项目场景:
问题描述:
原因分析:
解决方案:
思考:
Redisson简单配置:
使用样例:
Redisson之RedissonLock源码分析
总结:
分布式业务场景
某天线上出现数据重复处理问题,发现是单次处理时间较长,redis分布式锁提前释放导致相同请求并发处理
项目采用较简单的自定义redis分布式锁,为避免死锁定义默认过期时间10s,如下:
override fun lock() {
while (true) {
//尝试获取锁
if (tryLock()) {
return
}
try {
Thread.sleep(10)
} catch (e: InterruptedException) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
}
}
override fun tryLock(): Boolean {
val value = getUniqueSign() // 随机串
val flag = redisTemplate!!.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(name, value, 10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
if (flag != null && flag) {
VALUE_lOCAL.set(value)
INTO_NUM_LOCAL.set(if (INTO_NUM_LOCAL.get() != null) INTO_NUM_LOCAL.get() + 1 else 1)
return true
}
return false
}
缺乏对锁自动续期等实现
针对这种场景,可以考虑的是如何给锁自动续期-当业务没有执行结束的情况下,当然也可以自定义实现 比如开一个后台线程定时的给这些拿到锁的线程续期
Redisson也正是基于这种思路实现自动续期的分布式锁,各种异常情况也考虑的更加完善,综合考虑采用Redisson的分布式锁解决方案优化
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RedissonProperties::class)
class RedissonConfig {
@Bean
fun redissonClient(redissonProperties: RedissonProperties): RedissonClient {
val config = Config()
val singleServerConfig = redissonProperties.singleServerConfig!!
config.useSingleServer().setAddress(singleServerConfig.address)
.setDatabase(singleServerConfig.database)
.setUsername(singleServerConfig.username)
.setPassword(singleServerConfig.password)
.setConnectionPoolSize(singleServerConfig.connectionPoolSize)
.setConnectionMinimumIdleSize(singleServerConfig.connectionMinimumIdleSize)
.setConnectTimeout(singleServerConfig.connectTimeout)
.setIdleConnectionTimeout(singleServerConfig.idleConnectionTimeout)
.setRetryInterval(singleServerConfig.retryInterval)
.setRetryAttempts(singleServerConfig.retryAttempts)
.setTimeout(singleServerConfig.timeout)
return Redisson.create(config)
}
}
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "xxx.redisson")
class RedissonProperties {
var singleServerConfig: SingleServerConfig? = null
}
Redis服务使用的腾讯云的哨兵模式架构,此架构对外开放一个代理地址访问,因此这里配置单机模式配置即可;如果你是自己搭建的redis哨兵模式架构,需要按照文档配置相关必要参数
...
@Autowired
lateinit var redissonClient: RedissonClient
...
fun xxx() {
...
val lock = redissonClient.getLock("mylock")
lock.lock()
try {
...
} finally {
lock.unlock()
}
...
}
使用方式和JDK提供的锁是不是很像?是不是很简单?正是Redisson这类优秀的开源产品的出现,才让我们将更多的时间投入到业务开发中...
1、lock加锁操作
@Override
public void lock() {
try {
lock(-1, null, false);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
}
// 租约期限, 也就是expire时间, -1代表未设置 将使用系统默认的30s
private void lock(long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, boolean interruptibly) throws InterruptedException {
// 尝试拿锁, 如果能拿到就直接返回
long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId();
Long ttl = tryAcquire(-1, leaseTime, unit, threadId);
// lock acquired
if (ttl == null) {
return;
}
RFuture future = subscribe(threadId);
if (interruptibly) {
commandExecutor.syncSubscriptionInterrupted(future);
} else {
commandExecutor.syncSubscription(future);
}
// 如果拿不到锁就尝试一直轮循, 直到成功获取锁或者异常终止
try {
while (true) {
ttl = tryAcquire(-1, leaseTime, unit, threadId);
// lock acquired
if (ttl == null) {
break;
}
...
