Python画图小案例之多啦A梦叮当猫超详细注释

一步步教你怎么用Python画多啦A梦叮当猫，进一步熟悉Python的基础画图操作。

分析：叮当猫由头、脸、眼、眼珠、鼻子、嘴、胡子、项带、铃当、身子、围嘴、手臂、手、脚组成。 其中：头、脸、眼、眼珠、鼻子、嘴、胡子组成一个部件；其余元件组成一个部件。废话不多说，上代码。

希望您给个关注给个赞，也算对我们的支持了。

import math
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
 
class Shape:     # 图形基类(叮当猫各部件（形状）共有的属性)
    def __init__(self, qp, QRect, QColor=QColor("#07bbee")):     # 构造方法参数：形状，位置坐标，颜色, color="#07bbee"
        self.qp = qp                  #qpainter()的实例
        self.rect = QRect             # 坐标（x1, y1, x2, y2）
        self.color = QColor               #颜色
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 3))  #边线
 
 
class Liner:     #直线类
    def __init__(self, qp, QRect):
        self.qp = qp
        self.rect = QRect
        self.width = 1
 
class Arc:    #弧线类
    def __init__(self, qp, QRect, startAngle, spanAngle):
        self.qp = qp
        self.rect = QRect
        self.startAngle = startAngle
        self.spanAngle = spanAngle
 
class eyeball(Shape):    #眼珠
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect)       #画圆形x,y,w,h  120, 25, 160, 160
 
class mouth(Arc):
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.drawArc(self.rect,self.startAngle,self.spanAngle)  #后面两个参数分别为 起始角与跨度角
 
class beard(Liner):    #中央竖线
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.drawLine(self.rect)
 
class Beards:         #胡须组合
    def __init__(self, qp, start_point):        # w,h 宽、高
        self.qp = qp                            # 
        self.start_point = start_point          #起始坐标
 
        self.bd0 = beard(self.qp, self.bd0_cacu())
        self.bd1 = beard(self.qp, self.bd1_cacu())
        self.bd2 = beard(self.qp, self.bd2_cacu())
        self.bd00 = beard(self.qp, self.bd00_cacu())
        self.bd11 = beard(self.qp, self.bd11_cacu())
        self.bd22 = beard(self.qp, self.bd22_cacu())
 
    def draw(self):                # 绘制
        self.bd1.draw()
        self.bd0.draw()
        self.bd2.draw()
        self.bd11.draw()
        self.bd00.draw()
        self.bd22.draw()
 
    def bd0_cacu(self):             # 计算胡须的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] - 40
        y1 = self.start_point[1] - 5
        x2 = x1 - 58
        y2 = y1 - 20
        return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def bd1_cacu(self):             # 计算中间胡须的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] - 40
        y1 = self.start_point[1] + 5
        x2 = x1 -65
        y2 = y1
        return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def bd2_cacu(self):             # 计算胡须的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] - 40
        y1 = self.start_point[1] + 15
        x2 = x1 -58
        y2 = y1 + 20
        return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def bd00_cacu(self):             # 计算胡须的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] + 40
        y1 = self.start_point[1] - 5
        x2 = x1 + 58
        y2 = y1 - 20
        return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def bd11_cacu(self):             # 计算胡须的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] + 40
        y1 = self.start_point[1] + 5
        x2 = x1 + 65
        y2 = y1
        return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def bd22_cacu(self):             # 计算胡须的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] + 40
        y1 = self.start_point[1] + 15
        x2 = x1 + 58
        y2 = y1 + 20
        return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
class head(Shape):   # 头
    def draw(self):
        ##实例：x1，y1，x2，y2，即渐变的起始点和终止点
        linearGradient = QLinearGradient(420, 0, 100, 280) 
        #线性渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
        #分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
        linearGradient.setColorAt(0.1, Qt.white)   #10%处白色 
        linearGradient.setColorAt(0.2, self.color)   #60%处绿色 #07bbee
        linearGradient.setColorAt(0.8, self.color)   #60%处绿色 #07bbee
        linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black)       #100%处黑色
        self.qp.setBrush(linearGradient)       #设置画刷
        # self.qp.setBrush(self.color)
        # qp.drawRoundedRect(120, 25, 160, 160, 40, 40, Qt.RelativeSize)  #画圆角矩形x1,y1,x2,y2,圆角的角度
        self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect)       #画圆形x,y,w,h  120, 25, 160, 160
 
