本文链接:http://codingstandards.iteye.com/blog/792239 (转载请注明出处)
现在常用的压缩文件格式是rar格式,使用频率甚至超过了zip格式,WinRAR可以压缩和解压rar文件。根据Google趋势的统计,winrar与winzip的全球平均访问量是1.00比0.43(点此看趋势记录 ),而中国范围的访问量更是1.00比0.14(点此看趋势记录 )。而Linux一般情况下是不能解压rar文件的,有一种变通的方法,就是先用WinRAR将rar格式的压缩包转换成zip包,然后上传至Linux使用unzip解压。如果安装了rarlinux,就使得在Linux下直接解压rar文件成为可能,要注意的是该软件的某个版本可能并不适用于所有Linux版本。可以到WinRAR官方网站去下载rarlinux,当前版本是3.9.3。本文后面也提供了三个版本的rarlinux,一个是3.0,一个是3.6.0,一个是3.9.3。经过我的测试,3.6.0版本可以用于RHEL3.X版本,但3.9.3不行,只能用于更高版本的Linux,而3.0版本可以用于红帽子7.3。而根据rarlinux安装包中的technote.txt中所说“THE ARCHIVE FORMAT DESCRIBED BELOW IS ONLY VALID FOR VERSIONS SINCE 1.50”,其实只要rarlinux版本高于1.50就可解压绝大部分rar文件。因此,如果要在Linux下使用rar,可以试一下本文后面附上的3.0版。
rarlinux的安装很简单,只需要解压就可以了。为了使用起来方便,可以将解压后的目录添加到PATH中,方便使用。
首先将rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz上传到Linux的某个目录。
[root@localhost setup]# ls -l rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 502784 10月 19 09:45 rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost setup]# tar -C /opt -zxf rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost setup]# PATH=/opt/rar:$PATH
使用-?参数可以查看帮助信息,x参数用于解压文件, t参数用于测试是否损坏,l参数用于列出文件。
unrar -? <== 获取帮助
unrar x <rar-file> <== 解压文件
unrar t <rar-file> <== 测试文件
unrar l <rar-file> <== 列出文件
下面是完整的使用方式,太复杂了,上面的几种用法基本上就够了。
[root@localhost setup]# unrar -?
UNRAR 3.00 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2002 Eugene Roshal
Usage: unrar <command> -<switch 1> -<switch N> <archive> <files...>
<@listfiles...> <path_to_extract\>
<Commands>
e Extract files to current directory
l[t] List archive [technical]
p Print file to stdout
t Test archive files
v[t] Verbosely list archive [technical]
x Extract files with full path
<Switches>
- Stop switches scanning
ad Append archive name to destination path
ap<path> Set path inside archive
av- Disable authenticity verification check
c- Disable comments show
cfg- Disable read configuration
cl Convert names to lower case
cu Convert names to upper case
ep Exclude paths from names
f Freshen files
idp Disable percentage display
ierr Send all messages to stderr
inul Disable all messages
kb Keep broken extracted files
o+ Overwrite existing files
o- Do not overwrite existing files
ow Save or restore file owner and group
p[password] Set password
p- Do not query password
r Recurse subdirectories
ta<date> Process files modified after <date> in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format
tb<date> Process files modified before <date> in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format
tn<time> Process files newer than <time>
to<time> Process files older than <time>
u Update files
v Create volumes with size autodetection or list all volumes
ver[n] File version control
vp Pause before each volume
x<file> Exclude specified file
x@ Read file names to exclude from stdin
x@<list> Exclude files in specified list file
y Assume Yes on all queries
[root@localhost setup]#
假定你已经安装前面所述的安装方式操作过了。首先把一个rar文件上传到某个目录。比如把add2cvs.rar上传到/root/test/目录中。
[root@localhost test]# ls -l
total 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 944 10月 19 11:20 add2cvs.rar
[root@localhost test]# unrar t add2cvs.rar
UNRAR 3.00 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2002 Eugene Roshal
Testing archive add2cvs.rar
Testing add2cvs2.sh OK
Testing add2cvs.sh OK
Testing add2cvs0.sh OK
Testing add2cvs1.sh OK
All OK
[root@localhost test]# unrar l add2cvs.rar
UNRAR 3.00 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2002 Eugene Roshal
Archive add2cvs.rar
Name Size Packed Ratio Date Time Attr CRC Meth Ver
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
