简单的docker-conpose编写介绍（包含 nginx+tomcat 实例演示）

一、docker compose常用命令

字段	描述
build	重新构建服务
ps	列出容器
up	创建和启动容器
exec	在容器里面执行命令
scale	指定一个服务容器启动数量
top	显示容器进程
logs	查看容器输出
down	删除容器、网络、数据卷和镜像
stop/start/restart	停止/启动/重启服务

二、docker compose配置常用字段

字段	描述
build docker context	指定Dockerfile文件名构建镜像上下文路径
image	指定镜像
command	执行命令，覆盖默认命令
container_name	指定容器名称，由于容器名称是唯一的，如果指定自定义名称，则无法scale
environment	添加环境变量
networks	加入网络
ports	暴露容器端口，与-p相同，但不能低于60
volumes	挂载宿主机路径或命令卷
restart	重启策略，默认no，always，no-failure，unless-stoped
hostname	容器主机名

三、docker compose 演示（tomcat+nginx）

1、dockerfile撰写 nginx 镜像

FROM centos:7.4.1708
ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /opt
RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ make \
    && useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx \
    && cd /opt/nginx-1.12.0/ \
    && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-file-aio --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_ssl_module \
    && make \
    && make install \
    && ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx \
    && echo -e "events {\nuse epoll;\nworker_connections  1024;\n}\nhttp {\nupstream tomcat_server {\nserver 172.17.0.3:8080 weight=1;\n}\nserver_tokens on;\nserver {\nlisten       80;\nserver_name  localhost;\nlocation ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css)\$ {\nroot /usr/local/nginx/html/xxx;\nexpires 10d;\n}\nlocation / {\nroot   html;\nindex  index.html index.htmi index.php;\n}\nerror_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;\nlocation = /50x.html {\nroot   html;\n}\nlocation ~ .*.jsp\$ {\nproxy_pass http://tomcat_server;\nproxy_set_header HOST \$host;\nproxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr;\nproxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n}\n}\n}" > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx/
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

2、dockerfile撰写 tomcat 镜像

FROM centos:7.4.1708
ADD jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local
ADD apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz /usr/local
RUN mv /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_91 /usr/local/java  && mv /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat
ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/local/java
ENV JAVA_BIN /usr/local/java/bin
ENV JRE_HOME /usr/local/java/jre
ENV CLASSPATH /usr/local/java/jre/bin:/usr/local/java/lib:/usr/local/java/jre/lib/charsets.jar
ENV PATH $JAVA_BIN:/usr/local/java/jre/bin:$PATH 
RUN mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/lucien \
    && echo -e "<%@ page language=\"java\" import=\"java.util.*\" pageEncoding=\"UTF-8\"%>\n\n\n\n\n\n<% out.println(\"123456\");%>\n\n" > /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/lucien/index.jsp \
    && sed -i '71a ' /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml \
    && sed -i '72a '  /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml \
    && sed -i '73a '  /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml \
    && sed -i '74a '  /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml 
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]

3、撰写docker compose.yml文件

version: '3'
networks:
  lnmp:
    external: true
services:
  tomcat:
    hostname: tomcat
    build:
      context: ./tomcat
      dockerfile: dockerfile
    ports:
      - 8080:8080
    networks:
      lnmp:
        ipv4_address: 172.168.184.100
  nginx:
    hostname: nginx
    build:
      context: ./nginx
      dockerfile: dockerfile
    ports:
      - 80:80
    networks:
      lnmp:
        ipv4_address: 172.168.184.50

4、开启，并查看运行状态

5、进行网页测试（分别输入192.168.184.70、192.168.184.70:8080/192.168.184.70/lucien/index.jsp）