class nose(Shape):    #鼻子
    def draw(self):
        RadialGradient = QRadialGradient(265, 144, 6, 265, 144)  #辐射渐变
        #参数分别为中心坐标，半径长度和焦点坐标,
        #如果需要对称那么中心坐标和焦点坐标要一致  #c93300
        #辐射渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
        #分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
        RadialGradient.setColorAt(0.0, Qt.white)   #10%处白色 
        RadialGradient.setColorAt(1.0, self.color)   #60%处绿色 #07bbee
        # RadialGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black)   #100%处黑色
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2))            #边线
        self.qp.setBrush(RadialGradient)       #设置画刷
        self.qp.drawRoundedRect(self.rect, 80, 80, Qt.RelativeSize)  #画圆角矩形x,y,w,h,圆角的角度
 
class face(Shape):
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.setPen(Qt.NoPen)           #无边线
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect)     #画圆形x,y,w,h  120, 25, 160, 160
 
class eye(Shape):    #眼框
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qp.drawRoundedRect(self.rect, 90, 90, Qt.RelativeSize)  #画圆角矩形x1,y1,x2,y2,圆角的角度
 
class Heads:         # 头部整体（组合头、脸、眼、鼻、嘴、胡子）
    def __init__(self, qp, start_point,w, h):    # w,h是帽子的宽、高
        self.qp = qp                            # 
        self.start_point = start_point          #起始坐标
        self.w = w
        self.h = h
        self.hd = head(self.qp, self.hd_cacu(), QColor('#07bbee'))      # 例化头
        self.fc = face(self.qp, self.fc_cacu(), Qt.white)      #脸
        self.nos = nose(self.qp, self.nos_cacu(), QColor("#c93300"))    #鼻子
        self.eye0 = eye(self.qp, self.ey0_cacu(), Qt.white)    # 实例化眼0
        self.eye1 = eye(self.qp, self.ey1_cacu(), Qt.white)    #眼1
        self.bds = Beards(self.qp, (260, 185))         #胡须组合的起始位置
        self.bd = beard(self.qp, self.bd_cacu())       #中央竖线
        self.mt = mouth(self.qp, self.mt_cacu(), 230 * 16, 80 * 16)  #弧线的起始角度, 弧线角度（角度*16）
        self.mt2 = mouth(self.qp, self.mt2_cacu(), 230 * 16, 80 * 16)  #弧线的起始角度, 弧线角度（角度*16）
        self.eb0 = eyeball(self.qp, self.eb0_cacu(), Qt.black)   #眼珠0
        self.eb1 = eyeball(self.qp, self.eb1_cacu(), Qt.black)   #眼珠1
 
    def draw(self):                # 绘制
        self.hd.draw()             #调用头方法绘制
        self.fc.draw()             # 调用脸方法绘制
        self.nos.draw()              # 调用底部方法绘制
        self.eye0.draw()
        self.eye1.draw()
        self.bds.draw()
        self.bd.draw()            #调用头方法绘制
        self.mt.draw()
        self.mt2.draw()
        self.eb0.draw()            #眼珠
        self.eb1.draw() 
 
