Hadoop真分布式完全集群安装,基于版本2.7.2安装,在两台Linux机器上面分别安装Hadoop的master和slave节点。
1.安装说明
不管NameNode还是DataNode节点,安装的用户名需要一致。
master和slave的区别,只是在于配置的hostname,
在config的slaves配置的hostname所代表的机器即为slave,
不使用主机名也可以,直接配置为IP即可。
在这种集群下面,需要在master节点创建namenode路径,
并且使用格式化命令hdfs namenode –format。
然后在slave节点创建datanode路径,注意目录的权限。
2.配置hosts
如果已经存在则不需要,每台机器进行相同的操作
10.43.156.193 zdh193 ywmaster/fish master 10.43.156.194 zdh194 ywmaster/fish slave
3.创建用户
集群上面的用户名必须都是一样的,否则无法影响Hadoop集群启动,
在每台机器里面添加相同的用户,参考如下命令:
useradd ywmaster
4.安装JDK
此处安装的是jdk1.7
scp [email protected]:/home/yuwen/backup/jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz . zdh123 tar -zxvf jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz vi .bash_profile export JAVA_HOME=~/jdk1.7.0_80 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar source .bash_profile
验证jdk
java -version
5.设置集群免密登陆
5.1.设置本地免密登陆
ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
必须修改权限,否则无法免秘登陆
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
验证免密登陆
ssh localhost
5.2.设置远程免密登陆
需要把本机的公钥放到对方的机器authorized_keys,才能免密登陆其他机器。
进入ywmaster的.ssh目录
scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys [email protected]:~/.ssh/authorized_keys_from_zdh193
进入ywslave的.ssh目录,注意备份,否则下面步骤存在重复的ywmaster公钥。
cat authorized_keys_from_zdh193 >> authorized_keys ssh zdh194
5.3.设置其他机器免密登陆
参考上面的步骤同理设置其他机器,配置后zdh193可以免密登陆。
scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys [email protected]:~/.ssh/authorized_keys_from_zdh194
6.安装Hadoop
上传并解压hadoop文件
scp [email protected]:/home/pub/hadoop/source/hadoop-2.7.2-src/hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz . zdh1234 tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz
7.配置环境变量
export HADOOP_HOME=~/hadoop-2.7.2 export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
配置别名,可以快速访问配置路径
alias conf='cd /home/ywmaster/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop'
8.检查和修改Hadoop配置文件
8.1 hadoop-env.sh
涉及环境变量:JAVA_HOME
,HADOOP_HOME
,HADOOP_CONF_DIR
8.2 yarn-env.sh
涉及环境变量:JAVA_HOME
,HADOOP_YARN_USER
,HADOOP_YARN_HOME
, YARN_CONF_DIR
8.3 slaves
这个文件里面保存所有slave节点,注释掉localhost,新增zdh194作为slave节点。
8.4 core-site.xml
fs.defaultFS hdfs://10.43.156.193:29080 fs.default.name hdfs://10.43.156.193:29080 io.file.buffer.size 131072 hadoop.tmp.dir file:/home/ywmaster/tmp
8.5 hdfs-site.xml
dfs.namenode.rpc-address 10.43.156.193:29080 dfs.namenode.http-address 10.43.156.193:20070 dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address 10.43.156.193:29001 dfs.namenode.name.dir file:/home/ywmaster/dfs/name dfs.datanode.data.dir file:/home/ywmaster/dfs/data dfs.replication 1 dfs.webhdfs.enabled true
8.6 mapred-site.xml
mapreduce.framework.name yarn mapreduce.shuffle.port 23562 mapreduce.jobhistory.address 10.43.156.193:20020 mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address 10.43.156.193:29888
8.7:yarn-site.xml
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services mapreduce_shuffle yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class TODODELETEorg.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler #mapreduce.shuffle已经过时,改为mapreduce_shuffleyarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce_shuffle.class org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler yarn.resourcemanager.address 10.43.156.193:28032 yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address 10.43.156.193:28030 yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address 10.43.156.193:28031 yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address 10.43.156.193:28033 yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address 10.43.156.193:28088
8.8 获取Hadoop的默认配置文件
选择相应版本的hadoop,下载解压后,搜索*.xml,
找到core-default.xml,hdfs-default.xml,mapred-default.xml,
这些就是默认配置,可以参考这些配置的描述说明,
在这些默认配置上进行修改,配置自己的Hadoop集群。
find . -name *-default.xml ./hadoop-2.7.1/share/doc/hadoop/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-hdfs/hdfs-default.xml ./hadoop-2.7.1/share/doc/hadoop/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-common/core-default.xml ./hadoop-2.7.1/share/doc/hadoop/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core/mapred-default.xml ./hadoop-2.7.1/share/doc/hadoop/hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-common/yarn-default.xml ./hadoop-2.7.1/share/hadoop/httpfs/tomcat/webapps/webhdfs/WEB-INF/classes/httpfs-default.xml
9.把配置好的Hadoop复制到其他节点
scp -r ~/hadoop-2.7.2 [email protected]:~/
或者只拷贝配置文件,可以提高拷贝效率:
scp -r ~/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop [email protected]:~/hadoop-2.7.2/etc
创建好name和data数据目录
mkdir -p ./dfs/name mkdir -p ./dfs/data
10.启动验证Hadoop
格式化namenode:
hdfs namenode -format
出现如下结果则表示成功:
16/09/13 23:57:16 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /home/ywmaster/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
启动hdfs
start-dfs.sh
启动yarn:
start-yarn.sh
注意修改了配置之后一定要重新复制到其他节点,否则启动会有问题。
11.检查启动结果
NameNode下执行jps应该包含如下进程:
15951 ResourceManager 13294 SecondaryNameNode 12531 NameNode 16228 Jps
DataNode下执行jps应该包含如下进程:
3713 NodeManager 1329 DataNode 3907 Jps
查看HDFS服务:
http://10.43.156.193:20070
查看SecondaryNameNode:
http://10.43.156.193:29001/
具体IP和Port参考hdfs-site.xml:
dfs.namenode.http-address The address and the base port where the dfs namenode web ui will listen on.
查看RM:
http://10.43.156.193:28088
具体IP和Port参考yarn-site.xml:
yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address 10.43.156.193:28088
12.其他参考
停止命令:
stop-yarn.sh stop-dfs.sh
执行命令验证:
hadoop fs -ls /usr hadoop fs -mkdir usr/yuwen hadoop fs -copyFromLocal wordcount /user hadoop fs -rm -r /user/wordresult hadoop jar ~/hadoop-2.7.2/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.2.jar wordcount /user/wordcount.txt /user/wordresult_001 hadoop fs -text /user/wordresult_001/part-r-00000
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