一、简述
Graphviz 是一款由 AT&T Research 和 Lucent Bell 实验室开源的可视化图形工具，可以很方便的用来绘制结构化的图形网络，支持多种格式输出。Graphviz 输入是一个用 dot 语言编写的绘图脚本，通过对输入脚本的解析，分析出其中的点、边及子图，然后根据属性进行绘制。Graphviz layout 以简单的文本语言描述图形，并以实用的格式制作图表，如用于网页的 images 和 SVG ；用于放入在其它文件中或显示在交互式图形浏览器中的 PDF 和 Postscript 。
二、安装
- 我是使用 语雀 中文档自带的文本绘图来使用Graphviz 的。
- 如果你想要了解 Graphviz 工具，你可也以进入 Graphviz 官网 下载。按照安装向导安装完以后，记得要把 Graphviz 工具的 bin 目录加到环境变量 PATH 中。例如
接下来测试下是否安装成功，打开 cmd 命令窗口，输入命令dot -version，出现下图则证明安装成功
三、使用
接下来讲的是在 语雀 中Graphviz的使用。
这是详细的 Grapviz使用语法介绍
3.1、简单使用
3.1.1 无向图
graph {
a -- b;
b -- c;
a -- c;
d -- c;
e -- c;
e -- a;
}效果图：
3.1.2 有向图
digraph {
a -> b;
b -> c;
}
3.2、稍微复杂点的用法
3.2.1 带标签
digraph {
player[label = "player"];
game[label = "game"];
player -> game[label = "play"]
}效果图：
3.2.2 不同颜色
digraph {
player[label = "player", color = Blue, fontcolor = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box];
game[label = "game", color = Red, fontcolor = Blue, fontsize = 24, shape = ellipse];
player -> game[label = "play"]
}效果图：
3.2.3 形状
详细可以见 官方文档
3.2.4 插入图片
digraph {
c[shape = none, image = "./pic.png"]
a -> b -> c;
c -> d;
}效果图：
3.2.5 统一节点和连线
digraph {
node[shape = box]
edge[style = "dashed"]
c[shape = none]
a -> b -> c;
c -> d;
}效果图：
3.2.6 子视图
digraph {
label = visitNet
rankdir = LR
node[color = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box]
edge[color = Blue, style = "dashed"]
user[style = "filled", color = "yellow", fillcolor = "chartreuse"]
subgraph cluster_cd{
label = "server and browser"
bgcolor = yellow;
browser -> server
}
user -> computer;
computer -> browser;
}效果图：
3.2.7 结构视图
digraph {
node[shape = record];
struct1[label = " left| mid\ dle| right"];
struct2[label = " one| two"];
struct3[label = "hello\nworld | {b|{c| d|e}|f}|g|h"];
struct1:f1 -> struct2:f0;
struct1:f2 -> struct3:here;
} 效果图：
3.2.8 树形结构
digraph tree {
fontname = "PingFang-SC-Light"
fontsize = 24
node[shape = "plaintext"]
1 -> 2;
1 -> 3;
2 -> 4;
2 -> 5;
3 -> 6;
3 -> 7;
4 -> 8;
4 -> 9;
5 -> 10;
5 -> 11;
6 -> 12;
6 -> 13;
7 -> 14;
7 -> 15;
}效果图：
3.2.9 继承
digraph UML {
node[fontname = "Courier New", fontsize = 10, shape = record];
edge[fontname = "Courier New", fontsize = 10, arrowhead = "empty"];
Car[label = "{Car | v : float\nt : float | run() : float}"]
subgraph clusterSome{
bgcolor = "yellow";
Bus[label = "{Bus | | carryPeople() : void}"];
Bike[label = "{bike | | ride() : void}"];
}
Bus -> Car
Bike -> Car
}效果图：
3.2.10 时序图
digraph time {
rankdir = "LR";
node[shape = "point", width = 0, height = 0];
edge[arrowhead = "none", style = "dashed"];
{
rank = "same"
edge[style = "solided"];
APP[shape = "plaintext"];
APP -> step00 -> step01 -> step02 -> step03 -> step04 -> step05;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
SDK[shape="plaintext"];
SDK -> step10 -> step11 -> step12 -> step13 -> step14 -> step15;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
AliPay[shape="plaintext"];
AliPay -> step20 -> step21 -> step22 -> step23 -> step24 -> step25;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
Server[shape="plaintext"];
Server -> step30 -> step31 -> step32 -> step33 -> step34 -> step35;
}
step00 -> step10 [label="sends order info", arrowhead="normal"];
step11 -> step21 [label="open AliPay", arrowhead="normal"];
step22 -> step12 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
step13 -> step03 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
step24 -> step34 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
}效果图：
四、参考
附：有不足、疏漏欢迎指出，我可以借鉴学习后补充。