    def eb0_cacu(self):             # 计算眼珠的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2 - 25
        y = self.start_point[1] + 70
        w = 12  
        h = 12 
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def eb1_cacu(self):             # 计算眼珠的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2 + 15
        y = self.start_point[1] + 70
        w = 12  
        h = 12   
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def bd_cacu(self):             # 计算中央竖线的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2
        y1 = self.start_point[1] + 135
        x2 = x1
        y2 = y1 + 95
        return QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def mt_cacu(self):             # 计算嘴的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] + 50
        y = self.start_point[1] + 45
        w = 220  
        h = 186  
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def mt2_cacu(self):             # 计算嘴的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] + 60
        y = self.start_point[1] + 49
        w = 200  
        h = 185  
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def nos_cacu(self):             # 计算鼻子的坐标
        # r = self.h / 3 / 2
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.w /2 -15
        y = self.start_point[1] + 105
        w = 30  
        h = 30  
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def hd_cacu(self):             # 计算头的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0]
        y = self.start_point[1]
        w = self.w  
        h = self.h  
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def fc_cacu(self):             # 计算脸的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] + 35
        y = self.start_point[1] + 65
        w = self.w - 65 
        h = self.h - 100 
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def ey1_cacu(self):              # 计算眼1的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2
        y = self.start_point[1] + 40
        w = 70  
        h = 80 
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def ey0_cacu(self):              # 计算眼0的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.w / 2 - 70
        y = self.start_point[1] + 40
        w = 70  
        h = 80 
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
class collar(Shape):    #项圈
    def draw(self):
        linearGradient = QLinearGradient(140, 280, 140, 310) 
        #参数分别为中心坐标，半径长度和焦点坐标,
        #如果需要对称那么中心坐标和焦点坐标要一致  #c93300
        #辐射渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
        #分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
        linearGradient.setColorAt(0.2, QColor("#c40"))     #10%处 
        linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, QColor("#800400"))   #
        # linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black)   #100%处黑色
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2))            #边线
        self.qp.setBrush(linearGradient)       #设置画刷
        self.qpp = QPainterPath()              #路径
        self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2], self.rect[1] + 20)
        self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2] - 10, self.rect[1] , 20.0, 20.0, 270.0, 180.0)  #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0], self.rect[1])
        self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0]-10, self.rect[1], 20.0, 20.0, 90.0, 180.0)
        self.qpp.closeSubpath()
        self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
 
class bell(Shape):    #铃铛
    def draw(self):
        #参数分别为中心坐标，半径长度和焦点坐标,
        #如果需要对称那么中心坐标和焦点坐标要一致  #c93300
        RadialGradient = QRadialGradient(270, 308, 40, 260, 300)  #辐射渐变
        #辐射渐变色的效果，以整个图形区间为100%，
        #分成多段设置颜色，各颜色按百分比分配。
        RadialGradient.setColorAt(0.0, QColor("#f9f12a"))   #10%处白色 
        RadialGradient.setColorAt(0.75, QColor("#e9e11a"))   #60%处绿色 #07bbee
        RadialGradient.setColorAt(1.0, QColor("#a9a100"))   #100%处黑色
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2))            #边线
        self.qp.setBrush(RadialGradient)       #设置画刷
        self.qp.drawRoundedRect(self.rect, 90, 90, Qt.RelativeSize)  #画圆角矩形x1,y1,x2,y2,圆角的角度
 
class body(Shape):    #身体
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2))           #边线
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qpp = QPainterPath()     #路径
        self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + 228, self.rect[1] - 15)
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230 + 45, self.rect[1] + 25) 
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230 + 20, self.rect[1] + 60)
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230  - 2, self.rect[1] + 40)
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 230  - 2, self.rect[1] + 170)
        self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] + 105,self.rect[1] + 170-10, 20, 20, 0, 180)   #中间半圆
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] -2, self.rect[1] + 170)
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] - 2, self.rect[1] + 40)
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] - 20, self.rect[1] + 60)
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] - 40, self.rect[1] + 25)
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0] + 2, self.rect[1] - 14)
        self.qpp.closeSubpath()
        self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
 
