《ArcGIS Engine+C#实例开发教程》第三讲 MapControl与PageLayoutControl同步

摘要：在ArcMap中，能够很方面地进行MapView和LayoutView两种视图的切换，而且二者之间的数据是同步显示的。关于两种视图同步的实现方法有多种，可以使用ObjectCopy对象进行数据硬拷贝，而比较简单的方法莫过于二者共享一份地图了，这也是最常用的方法。

 教程目录：

第一讲 桌面GIS应用程序框架的建立

第二讲 菜单的添加及其实现

第三讲 MapControl与PageLayoutControl同步

第四讲 状态栏信息的添加与实现

第五讲 鹰眼的实现

第六讲 右键菜单添加与实现

教程Bug及优化方案1

第七讲 图层符号选择器的实现1

第七讲 图层符号选择器的实现2

第八讲 属性数据表的查询显示

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在ArcMap中，能够很方面地进行MapView和Layout View两种视图的切换，而且二者之间的数据是同步显示的。
关于两种视图同步的实现方法有多种，可以使用ObjectCopy对象进行数据硬拷贝，而比较简单的方法莫过于二者共享一份地图了，这也是最常用的方法。

1、新建同步类ControlsSynchronizer

 
在解决方案面板中右击项目名，选择“添加|类”，在类别中选择“Visual C#项目项”，在模板中选择“类”，输入类名“ControlsSynchronizer.cs”，将以下代码覆盖自动生成的代码：

 

