使用 objdump -t 查看变量所处存储位置

int aaa;// 未初始化的全局变量，bss区
int bbb = 0;// 初始化为0的全局变量，bss区
int ccc = 1;// 初始化非0的全局变量，data区
int main() {
    static int ddd;// 未初始化的静态局部变量，bss区
    static int eee = 0;// 初始化为0的静态局部变量，bss区
    static int fff = 2;// 初始化为非0的静态局部变量，data区
    int ggg;// 栈(stacks)

    return 0;
}

使用 objdump -t 命令查看变量内容所处存储位置：

gcc main.c -o main
objdump -t main

main：     文件格式 elf64-x86-64

SYMBOL TABLE:
0000000000400238 l    d  .interp    0000000000000000              .interp
0000000000400254 l    d  .note.ABI-tag  0000000000000000              .note.ABI-tag
0000000000400274 l    d  .note.gnu.build-id 0000000000000000              .note.gnu.build-id
0000000000400298 l    d  .gnu.hash  0000000000000000              .gnu.hash
00000000004002b8 l    d  .dynsym    0000000000000000              .dynsym
0000000000400300 l    d  .dynstr    0000000000000000              .dynstr
0000000000400338 l    d  .gnu.version   0000000000000000              .gnu.version
0000000000400340 l    d  .gnu.version_r 0000000000000000              .gnu.version_r
0000000000400360 l    d  .rela.dyn  0000000000000000              .rela.dyn
0000000000400378 l    d  .rela.plt  0000000000000000              .rela.plt
0000000000400390 l    d  .init  0000000000000000              .init
00000000004003b0 l    d  .plt   0000000000000000              .plt
00000000004003d0 l    d  .plt.got   0000000000000000              .plt.got
00000000004003e0 l    d  .text  0000000000000000              .text
0000000000400564 l    d  .fini  0000000000000000              .fini
0000000000400570 l    d  .rodata    0000000000000000              .rodata
0000000000400574 l    d  .eh_frame_hdr  0000000000000000              .eh_frame_hdr
00000000004005a8 l    d  .eh_frame  0000000000000000              .eh_frame
0000000000600e10 l    d  .init_array    0000000000000000              .init_array
0000000000600e18 l    d  .fini_array    0000000000000000              .fini_array
0000000000600e20 l    d  .jcr   0000000000000000              .jcr
0000000000600e28 l    d  .dynamic   0000000000000000              .dynamic
0000000000600ff8 l    d  .got   0000000000000000              .got
0000000000601000 l    d  .got.plt   0000000000000000              .got.plt
0000000000601020 l    d  .data  0000000000000000              .data
0000000000601038 l    d  .bss   0000000000000000              .bss
0000000000000000 l    d  .comment   0000000000000000              .comment
0000000000000000 l    df *ABS*  0000000000000000              crtstuff.c
0000000000600e20 l     O .jcr   0000000000000000              __JCR_LIST__
0000000000400410 l     F .text  0000000000000000              deregister_tm_clones
0000000000400450 l     F .text  0000000000000000              register_tm_clones
0000000000400490 l     F .text  0000000000000000              __do_global_dtors_aux
0000000000601038 l     O .bss   0000000000000001              completed.7594
0000000000600e18 l     O .fini_array    0000000000000000              __do_global_dtors_aux_fini_array_entry
00000000004004b0 l     F .text  0000000000000000              frame_dummy
0000000000600e10 l     O .init_array    0000000000000000              __frame_dummy_init_array_entry
0000000000000000 l    df *ABS*  0000000000000000              main.c
0000000000601034 l     O .data  0000000000000004              fff.1837
0000000000601040 l     O .bss   0000000000000004              eee.1836
0000000000601044 l     O .bss   0000000000000004              ddd.1835
0000000000000000 l    df *ABS*  0000000000000000              crtstuff.c
0000000000400698 l     O .eh_frame  0000000000000000              __FRAME_END__
0000000000600e20 l     O .jcr   0000000000000000              __JCR_END__
0000000000000000 l    df *ABS*  0000000000000000              
0000000000600e18 l       .init_array    0000000000000000              __init_array_end
0000000000600e28 l     O .dynamic   0000000000000000              _DYNAMIC
0000000000600e10 l       .init_array    0000000000000000              __init_array_start
0000000000400574 l       .eh_frame_hdr  0000000000000000              __GNU_EH_FRAME_HDR
0000000000601000 l     O .got.plt   0000000000000000              _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_
0000000000400560 g     F .text  0000000000000002              __libc_csu_fini
0000000000000000  w      *UND*  0000000000000000              _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTable
0000000000601020  w      .data  0000000000000000              data_start
0000000000601038 g       .data  0000000000000000              _edata
0000000000400564 g     F .fini  0000000000000000              _fini
0000000000601030 g     O .data  0000000000000004              ccc
000000000060103c g     O .bss   0000000000000004              bbb
0000000000000000       F *UND*  0000000000000000              __libc_start_main@@GLIBC_2.2.5
0000000000601020 g       .data  0000000000000000              __data_start
0000000000000000  w      *UND*  0000000000000000              __gmon_start__
0000000000601028 g     O .data  0000000000000000              .hidden __dso_handle
0000000000400570 g     O .rodata    0000000000000004              _IO_stdin_used
00000000004004f0 g     F .text  0000000000000065              __libc_csu_init
0000000000601050 g       .bss   0000000000000000              _end
00000000004003e0 g     F .text  000000000000002a              _start
0000000000601038 g       .bss   0000000000000000              __bss_start
00000000004004d6 g     F .text  000000000000000b              main
0000000000000000  w      *UND*  0000000000000000              _Jv_RegisterClasses
0000000000601038 g     O .data  0000000000000000              .hidden __TMC_END__
0000000000000000  w      *UND*  0000000000000000              _ITM_registerTMCloneTable
0000000000400390 g     F .init  0000000000000000              _init
0000000000601048 g     O .bss   0000000000000004              aaa

可以直接搜索变量名，找到对应内容的存储位置。