 
class foot(Shape):    #脚
    def draw(self):
        linearGradient = QLinearGradient(140, 280, 140, 310) 
        linearGradient.setColorAt(0.2, QColor("#c40"))     #10%处 
        linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, QColor("#800400"))   #
        # linearGradient.setColorAt(1.0, Qt.black)   #100%处黑色
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2))            #边线
        # self.qp.setBrush(linearGradient)       #设置画刷
        self.qpp = QPainterPath()              #路径
        self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2] - 40, self.rect[1] + self.rect[3] - 2)
        self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] + self.rect[2] - 40, self.rect[1] - 2 , 30.0, 30.0, 270.0, 180.0)  #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
        self.qpp.lineTo(self.rect[0], self.rect[1]-2)
        self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0]-15, self.rect[1] - 3, 60.0, 40.0, 90.0, 125.0)
        # self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0]-20, self.rect[1] + 26, 20.0, 20.0, 90.0, 30.0)
        self.qpp.closeSubpath()
        self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
 
class hand(Shape):    #手
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect)     #画圆形x,y,w,h  120, 25, 160, 160
 
class chest(Shape):    #白色肚兜
    def draw(self):
        self.color = Qt.white 
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2))           #边线
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qpp = QPainterPath()     #路径
        self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] + 30 , self.rect[1] + 20)
        self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] , self.rect[1] , 170.0, 170.0, 130.0, 280.0)  #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
        self.qpp.closeSubpath()
        self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
 
class half(Shape):    #口袋
    def draw(self):
        self.color = Qt.white
        self.qp.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2))           #边线
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qpp = QPainterPath()     #路径
        self.qpp.moveTo(self.rect[0] , self.rect[1] + 10)
        self.qpp.arcTo(self.rect[0] , self.rect[1] - 55 , self.rect[2], self.rect[3], 180.0, 180.0)  #(70, 30, R*2, R*2, 0, 180);(70,30)是起始位置，R是半径,270是起始角度，180是要画的角度
        self.qpp.closeSubpath()
        self.qp.drawPath(self.qpp)
 
class bellc(Shape):    #铃铛中心
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.setBrush(self.color)       #设置画刷
        self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect)       #画圆形x,y,w,h  120, 25, 160, 160
 
class bellv(Liner):    #铃铛竖线
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.drawLine(self.rect)
 
class bellh(Liner):    #横线
    # def __init__(self, qp, start_point, w, c=0):
    #     self.qp = qp                            # 
    #     self.start_point = start_point          #起始坐标
    #     self.w = w
    #     self.c = c
 
    def draw(self):
        self.qp.drawLine(self.rect)
 
 
class Bells:                      # 铃铛组合
    def __init__(self, qp, start_point, w, h):    # w,h是铃铛的宽、高
        self.qp = qp                            # 
        self.start_point = start_point          #起始坐标
        self.w = w
        self.h = h
        self.be = bell(self.qp, self.be_cacu(), QColor("#a9a100"))  #铃铛
        self.bec = bellc(self.qp, self.bec_cacu(),Qt.black)         #铃铛中心
        self.belv = bellv(self.qp, self.belv_cacu())      #铃铛竖线
        self.belh1 = bellh(self.qp, self.belh1_cacu()) 
        self.belh2 = bellh(self.qp, self.belh2_cacu()) 
 
    def draw(self):
        self.be.draw()
        self.bec.draw()
        self.belv.draw()
        self.belh1.draw()
        self.belh2.draw()
 
    def belh1_cacu(self):              # 计算铃铛横线的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] + 2
        y = self.start_point[1] -3
        w = x + 36 
        h = y 
        return QLineF(x, y, w, h)
 
    def belh2_cacu(self):              # 计算铃铛横线的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] 
        y = self.start_point[1] + 2
        w = x + 40
        h = y 
        return QLineF(x, y, w, h)
 
    def belv_cacu(self):              # 计算铃铛竖线的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] + 20
        y = self.start_point[1] + 20
        w = x  
        h = y + 8
        return QLineF(x, y, w, h)
 