}
} finally {
unsubscribe(future, threadId);
}
}
1.1、tryAcquire
private Long tryAcquire(long waitTime, long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, long threadId) {
return get(tryAcquireAsync(waitTime, leaseTime, unit, threadId));
}
private RFuture tryAcquireAsync(long waitTime, long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, long threadId) {
RFuture ttlRemainingFuture;
// 调用真正获取锁的操作
if (leaseTime != -1) {
ttlRemainingFuture = tryLockInnerAsync(waitTime, leaseTime, unit, threadId, RedisCommands.EVAL_LONG);
} else {
ttlRemainingFuture = tryLockInnerAsync(waitTime, internalLockLeaseTime,
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, threadId, RedisCommands.EVAL_LONG);
}
ttlRemainingFuture.onComplete((ttlRemaining, e) -> {
if (e != null) {
return;
}
// lock acquired
// 这里是成功获取了锁, 尝试给锁续约
if (ttlRemaining == null) {
if (leaseTime != -1) {
internalLockLeaseTime = unit.toMillis(leaseTime);
} else {
scheduleExpirationRenewal(threadId);
}
}
});
return ttlRemainingFuture;
}
// 通过lua脚本真正执行加锁的操作
RFuture tryLockInnerAsync(long waitTime, long leaseTime, TimeUnit unit, long threadId, RedisStrictCommand command) {
// 如果key不存在, 那正好, 直接set并设置过期时间
// 如果key存在, 就有两种情况需要考虑
// - 同一线程获取重入锁,直接将field(也就是getLockName(threadId))对应的value值+1
// - 不同线程竞争锁, 此次加锁失败, 并直接返回此key对应的过期时间
return evalWriteAsync(getRawName(), LongCodec.INSTANCE, command,
"if (redis.call('exists', KEYS[1]) == 0) then " +
"redis.call('hincrby', KEYS[1], ARGV[2], 1); " +
"redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]); " +
"return nil; " +
"end; " +
"if (redis.call('hexists', KEYS[1], ARGV[2]) == 1) then " +
"redis.call('hincrby', KEYS[1], ARGV[2], 1); " +
"redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]); " +
"return nil; " +
"end; " +
"return redis.call('pttl', KEYS[1]);",
Collections.singletonList(getRawName()), unit.toMillis(leaseTime), getLockName(threadId));
}
1.2、scheduleExpirationRenewal给锁续约
protected void scheduleExpirationRenewal(long threadId) {
ExpirationEntry entry = new ExpirationEntry();
ExpirationEntry oldEntry = EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.putIfAbsent(getEntryName(), entry);
if (oldEntry != null) {
oldEntry.addThreadId(threadId);
} else {
entry.addThreadId(threadId);
// 续约操作
renewExpiration();
}
}
private void renewExpiration() {
ExpirationEntry ee = EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.get(getEntryName());
if (ee == null) {
return;
}
// 设置延迟任务task, 在时长internalLockLeaseTime/3之后执行, 定期给锁续期
Timeout task = commandExecutor.getConnectionManager().newTimeout(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
ExpirationEntry ent = EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.get(getEntryName());
if (ent == null) {
return;
}
Long threadId = ent.getFirstThreadId();
if (threadId == null) {
return;
}
// 真正执行续期命令操作
RFuture future = renewExpirationAsync(threadId);
future.onComplete((res, e) -> {
if (e != null) {
log.error("Can't update lock " + getRawName() + " expiration", e);
EXPIRATION_RENEWAL_MAP.remove(getEntryName());
return;
}
// 这次续期之后, 继续schedule自己, 达到持续续期的效果
if (res) {
// reschedule itself
renewExpiration();
}
});
}
}, internalLockLeaseTime / 3, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
ee.setTimeout(task);
}
// 所谓续期, 就是将expire过期时间再延长
protected RFuture renewExpirationAsync(long threadId) {
// 如果key以及当前线程存在, 则延长expire时间, 并返回1代表成功;否则返回0代表失败
return evalWriteAsync(getRawName(), LongCodec.INSTANCE, RedisCommands.EVAL_BOOLEAN,
"if (redis.call('hexists', KEYS[1], ARGV[2]) == 1) then " +
"redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[1]); " +
"return 1; " +
"end; " +
"return 0;",
Collections.singletonList(getRawName()),
internalLockLeaseTime, getLockName(threadId));
}
2、unlock解锁操作
public void unlock() {
try {
get(unlockAsync(Thread.currentThread().getId()));
} catch (RedisException e) {
...
}
}
public RFuture unlockAsync(long threadId) {
RPromise result = new RedissonPromise<>();
// 执行解锁操作
RFuture future = unlockInnerAsync(threadId);
// 操作成功之后做的事
future.onComplete((opStatus, e) -> {
// 取消续约task
cancelExpirationRenewal(threadId);
...
});
return result;
}
protected RFuture unlockInnerAsync(long threadId) {
// 如果key以及当前线程对应的记录已经不存在, 直接返回空
// 否在将field(也就是getLockName(threadId))对应的value减1
// - 如果减去1之后值还大于0, 那么重新延长过期时间
// - 如果减去之后值小于等于0, 那么直接删除key, 并发布订阅消息
return evalWriteAsync(getRawName(), LongCodec.INSTANCE, RedisCommands.EVAL_BOOLEAN,
"if (redis.call('hexists', KEYS[1], ARGV[3]) == 0) then " +
"return nil;" +
"end; " +
"local counter = redis.call('hincrby', KEYS[1], ARGV[3], -1); " +
"if (counter > 0) then " +
"redis.call('pexpire', KEYS[1], ARGV[2]); " +
"return 0; " +
"else " +
"redis.call('del', KEYS[1]); " +
"redis.call('publish', KEYS[2], ARGV[1]); " +
"return 1; " +
"end; " +
"return nil;",
Arrays.asList(getRawName(), getChannelName()), LockPubSub.UNLOCK_MESSAGE, internalLockLeaseTime, getLockName(threadId));
}
以上便是redisson对redis分布式锁的加/解锁具体实现,主要解决了以下几个问题
1、死锁问题:设置过期时间
2、可重入问题:重入+1, 释放锁-1,当值=0时代表完全释放锁
3、续约问题:可解决锁提前释放问题
4、锁释放:谁加锁就由谁来释放
本文由一个线上问题做引子,通过redis分布式锁的常用实现方案,最终选定redisson的解决方案; 并分析redisson的具体实现细节
参考:
Redisson官方文档 - 分布式锁和同步器
Redisson官方文档 - 配置方法
CSDN - 如何使用Redis实现分布式锁?