Android入门:监听ContentProvider数据改变


一、监听ContentProvider主要步骤


1.在ContentProvider类的insert\update\delete方法加入this.getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(URI,null);
其中URI表示监听的URI
null表示发送消息给任何人;

2.在访问者的类中调用如下方法:
context.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(uri,true,new ContentObserver(new Handler()));

3.创建内部类继承ContentObserver并重写下面两个方法:
(1)带有Handler的构造函数;
(2)public void onChange(boolean selfChange); 此函数在内容提供者发出改变信号时就会被调用
参数selfChange为如果是自己改变的原因,则为true;如果不是自己改变的,则为false;


二、实例



Android入门:监听ContentProvider数据改变_第1张图片

我们在Test1和Test2应用都对ContentProvider的数据改变进行注册,如果ContentProvider发出通知,则Test1和Test2都会收到通知;
注意:此处有一个很重要的问题,如果Test1和Test2应用的MainActivity为同一个包,则如果先运行Test2,再运行Test1,则Test2会停止运行,因为Test1应用会覆盖Test2的应用,即接收不到通知;
因此我们要把Test1应用和Test2应用的包名设为不同,此处为org.xiazdong和org.xzdong;


ContentProvider.java

package org.xiazdong.db;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;

public class PersonProvider extends ContentProvider{
	private DatabaseHelper helper;
	private SQLiteDatabase db;
	private UriMatcher matcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
	@Override
	public boolean onCreate() {
		helper = new DatabaseHelper(this.getContext());
		matcher.addURI("org.xiazdong.provides.personprovider", "person", 1);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
			String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
		return null;
	}
	/*
	 * 如果操作集合,则必须以vnd.android.cursor.dir开头
	 * 如果操作非集合,则必须以vnd.android.cursor.item开头
	 * */
	@Override
	public String getType(Uri uri) {
		return "";
	}
	@Override
	public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
		db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
		switch(matcher.match(uri)){
		case 1:
			long rowid = db.insert("person", null, values);
			this.getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);//如果改变数据,则通知所有人
			return ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, rowid);	//返回插入的记录所代表的URI
		default:
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("wrong uri");
		}
	}
	@Override
	public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
		return 0;
	}
	@Override
	public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
			String[] selectionArgs) {
		return 0;
	}
}


Test1应用

package org.xiazdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.ContentObserver;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private Button button;
	private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener(){

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			ContentResolver resolver = MainActivity.this.getContentResolver();
			Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://org.xiazdong.provider2/person");
			resolver.registerContentObserver(uri, true, new PersonObserver(new Handler()));
			ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
			values.put("name", "zzz");
			values.put("age", 1);
			resolver.insert(uri, values);	//向ContentProvider插入数据
		}
	};
	@Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(listener);
    }
	private class PersonObserver extends ContentObserver{//监听
		public PersonObserver(Handler handler) {
			super(handler);
		}
		//当ContentProvier数据发生改变,则触发该函数
		@Override
		public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
			super.onChange(selfChange);
			Log.i("Test1", "数据改变");
		}
    }
}

Test2应用

package org.xzdong;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.database.ContentObserver;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://org.xiazdong.provider2/person");
        this.getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(uri, true, new PersonObserver(new Handler()));
    }
    private class PersonObserver extends ContentObserver{

		public PersonObserver(Handler handler) {
			super(handler);
		}
		//当ContentProvier数据发生改变,则触发该函数
		@Override
		public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
			super.onChange(selfChange);
			Log.v("Test2", "数据改变");
		}
    }
}

效果:



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