@binghe101 ~]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
71af861c2ab948a1b6efc9f7dde90776

将密码71af861c2ab948a1b6efc9f7dde90776复制到文本框,点击继续。会跳转到自定义Jenkins页面,如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

这里,可以直接选择“安装推荐的插件”。之后会跳转到一个安装插件的页面,如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

此步骤可能有下载失败的情况,可直接忽略。

2.安装插件

需要安装的插件

  • Kubernetes Cli Plugin:该插件可直接在Jenkins中使用kubernetes命令行进行操作。

  • Kubernetes plugin: 使用kubernetes则需要安装该插件

  • Kubernetes Continuous Deploy Plugin:kubernetes部署插件,可根据需要使用

还有更多的插件可供选择,可点击 系统管理->管理插件进行管理和添加,安装相应的Docker插件、SSH插件、Maven插件。其他的插件可以根据需要进行安装。如下图所示。

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

3.配置Jenkins

(1)配置JDK和Maven

在Global Tool Configuration中配置JDK和Maven,如下所示,打开Global Tool Configuration界面。

在这里插入图片描述

接下来就开始配置JDK和Maven了。

由于我在服务器上将Maven安装在/usr/local/maven-3.6.3目录下,所以,需要在“Maven 配置”中进行配置,如下图所示。
在这里插入图片描述

接下来,配置JDK,如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

注意:不要勾选“Install automatically”

接下来,配置Maven,如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

注意:不要勾选“Install automatically”

(2)配置SSH

进入Jenkins的Configure System界面配置SSH,如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

找到 SSH remote hosts 进行配置。

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

配置完成后,点击Check connection按钮,会显示 Successfull connection。如下所示。

在这里插入图片描述

至此,Jenkins的基本配置就完成了。

Jenkins发布Docker项目到K8s集群

1.调整SpringBoot项目的配置

实现,SpringBoot项目中启动类所在的模块的pom.xml需要引入打包成Docker镜像的配置,如下所示。

  <properties>
  	 	<docker.repostory>192.168.175.101:1180docker.repostory>
        <docker.registry.name>testdocker.registry.name>
        <docker.image.tag>1.0.0docker.image.tag>
        <docker.maven.plugin.version>1.4.10docker.maven.plugin.version>
  properties>

<build>
  		<finalName>test-starterfinalName>
		<plugins>
            <plugin>
			    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
			    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
			plugin>
			
			
			
			<plugin>
			    <groupId>com.spotifygroupId>
			    <artifactId>dockerfile-maven-pluginartifactId>
			    <version>${docker.maven.plugin.version}version>
			    <executions>
			        <execution>
			        <id>defaultid>
			        <goals>
			            
			            <goal>buildgoal>
			            <goal>pushgoal>
			        goals>
			        execution>
			    executions>
			    <configuration>
			    	<contextDirectory>${project.basedir}contextDirectory>
			        
			        <useMavenSettingsForAuth>useMavenSettingsForAuth>trueuseMavenSettingsForAuth>
			        <repository>${docker.repostory}/${docker.registry.name}/${project.artifactId}repository>
			        <tag>${docker.image.tag}tag>
			        <buildArgs>
			            <JAR_FILE>target/${project.build.finalName}.jarJAR_FILE>
			        buildArgs>
			    configuration>
			plugin>

        plugins>
        
		<resources>
			
			<resource>
				<directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
				<targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classestargetPath>
				<includes>
					<include>**/*include>
				includes>
				<filtering>truefiltering>
			resource>
		resources>
	build>

接下来,在SpringBoot启动类所在模块的根目录创建Dockerfile,内容示例如下所示。

#添加依赖环境,前提是将Java8的Docker镜像从官方镜像仓库pull下来,然后上传到自己的Harbor私有仓库中
FROM 192.168.175.101:1180/library/java:8
#指定镜像制作作者
MAINTAINER binghe
#运行目录
VOLUME /tmp
#将本地的文件拷贝到容器
ADD target/*jar app.jar
#启动容器后自动执行的命令
ENTRYPOINT [ "java", "-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom", "-jar", "/app.jar" ]

根据实际情况,自行修改。

注意:FROM 192.168.175.101:1180/library/java:8的前提是执行如下命令。

docker pull java:8
docker tag java:8 192.168.175.101:1180/library/java:8
docker login 192.168.175.101:1180
docker push 192.168.175.101:1180/library/java:8

在SpringBoot启动类所在模块的根目录创建yaml文件,录入叫做test.yaml文件,内容如下所示。

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: test-starter
  labels:
    app: test-starter
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: test-starter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: test-starter
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: test-starter
        image: 192.168.175.101:1180/test/test-starter:1.0.0
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8088
      nodeSelector:
        clustertype: node12

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: test-starter
  labels:
    app: test-starter
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 8088
      nodePort: 30001
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: test-starter

2.Jenkins配置发布项目

将项目上传到SVN代码库,例如地址为svn://192.168.175.101/test

接下来,在Jenkins中配置自动发布。步骤如下所示。

点击新建Item。

在描述文本框中输入描述信息。

接下来,配置SVN信息。

注意:配置GitLab的步骤与SVN相同,不再赘述。

定位到Jenkins的“构建模块”,使用Execute Shell来构建发布项目到K8S集群。

执行的命令依次如下所示。

#删除本地原有的镜像,不会影响Harbor仓库中的镜像
docker rmi 192.168.175.101:1180/test/test-starter:1.0.0
#使用Maven编译、构建Docker镜像,执行完成后本地Docker容器中会重新构建镜像文件
/usr/local/maven-3.6.3/bin/mvn -f ./pom.xml clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true
#登录 Harbor仓库
docker login 192.168.175.101:1180 -u binghe -p Binghe123
#上传镜像到Harbor仓库
docker push 192.168.175.101:1180/test/test-starter:1.0.0
#停止并删除K8S集群中运行的
/usr/bin/kubectl delete -f test.yaml
#将Docker镜像重新发布到K8S集群
/usr/bin/kubectl apply -f test.yaml

最后,文中涉及的yaml安装文件,大家可以私聊我获取。

原创不易,大家给个一键三连(点赞,评论、收藏)呀,如果有啥问题,可以在文末留言讨论,也可以在CSDN上发私信给我,我看到后都会回复大家。好了,今天就到这儿吧,我是冰河,我们下期见~~

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