using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Collections; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.IO; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using ESRI.ArcGIS.esriSystem; using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto; using ESRI.ArcGIS.Controls; using ESRI.ArcGIS.SystemUI; namespace _sdnMap {     /// <summary>     /// This class is used to synchronize a gven PageLayoutControl and a MapControl.     /// When initialized, the user must pass the reference of these control to the class, bind     /// the control together by calling 'BindControls' which in turn sets a joined Map referenced     /// by both control; and set all the buddy controls joined between these two controls.     /// When alternating between the MapControl and PageLayoutControl, you should activate the visible control     /// and deactivate the other by calling ActivateXXX.     /// This calss is limited to a situation where the controls are not simultaneously visible.     /// </summary>     public class ControlsSynchronizer     {         #region class members         private IMapControl3 m_mapControl = null;         private IPageLayoutControl2 m_pageLayoutControl = null;         private ITool m_mapActiveTool = null;         private ITool m_pageLayoutActiveTool = null;         private bool m_IsMapCtrlactive = true;         private ArrayList m_frameworkControls = null;         #endregion         #region constructor         /// <summary>         /// 默认构造函数         /// </summary>         public ControlsSynchronizer()         {             //初始化ArrayList             m_frameworkControls = new ArrayList();         }         /// <summary>         /// 构造函数         /// </summary>         /// <param name="mapControl"></param>         /// <param name="pageLayoutControl"></param>         public ControlsSynchronizer(IMapControl3 mapControl, IPageLayoutControl2 pageLayoutControl)             : this()         {             //为类成员赋值             m_mapControl = mapControl;             m_pageLayoutControl = pageLayoutControl;         }         #endregion         #region properties         /// <summary>         /// 取得或设置MapControl         /// </summary>         public IMapControl3 MapControl         {             get { return m_mapControl; }             set { m_mapControl = value; }         }         /// <summary>         /// 取得或设置PageLayoutControl         /// </summary>         public IPageLayoutControl2 PageLayoutControl         {             get { return m_pageLayoutControl; }             set { m_pageLayoutControl = value; }         }         /// <summary>         /// 取得当前ActiveView的类型         /// </summary>         public string ActiveViewType         {             get             {                 if (m_IsMapCtrlactive)                     return "MapControl";                 else                     return "PageLayoutControl";             }         }         /// <summary>         /// 取得当前活动的Control         /// </summary>         public object ActiveControl         {             get             {                 if (m_mapControl == null || m_pageLayoutControl == null)                    throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::ActiveControl:\r\nEitherMapControl or PageLayoutControl are not initialized!");                 if (m_IsMapCtrlactive)                     return m_mapControl.Object;                 else                     return m_pageLayoutControl.Object;             }         }         #endregion         #region Methods         /// <summary>         /// 激活MapControl并解除the PagleLayoutControl         /// </summary>         public void ActivateMap()         {             try             {                 if (m_pageLayoutControl == null || m_mapControl == null)                    throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::ActivateMap:\r\nEitherMapControl or PageLayoutControl are not initialized!");                 //缓存当前PageLayout的CurrentTool                 if (m_pageLayoutControl.CurrentTool != null) m_pageLayoutActiveTool = m_pageLayoutControl.CurrentTool;                 //解除PagleLayout                 m_pageLayoutControl.ActiveView.Deactivate();                //激活MapControl                 m_mapControl.ActiveView.Activate(m_mapControl.hWnd);                 //将之前MapControl最后使用的tool，作为活动的tool，赋给MapControl的CurrentTool                 if (m_mapActiveTool != null) m_mapControl.CurrentTool = m_mapActiveTool;                 m_IsMapCtrlactive = true;                 //为每一个的framework controls,设置Buddy control为MapControl                 this.SetBuddies(m_mapControl.Object);             }             catch (Exception ex)             {                 throw new Exception(string.Format("ControlsSynchronizer::ActivateMap:\r\n{0}", ex.Message));             }         }         /// <summary>         /// 激活PagleLayoutControl并减活MapCotrol         /// </summary>         public void ActivatePageLayout()         {             try             {                 if (m_pageLayoutControl == null || m_mapControl == null)                    throw newException("ControlsSynchronizer::ActivatePageLayout:\r\nEitherMapControl or PageLayoutControl are not initialized!");                 //缓存当前MapControl的CurrentTool                 if (m_mapControl.CurrentTool != null) m_mapActiveTool = m_mapControl.CurrentTool;                 //解除MapControl                 m_mapControl.ActiveView.Deactivate();                 //激活PageLayoutControl                 m_pageLayoutControl.ActiveView.Activate(m_pageLayoutControl.hWnd);                 //将之前PageLayoutControl最后使用的tool，作为活动的tool，赋给PageLayoutControl的CurrentTool                 if (m_pageLayoutActiveTool != null) m_pageLayoutControl.CurrentTool = m_pageLayoutActiveTool;                 m_IsMapCtrlactive = false;                 //为每一个的framework controls,设置Buddy control为PageLayoutControl                 this.SetBuddies(m_pageLayoutControl.Object);             }             catch (Exception ex)             {                 throw new Exception(string.Format("ControlsSynchronizer::ActivatePageLayout:\r\n{0}", ex.Message));             }         }         /// <summary>         /// 给予一个地图, 置换PageLayoutControl和MapControl的focus map         /// </summary>         /// <param name="newMap"></param>         public void ReplaceMap(IMap newMap)         {             if (newMap == null)                 throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::ReplaceMap:\r\nNew map for replacement is not initialized!");             if (m_pageLayoutControl == null || m_mapControl == null)                throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::ReplaceMap:\r\nEitherMapControl or PageLayoutControl are not initialized!");             //create a new instance of IMaps collection which is needed by the PageLayout             //创建一个PageLayout需要用到的,新的IMaps collection的实例             