    def bec_cacu(self):              # 计算铃铛的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.w /2 - 5
        y = self.start_point[1] + 8
        w = 10  
        h = 10
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def be_cacu(self):              # 计算铃铛的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.w /2 - 20
        y = self.start_point[1] - 12
        w = 40  
        h = 40
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
class Bodys:                      # 身体组合
    def __init__(self, qp, start_point, w, h):    # w,h是帽子的宽、高
        self.qp = qp                            # 
        self.start_point = start_point          #起始坐标
        self.w = w
        self.h = h
        self.bod = body(self.qp, self.bod_cacu())        #实例化身体
        self.che = chest(self.qp, self.che_cacu())       #实例化白色肚兜
        self.ha = half(self.qp, self.ha_cacu())          #实例化口袋
        self.coll = collar(self.qp, self.col_cacu())     # 实例化项圈
        self.hnd0 = hand(self.qp, self.hnd0_cacu(), Qt.white)      #左手
        self.hnd1 = hand(self.qp, self.hnd1_cacu(), Qt.white)      #左手
        self.ft1 = foot(self.qp, self.ft1_cacu(), Qt.white)      #脚
        self.ft2 = foot(self.qp, self.ft2_cacu(), Qt.white)      #脚
        self.bels = Bells(self.qp, (240, 300), 40, 40)
 
    def draw(self):                # 绘制
        self.bod.draw()             #调用项圈方法绘制
        self.che.draw()
        self.ha.draw()
        self.coll.draw()
        self.hnd0.draw()
        self.hnd1.draw()
        self.ft1.draw()
        self.ft2.draw()
        self.bels.draw()
 
    def ft1_cacu(self):              # 计算脚的坐标
        x1 = self.start_point[0] 
        y1 = self.start_point[1] + 170
        x2 = 120  
        y2 = 30
        return (x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def ft2_cacu(self):              # 计算脚的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x1 = self.start_point[0] + 130
        y1 = self.start_point[1] + 170
        x2 = 120  
        y2 = 30
        return (x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def hnd0_cacu(self):              # 计算手的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] - 78
        y = self.start_point[1] + 25
        w = 60  
        h = 60
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def hnd1_cacu(self):              # 计算手的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] + self.h + 20
        y = self.start_point[1] + 25
        w = 60  
        h = 60
        return QRect(x, y, w, h)
 
    def ha_cacu(self):              # 计算口袋的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] + 48
        y = self.start_point[1] + 40
        w = 130  
        h = 130
        return (x, y, w, h)
 
    def che_cacu(self):              # 计算白色肚兜的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x = self.start_point[0] + 28
        y = self.start_point[1] - 30
        w = 170  
        h = 170
        return (x, y, w, h)
 
    def col_cacu(self):              # 计算项圈的坐标(圆角矩形)
        x1 = self.start_point[0] 
        y1 = self.start_point[1] - 20
        x2 = 230  
        y2 = 20
        return (x1, y1, x2, y2)
 
    def bod_cacu(self):              # 计算身体的坐标
        x = self.start_point[0] 
        y = self.start_point[1] 
        w = 230  
        h = 165 
        return (x, y, w, h)
 
class Example(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, w, h):
        super().__init__()
        self.qp = QPainter()     # 画笔实例
        self.rect = QRect()
        self.color = QColor()
        self.start_point = (100,30)   #头部的起始位置
        self.w = w
        self.h = h
        self.initUI()
        self.heads = Heads(self.qp,self.start_point, 320, 300)  # w,h
        self.bo = Bodys(self.qp, (145,300), 230, 230)  #start_point,w,h
 
    def initUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(100, 300, self.w, self.h)  # 窗口在屏幕上的坐标和大小：x,y,w,h
        self.setWindowTitle('叮当猫')
        self.show()
        # rect = QRect(120, 25, 160, 160)
        # self.hd = head(self.qp, self.rect, self.color)
 
    def paintEvent(self, e):
        self.qp.begin(self)
        self.drawBrushes(self.qp)  #调用方法
        self.qp.end()
 
    def drawBrushes(self, qp):
        self.heads.draw()
        self.bo.draw()
        # brush.setStyle(Qt.Dense1Pattern)   #设置style
        # qp.setBrush(brush)                 #设置画刷
        # self.qp.drawEllipse(self.rect, self.color)       #画矩形x,y,w,h
        
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example(520, 760)       #窗体大小
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

到此这篇关于Python画图小案例之多啦A梦叮当猫超详细注释的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python 多啦A梦内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！