Vim Text Objects 文本对象

Plaintext Text Objects

Vim provides text objects for the three building blocks of plaintext:

1. words
2. sentences
3. paragraphs.

Words

aw

a word (includes surrounding white space)
包括单词周围的空格

iw

inner word (does not include surrounding white space)
不包括单词周围的空格

aw, iw 和 w 的区别

The motion w may seem similar to the text object aw. The difference is in the allowed cursor position.

w 和 aw, iw 的区别体现在于光标位置上.

For example, to delete a word using dw, the cursor must be at the start of the word, any other position would delete only part of the word;
however, daw allows the cursor to be at any position in the word.

要使用 dw 来完整删除一个单词, 光标必须在单词的开头. 对应的, 使用 daw 来删除一个单词的时候, 光标可以在单词上的任何一个位置. daw 可以删除单词和单词周围的空白符, 而 diw 只会删除单词自身

W

一段连续的文本 (直到空白符为止)

Sentences

as

a sentence

is

inner sentence

as, is 和 ( )

Like aw, as offers the same cursor position advantage over its motion counterparts ( )
To operate on the entire previous sentence ( requires the cursor to be at the end of the sentence; to operate on the entire next sentence ) requires your cursor to be at the start of the sentence.

as 和 is的区别在于, as 对应的文本包括了句子前后的空白符.

Paragraphs

ap

a paragraph

ip

inner paragraph

ap, ip 对比 { }

同上述的 aw,iw, as,is, ap,ip 的优点在于不需要移动光标到段首就可以删除整个段落.

Programming Language Text Objects

Vim provides several text objects based on common programming language constructs.

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Other Text Objects

Strings

a"

a double quoted string

i"

inner double quoted string

a'

a single quoted string

i'

inner single quoted string

a`

a back quoted string

i`

inner back quoted string

ps: these command is effective against the first corresponded phrase in the line.

Parentheses ( )

a)

a parenthesized block
一个被括号包围的块

i)

inner parenthesized block
括号内部的块
同时也可以用 b 来表示 ( 和 ), 即 ab, ib

对比 ( )和a), i)

1. ( ) 表示的是句子的首尾, 而 a), i) 表示的是被 ( ) 包围的文本.
   d( , d) 会从光标位置开始删除到句首/句尾
2. da), di) 只有当光标在内括号内才会生效, 会删除括号内的内容.
   生效条件 ( 适用于 (), [], {} ):
3. a) , i) 或 ab, ib 仅当光标在括号体中才能生效

使用 % 在括号之间移动

The % motion is used to move cursor to the first parentheses (bracing character) in the line.

用于将光标移动至当前行的第一个括号/包围符号, 以及在这对括号之间切换光标位置.

d%

用于删除从光标到括号(包围符号) 之间的文本.

对比 % 和 a)

1.a) 和 i) 更加便利, 用于选中 ( ) 中的文本, 但是只有当光标在 括号中才会生效.

2. 而 % 可以将光标跳转到 该行的括号上, 或者是在两个 ( ) 之间切换光标位置.
3. da) 会删除本行的第一个括号间的内容.
4. d% 会删除从光标的位置开始直到第一个括号结束之间的内容.

Brackets [ ]

a]

a bracketed block

i]

inner bracketed block
用法同括号( )

The % movement can also be with []. However, it has the same limited flexibility when using it with ().

Braces { }

a}

a brace block

i}

inner brace block
% 也对 { } 生效.
a} , i} 也可以用 aB, iB 替代.

Markup Language Tag

tag content selection:
cursor need to be arounded by a pair of tags.

at

a tag block (tag included)
整个标签和标签包围的文本

it

inner tag block (tag excluded)
被标签包围的文本

tag selection:
cursor need to be inside tag itself

da< 或 da>

删除这个tag

di< 或 di>

删除tag中的文本