add2cvs2.sh 302 192 63% 22-10-10 11:32 .....A C7EA31AB m3b 2.9
add2cvs.sh 314 204 64% 22-10-10 11:30 .....A 4F875213 m3b 2.9
add2cvs0.sh 236 158 66% 22-10-10 11:32 .....A 0441BC49 m3b 2.9
add2cvs1.sh 281 184 65% 22-10-10 11:32 .....A 13C47824 m3b 2.9
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 1133 738 65%
[root@localhost test]# unrar x add2cvs.rar
UNRAR 3.00 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2002 Eugene Roshal
Extracting from add2cvs.rar
Extracting add2cvs2.sh OK
Extracting add2cvs.sh OK
Extracting add2cvs0.sh OK
Extracting add2cvs1.sh OK
All OK
[root@localhost test]# ls -l
total 5
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 236 10月 22 2010 add2cvs0.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 281 10月 22 2010 add2cvs1.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 302 10月 22 2010 add2cvs2.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 944 10月 19 11:20 add2cvs.rar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 314 10月 22 2010 add2cvs.sh
[root@localhost test]#
rarlinux版本3.9.3的rar_static可以用于RHEL 5.5,但rar和unrar缺少相关的so文件,因为libc版本要求高。
[root@rhel55 rar]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)
Release: 5.5
Codename: Tikanga
[root@rhel55 tools]# ls -l rarlinux.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 833828 10-23 15:52 rarlinux.tar.gz
[root@rhel55 tools]# tar zxf rarlinux.tar.gz
[root@rhel55 tools]# cd rar
[root@rhel55 rar]# ls
default.sfx makefile rar rar_static readme.txt unrar
license.txt order.htm rarfiles.lst rar.txt technote.txt whatsnew.txt
[root@rhel55 rar]# ./rar
./rar: /lib/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.7' not found (required by ./rar)
[root@rhel55 rar]# ./unrar
./unrar: /lib/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.7' not found (required by ./unrar)
[root@rhel55 rar]# ./rar_static
RAR 3.93 Copyright (c) 1993-2010 Alexander Roshal 15 Mar 2010
Shareware version Type RAR -? for help
Usage: rar <command> -<switch 1> -<switch N> <archive> <files...>
<@listfiles...> <path_to_extract\>
省略输出
[root@rhel55 rar]#
rarlinux版本3.9.3在RHEL3.4下出现段错误,根本没法用。
[root@web186 setup]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: 1.3
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseAS
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 3 (Taroon Update 4)
Release: 3
Codename: TaroonUpdate4
[root@web186 setup]# ls rarlinux.tar.gz -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 833828 10月 23 15:59 rarlinux.tar.gz
[root@web186 setup]# tar zxf rarlinux.tar.gz
[root@web186 setup]# cd rar
[root@web186 rar]# ls
default.sfx makefile rar rar_static readme.txt unrar
license.txt order.htm rarfiles.lst rar.txt technote.txt whatsnew.txt
[root@web186 rar]# ./rar
./rar: /lib/tls/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.4' not found (required by ./rar)
./rar: /lib/tls/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.7' not found (required by ./rar)
./rar: /lib/tls/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.3.4' not found (required by ./rar)
[root@web186 rar]# ./unrar
./unrar: /lib/tls/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.4' not found (required by ./unrar)
./unrar: /lib/tls/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.7' not found (required by ./unrar)
./unrar: /lib/tls/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.3.4' not found (required by ./unrar)
[root@web186 rar]# ./rar_static
FATAL: kernel too old
段错误 (core dumped)
[root@web186 rar]#
博主建议:如果您使用的rarlinux版本报如上的错误信息,请下载本文附件 rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz 尝试一下。
