pydantic 字段的默认值如何设置获取当前时间
这种情况不要使用 default，而要用 default_factory
关于这两种的区别说明如下:
:param default: since this is replacing the field’s default, its first argument is used
to set the default, use ellipsis (``...``) to indicate the field is required
:param default_factory: callable that will be called when a default value is needed for this field
If both `default` and `default_factory` are set, an error is raised.来看看错误的例子，即通过 default 获取当前时间：
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
from typing import Optional
import time
def get_utc_now_timestamp() -> datetime:
return datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
class Struct(BaseModel):
releaseDate: Optional[datetime] = Field(
default=get_utc_now_timestamp()
)
print(Struct().releaseDate)
time.sleep(1)
print(Struct().releaseDate)可以看到两个时间是一样的
2022-01-27 14:16:23.876755+00:00
2022-01-27 14:16:23.876755+00:00再来看看 default_factory：
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
from typing import Optional
import time
def get_utc_now_timestamp() -> datetime:
return datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
class Struct(BaseModel):
releaseDate: Optional[datetime] = Field(
default_factory=get_utc_now_timestamp
)
print(Struct().releaseDate)
time.sleep(1)
print(Struct().releaseDate)可以看到，两个时间相距了 1 秒钟
2022-01-27 14:15:55.195409+00:00
2022-01-27 14:15:56.200775+00:00