IMaps maps = new Maps();             //add the new map to the Maps collection             //把新的地图加到Maps collection里头去             maps.Add(newMap);             bool bIsMapActive = m_IsMapCtrlactive;             //call replace map on the PageLayout in order to replace the focus map             //we must call ActivatePageLayout, since it is the control we call 'ReplaceMaps'             //调用PageLayout的replace map来置换focus map             //我们必须调用ActivatePageLayout,因为它是那个我们可以调用"ReplaceMaps"的Control             this.ActivatePageLayout();             m_pageLayoutControl.PageLayout.ReplaceMaps(maps);             //assign the new map to the MapControl             //把新的地图赋给MapControl             m_mapControl.Map = newMap;             //reset the active tools             //重设active tools             m_pageLayoutActiveTool = null;             m_mapActiveTool = null;             //make sure that the last active control is activated             //确认之前活动的control被激活             if (bIsMapActive)             {                 this.ActivateMap();                 m_mapControl.ActiveView.Refresh();             }             else             {                 this.ActivatePageLayout();                 m_pageLayoutControl.ActiveView.Refresh();             }         }         /// <summary>         /// bind the MapControl and PageLayoutControl together by assigning a new joint focus map         /// 指定共同的Map来把MapControl和PageLayoutControl绑在一起         /// </summary>         /// <param name="mapControl"></param>         /// <param name="pageLayoutControl"></param>        /// <param name="activateMapFirst">true if the MapControlsupposed to be activated first,如果MapControl被首先激活,则为true</param>         public void BindControls(IMapControl3 mapControl, IPageLayoutControl2 pageLayoutControl, bool activateMapFirst)         {             if (mapControl == null || pageLayoutControl == null)                throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::BindControls:\r\nEitherMapControl or PageLayoutControl are not initialized!");             m_mapControl = MapControl;             m_pageLayoutControl = pageLayoutControl;             this.BindControls(activateMapFirst);         }         /// <summary>         /// bind the MapControl and PageLayoutControl together by assigning a new joint focus map         /// 指定共同的Map来把MapControl和PageLayoutControl绑在一起         /// </summary>        /// <param name="activateMapFirst">true if the MapControlsupposed to be activated first,如果MapControl被首先激活,则为true</param>         public void BindControls(bool activateMapFirst)         {             if (m_pageLayoutControl == null || m_mapControl == null)                throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::BindControls:\r\nEitherMapControl or PageLayoutControl are not initialized!");             //create a new instance of IMap             //创造IMap的一个实例             IMap newMap = new MapClass();             newMap.Name = "Map";             //create a new instance of IMaps collection which is needed by the PageLayout             //创造一个新的IMaps collection的实例,这是PageLayout所需要的             IMaps maps = new Maps();             //add the new Map instance to the Maps collection             //把新的Map实例赋给Maps collection             maps.Add(newMap);             //call replace map on the PageLayout in order to replace the focus map             //调用PageLayout的replace map来置换focus map             m_pageLayoutControl.PageLayout.ReplaceMaps(maps);             //assign the new map to the MapControl             //把新的map赋给MapControl             m_mapControl.Map = newMap;             //reset the active tools             //重设active tools             m_pageLayoutActiveTool = null;             m_mapActiveTool = null;             //make sure that the last active control is activated             //确定最后活动的control被激活             if (activateMapFirst)                 this.ActivateMap();             else                 this.ActivatePageLayout();         }         /// <summary>         ///by passing the application's toolbars and TOC to the synchronization class, it saves you the         ///management of the buddy control each time the active control changes. This method ads the framework         ///control to an array; once the active control changes, the class iterates through the array and         ///calles SetBuddyControl on each of the stored framework control.         /// </summary>         /// <param name="control"></param>         public void AddFrameworkControl(object control)         {             if (control == null)                 throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::AddFrameworkControl:\r\nAdded control is not initialized!");             m_frameworkControls.Add(control);         }         /// <summary>         /// Remove a framework control from the managed list of controls         /// </summary>         /// <param name="control"></param>         public void RemoveFrameworkControl(object control)         {             if (control == null)                throw newException("ControlsSynchronizer::RemoveFrameworkControl:\r\nControl tobe removed is not initialized!");             m_frameworkControls.Remove(control);         }         /// <summary>         /// Remove a framework control from the managed list of controls by specifying its index in the list         /// </summary>         /// <param name="index"></param>         public void RemoveFrameworkControlAt(int index)         {             if (m_frameworkControls.Count < index)                 throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::RemoveFrameworkControlAt:\r\nIndex is out of range!");             m_frameworkControls.RemoveAt(index);         }         /// <summary>         /// when the active control changes, the class iterates through the array of the framework controls         ///  and calles SetBuddyControl on each of the controls.         /// </summary>         /// <param name="buddy">the active control</param>         private void SetBuddies(object buddy)         {             try             {                 if (buddy == null)                     throw new Exception("ControlsSynchronizer::SetBuddies:\r\nTarget Buddy Control is not initialized!");                 foreach (object obj in m_frameworkControls)                 {                     if (obj is IToolbarControl)                     {                         ((IToolbarControl)obj).SetBuddyControl(buddy);                     }                     else if (obj is ITOCControl)                     {                         ((ITOCControl)obj).SetBuddyControl(buddy);                     }                 }             }             catch (Exception ex)             {                 throw new Exception(string.Format("ControlsSynchronizer::SetBuddies:\r\n{0}", ex.Message));             }         }         #endregion     } }

