环境准备
- ubuntu-server-16.04
- docker
准备工作
- 安装docker
#安装docker
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker.io
#校验docker是否安装成功(输出版本即成功)
docker -v
- 使用docker拉取mysql镜像（本案例使用mysql_5.6版本）
#从镜像库拉取mysql镜像
sudo docker pull mysql:5.6.35
#查看所有镜像
sudo docker images
1.png
- 在本地新建mysql配置目录
#创建目录文件夹
cd /usr/local
mkdir mysql
#在mysql下创建文件夹和文件(下面目录结构)
--mysql
--master
--data
--conf
--my.cnf
--salver
--data
--conf
--my.cnf
- 编写主库和从库配置的my.cnf文件
- 主库配置
# Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
#
# The MySQL Community Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
# 从库修改为其他的数字保证唯一就行
server_id = 1
log-bin= mysql-bin
#修改为1
read-only=0
#指定同步的DB
#binlog-do-db=blogging
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=sys
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# Recommended in standard MySQL setup
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
# The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
- 从库配置
# Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
#
# The MySQL Community Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
# 从库修改为其他的数字保证唯一就行
server_id = 2
log-bin= mysql-bin
#修改为1
read-only=1
#指定同步的DB
#binlog-do-db=blogging
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-ignore-db=sys
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# Recommended in standard MySQL setup
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
# The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
-
不同之处
- server-id 保证唯一即可
- read-only=1 从库配置文件改成1 为只读
-
启动mysql镜像实例
- -e 指定mysql实例root用户的密码
- -v 挂载本地配置文件（挂载路径根据自己实际物理路径修改）
- 需要暴露的端口号根据自身实际情况修改
- 从库实例启动修改实例名称，端口，挂载路径即可
docker run --name mysql_master -p 8001:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=xxxx -v /usr/local/mysql/master/data/:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/local/mysql/master/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -d mysql:5.6.35
配置主从
- 主库配置
#进入mysql_master实例环境(实例名称根据自身实际名称)
docker exec -it mysql_master /bin/bash
#登陆mysql数据库(输入自己设置的密码登陆mysql数据库)
mysql -uroot -p
#创建一个同步账户（根据实际设置，从库同步需要设置）
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'backup'@'%' identified by '123456';
# 查询主库的状态（File、Position 这两个属性需要记录。从库同步需要设置）
show master status;
- 从库配置
#同主库进入方法
#关闭从库的同步
stop slave;
#修改从库的同步对象（ip,同步账户密码，端口根据实际修改；file和log根据主库查询的修改）
change master to master_host='127.0.01',master_user='backup',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',master_log_pos=120,master_port=8001;
#修改完成启动同步
start slave;
#查看同步状态（两个状态为yes即为成功）
show slave status\G;
2.png
测试
- 使用工具连接两数据库，主库做数据库实例的增删改，看从库是否有相应的变化
后话
- 版本问题，本主从配置对mysql_8.x不适用
- 需修改的地方
- my.cnf 文件（可以从mysql 8.x版本贴一份过来做修改）
- mysql 8.x 创建用户有所改动，具体情况自行百度。