rarlinux版本3.6.0在RHEL3.4下可以正常使用。
[root@web186 setup]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: 1.3
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseAS
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 3 (Taroon Update 4)
Release: 3
Codename: TaroonUpdate4
[root@web186 setup]# ls rarlinux-3.6.0.tar.gz -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 752997 10月 23 16:04 rarlinux-3.6.0.tar.gz
[root@web186 setup]# tar zxf rarlinux-3.6.0.tar.gz
[root@web186 setup]# cd rar
[root@web186 rar]# ls
default.sfx license.txt order.htm rarfiles.lst rar.txt technote.txt whatsnew.txt
file_id.diz Makefile rar rar_static readme.txt unrar
[root@web186 rar]# ./rar
RAR 3.60 Copyright (c) 1993-2006 Alexander Roshal 5 Aug 2006
Shareware version Type RAR -? for help
省略输出
[root@web186 rar]#
[root@web186 rar]# ./unrar
UNRAR 3.60 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2006 Alexander Roshal
省略输出
[root@web186 rar]#
rarlinux版本3.6.0的rar_static可以使用,但rar和unrar因为libstdc++版本要求高不能使用。
[root@localhost setup]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Linux release 7.3 (Valhalla)
[root@localhost setup]# ls -l rarlinux-3.6.0.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 752997 10月 19 08:32 rarlinux-3.6.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost setup]# tar zxf rarlinux-3.6.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost setup]# cd rar
[root@localhost rar]# ls
default.sfx license.txt order.htm rarfiles.lst rar.txt technote.txt whatsnew.txt
file_id.diz Makefile rar rar_static readme.txt unrar
[root@localhost rar]# ./rar
./rar: error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@localhost rar]# ./unrar
./unrar: error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@localhost rar]# ./rar_static
RAR 3.60 Copyright (c) 1993-2006 Alexander Roshal 5 Aug 2006
Shareware version Type RAR -? for help
Usage: rar <command> -<switch 1> -<switch N> <archive> <files...>
<@listfiles...> <path_to_extract\>
省略输出
[root@localhost rar]#
rarlinux版本3.0可以用于红帽子7.3。
[root@localhost setup]# ls -l rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 502784 10月 19 09:45 rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost setup]# tar zxf rarlinux-3.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost setup]# cd rar
[root@localhost rar]# ls
default.sfx license.txt order.txt rar_faq.txt rar_site.txt readme.txt rereg.txt unrar
file_id.diz Makefile rar rarfiles.lst rar.txt register.txt technote.txt whatsnew.txt
[root@localhost rar]# ./rar
RAR 3.00 Copyright (c) 1993-2002 Eugene Roshal 14 May 2002
Shareware version Type RAR -? for help
省略输出
[root@localhost rar]#
将安装文件压缩包rarlinux-x.y.tar.gz解压之后,进入rar目录,执行make命令。执行文件将会安装到 /usr/local/bin 下。
[root@liunx0918 tmp]# cd rar
[root@liunx0918 rar]# ls
default.sfx license.txt order.txt rar_faq.txt rar_site.txt readme.txt rereg.txt unrar
file_id.diz Makefile rar rarfiles.lst rar.txt register.txt technote.txt whatsnew.txt
[root@liunx0918 rar]# cat Makefile
###################################################################
# Installing RAR executables, configuration files and SFX modules #
# to appropriate directories #
###################################################################
PREFIX=/usr/local
install:
cp rar unrar $(PREFIX)/bin
cp rarfiles.lst /etc
cp default.sfx $(PREFIX)/lib
[root@liunx0918 rar]# make
cp rar unrar /usr/local/bin
cp rarfiles.lst /etc
cp default.sfx /usr/local/lib
[root@liunx0918 rar]#
1. 怎样使用unrar将文件解压到指定目录?
【1】WinRAR官方站点 Welcome to RARLAB, home of WinRAR and RAR archivers
【2】愚人码头 Linux系统中rar、unrar命令安装和使用详解
【3】尛样儿 Linux下使用unrar解压RAR包