2、新建Maps类

在同步类中，要用到Maps类，用于管理地图对象。与新建同步类ControlsSynchronizer类似，我们新建一Maps类，其所有代码如下所示：

 

using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto; namespace _sdnMap {     [Guid("f27d8789-fbbc-4801-be78-0e3cd8fff9d5")]     [ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None)]     [ProgId("_sdnMap.Maps")]     public class Maps : IMaps, IDisposable     {         //class member - using internally an ArrayList to manage the Maps collection         private ArrayList m_array = null;         #region class constructor         public Maps()         {             m_array = new ArrayList();         }         #endregion         #region IDisposable Members         /// <summary>         /// Dispose the collection         /// </summary>         public void Dispose()         {             if (m_array != null)             {                 m_array.Clear();                 m_array = null;             }         }         #endregion         #region IMaps Members         /// <summary>         /// Remove the Map at the given index         /// </summary>         /// <param name="Index"></param>         public void RemoveAt(int Index)         {             if (Index > m_array.Count || Index < 0)                 throw new Exception("Maps::RemoveAt:\r\nIndex is out of range!");             m_array.RemoveAt(Index);         }         /// <summary>         /// Reset the Maps array         /// </summary>         public void Reset()         {             m_array.Clear();         }         /// <summary>         /// Get the number of Maps in the collection         /// </summary>         public int Count         {             get             {                 return m_array.Count;             }         }         /// <summary>         /// Return the Map at the given index         /// </summary>         /// <param name="Index"></param>         /// <returns></returns>         public IMap get_Item(int Index)         {             if (Index > m_array.Count || Index < 0)                 throw new Exception("Maps::get_Item:\r\nIndex is out of range!");             return m_array[Index] as IMap;         }         /// <summary>         /// Remove the instance of the given Map         /// </summary>         /// <param name="Map"></param>         public void Remove(IMap Map)         {             m_array.Remove(Map);         }         /// <summary>         /// Create a new Map, add it to the collection and return it to the caller         /// </summary>         /// <returns></returns>         public IMap Create()         {             IMap newMap = new MapClass();             m_array.Add(newMap);             return newMap;         }         /// <summary>         /// Add the given Map to the collection         /// </summary>         /// <param name="Map"></param>         public void Add(IMap Map)         {             if (Map == null)                 throw new Exception("Maps::Add:\r\nNew Map is mot initialized!");             m_array.Add(Map);         }         #endregion     } }

3、新建打开文档类OpenNewMapDocument

 
由于从工具栏自带的打开按钮打开地图文档的时候，不会自动进行两种视图之间的同步，所以我们要自己派生一个OpenNewMapDocument类，用于打开地图文档。
 右击项目名，选择“添加|类”，再选择ArcGIS类别中的BaseCommand模板，输入类名为“OpenNewMapDocument.cs”。
首先添加引用：

 

using System.Windows.Forms; using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto;

再添加如下成员变量：

 

private ControlsSynchronizer m_controlsSynchronizer = null;

修改默认的构造函数如下所示：

 

//添加参数 public OpenNewMapDocument(ControlsSynchronizer controlsSynchronizer)         {             //             // TODO: Define values for the public properties             // //设定相关属性值             base.m_category = "Generic"; //localizable text             base.m_caption = "Open";  //localizable text             base.m_message = "This should work in ArcMap/MapControl/PageLayoutControl";  //localizable text             base.m_toolTip = "Open";  //localizable text             base.m_name = "Generic_Open";   //unique id, non-localizable (e.g. "MyCategory_MyCommand")                //初始化m_controlsSynchronizer             m_controlsSynchronizer = controlsSynchronizer;             try             {                 //                 // TODO: change bitmap name if necessary                 //                 string bitmapResourceName = GetType().Name + ".bmp";                 base.m_bitmap = new Bitmap(GetType(), bitmapResourceName);             }             catch (Exception ex)             {                 System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine(ex.Message, "Invalid Bitmap");             }         }

再在OnClick函数中添加如下代码：

 

public override void OnClick()         {             // TODO: Add OpenNewMapDocument.OnClick implementation             OpenFileDialog dlg = new OpenFileDialog();             dlg.Filter = "Map Documents (*.mxd)|*.mxd";             dlg.Multiselect = false;             dlg.Title = "Open Map Document";             if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)             {                 string docName = dlg.FileName;                 IMapDocument mapDoc = new MapDocumentClass();                 if (mapDoc.get_IsPresent(docName) && !mapDoc.get_IsPasswordProtected(docName))                 {                     mapDoc.Open(docName, string.Empty);                     IMap map = mapDoc.get_Map(0);                     m_controlsSynchronizer.ReplaceMap(map);                     mapDoc.Close();                 }             }         }

在添加类时，模板会自动添加一个名为“OpenNewMapDocument.bmp”的图标，你可以自己修改或者替换为打开的文件夹的图标。

4、两种视图的同步

 
在3sdnMap.cs中添加成员变量，即同步类对象：

 

private ControlsSynchronizer m_controlsSynchronizer = null;

在Form1_Load函数中进行初始化工作：

 

//初始化controls synchronization calss m_controlsSynchronizer = new ControlsSynchronizer(m_mapControl, m_pageLayoutControl);      //把MapControl和PageLayoutControl绑定起来(两个都指向同一个Map),然后设置MapControl为活动的Control      m_controlsSynchronizer.BindControls(true);      //为了在切换MapControl和PageLayoutControl视图同步，要添加Framework Control     m_controlsSynchronizer.AddFrameworkControl(axToolbarControl1.Object);     m_controlsSynchronizer.AddFrameworkControl(this.axTOCControl1.Object); // 添加打开命令按钮到工具条 OpenNewMapDocument openMapDoc = new OpenNewMapDocument(m_controlsSynchronizer); axToolbarControl1.AddItem(openMapDoc, -1, 0, false, -1, esriCommandStyles.esriCommandStyleIconOnly);

因为我们自动派生了打开文档类，并自己将其添加到工具条，所以我们就不需要工具条原来的“打开”按钮了，可以ToolbarControl的属性中将其删除。
下面，我们可完成上一讲遗留的功能了。

 

/// <summary>         /// 新建地图命令         /// </summary>         /// <param name="sender"></param>         /// <param name="e"></param>         private void New_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             //询问是否保存当前地图             DialogResult res = MessageBox.Show("是否保存当前地图?", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question);             if (res == DialogResult.Yes)             {                 //如果要保存，调用另存为对话框                 ICommand command = new ControlsSaveAsDocCommandClass();                 if (m_mapControl != null)                     command.OnCreate(m_controlsSynchronizer.MapControl.Object);                 else                     command.OnCreate(m_controlsSynchronizer.PageLayoutControl.Object);                 command.OnClick();             }      //创建新的地图实例             IMap map = new MapClass();             map.Name = "Map";             m_controlsSynchronizer.MapControl.DocumentFilename = string.Empty;             //更新新建地图实例的共享地图文档             m_controlsSynchronizer.ReplaceMap(map);         }

 

/// <summary>         /// 打开地图文档Mxd命令         /// </summary>         /// <param name="sender"></param>         /// <param name="e"></param>         private void Open_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         { if (this.axMapControl1.LayerCount > 0)             {                 DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("是否保存当前地图？", "警告", MessageBoxButtons.YesNoCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Question);                 if (result == DialogResult.Cancel) return;                 if (result == DialogResult.Yes) this.Save_Click(null, null);             }             OpenNewMapDocument openMapDoc = new OpenNewMapDocument(m_controlsSynchronizer);             openMapDoc.OnCreate(m_controlsSynchronizer.MapControl.Object);             openMapDoc.OnClick(); }

在添加数据AddData时，我们也要进行地图共享，故在AddData_Click函数后面添加如下代码：

 

IMap pMap = this.axMapControl1.Map; this.m_controlsSynchronizer.ReplaceMap(pMap);

在另存为地图文档时，有可能会丢失数据，因此我们需要提示用户以确认操作，故需修改SaveAs_Click函数，如下所示：

 

/// <summary>         /// 另存为地图文档命令         /// </summary>         /// <param name="sender"></param>         /// <param name="e"></param>         private void SaveAs_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             //如果当前视图为MapControl时，提示用户另存为操作将丢失PageLayoutControl中的设置             if (m_controlsSynchronizer.ActiveControl is IMapControl3)             {                if (MessageBox.Show("另存为地图文档将丢失制版视图的设置\r\n您要继续吗?", "提示",MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question) == DialogResult.No)                     return;             }             //调用另存为命令             ICommand command = new ControlsSaveAsDocCommandClass();             command.OnCreate(m_controlsSynchronizer.ActiveControl);             command.OnClick();         }

在切换视图时，我们要激活相关的视图，故在设计视图的属性面板中选择tabControl2控件，再选择事件按钮，找到“SelectedIndexChanged”事件双击添加之。其实现代码如下所示：

 

/// <summary>         /// 切换地图和制版视图         /// </summary>         /// <param name="sender"></param>         /// <param name="e"></param>         private void tabControl2_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             if (this.tabControl2.SelectedIndex == 0)             {                 //激活MapControl                 m_controlsSynchronizer.ActivateMap();             }             else             {                 //激活PageLayoutControl                 m_controlsSynchronizer.ActivatePageLayout();             }         }

5、编译运行

 
按F5编译运行程序，至此我们完成了MapControl和PageLayoutControl两种视图的同步工作。