SpringCloud Day01---微服务架构编码构建
1.微服务架构编码
约定 > 配置 > 编码
1.1 IDEA新建project工作空间
1.1.1 微服务cloud整体聚合父工程Project
- New Project
- 聚合总父工程名字+项目名称
- Maven选版本
- 字符编码
- 注解生效激活
- java编译版本选8
- File Type过滤
过滤掉无用的文件(处理后只是没有显示,但实际存在.)
1.1.2 父工程POM
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.rg.springcloudgroupId>
<artifactId>cloud2021artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<packaging>pompackaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.13junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.20lombok.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.47mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.17druid.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0mybatis.spring.boot.version>
properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASEversion>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR1version>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASEversion>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
<artifactId>druidartifactId>
<version>${druid.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>${junit.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4jgroupId>
<artifactId>log4jartifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<version>1.18.20version>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
dependencies>
dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>truefork>
<addResources>trueaddResources>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
1.1.3 Maven工程落地细节复习
- Maven中的DependencyManagement和Dependencies区别
DependencyManagement
Maven 使用dependencyManagement 元素来提供了一种管理依赖版本号的方式。
通常会在一个组织或者项目的最顶层的父POM 中看到dependencyManagement 元素。
使用pom.xml 中的dependencyManagement 元素能让所有在子项目中引用一个依赖而不用显式的列出版本号。
Maven 会沿着父子层次向上走，直到找到一个拥有dependencyManagement 元素的项目，然后它就会使用这个dependencyManagement 元素中指定的版本号。
这样做的好处就是：如果有多个子项目都引用同一样依赖，则可以避免在每个使用的子项目里都声明一个版本号，这样当想升级或切换到另一个版本时，只需要在顶层父容器里更新，而不需要一个一个子项目的修改 ；另外如果某个子项目需要另外的一个版本，只需要声明version就可。
-
**dependencyManagement里只是声明依赖，并不实现引入**，因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用的依赖。 -
如果不在子项目中声明依赖，是不会从父项目中继承下来的；只有在子项目中写了该依赖项，并且没有指定具体版本， 才会从父项目中继承该项，并且version和scope都读取自父pom; -
如果**子项目中指定了版本号，那么会使用子项目中指定的jar版本**。
- maven中跳过单元测试
1.配置
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-pluginartifactId>
<configuration>
<skip>trueskip>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
2 IDEA工具支持(推荐)
1.2 Rest微服务工程构建
1.2.1 cloud-provider-payment8001微服务生产者支付Module模块
- 建cloud-provider-payment8001
创建完成后请回到父工程查看pom文件变化:
- 改POM
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2021artifactId>
<groupId>com.rg.springcloudgroupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>1.1.17version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbcartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
- 写YML
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: cloud-payment-service
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2021?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
username: root
password: 186259
mybatis:
mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml # 配置Mapper所有接口配置文件的位置.
type-aliases-package: com.rg.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包
- 主启动
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class,args);
}
}
-
业务类
-
- 建表
CREATE TABLE `payment` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID', `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8- pojo实体类
主实体Payment
/** * Description 支付类 * @author lxy * @version 1.0 * @date 2021/12/23 9:50 */ @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Payment implements Serializable { private Long id; private String serial; }Json封装体CommonResult
/** * @author lxy * @version 1.0 * @Description 前后端进行交互的结果类 * @date 2021/12/23 11:01 */ @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class CommonResult<T> { private Integer code;//状态码 private String message;//状态信息 private T data;//返回的json数据 public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){//失败时调用的方法. this(code,message,null); } }- DAO层
PaymentDao
/** * @author lxy * @version 1.0 * @Description 支付dao类 * @date 2021/12/23 11:06 */ @Mapper @Repository public interface PaymentDao { public int create(Payment payment); public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id); }PaymentMapper.xml
DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <mapper namespace="com.rg.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao"> <insert id="create" parameterType="com.rg.springcloud.pojo.Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> INSERT INTO payment(serial) VALUES(#{serial}) insert> <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.rg.springcloud.pojo.Payment"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <result column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/> resultMap> <select id="getPaymentById" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="long"> SELECT * FROM payment WHERE id = #{id} select> mapper>- service层
public interface PaymentService { public int create(Payment payment); public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id); }@Service public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService { @Autowired private PaymentDao paymentDao; @Override public int create(Payment payment) { return paymentDao.create(payment); } @Override public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) { return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id); } }- controller层
/** * @author lxy * @version 1.0 * @Description PaymentController * @date 2021/12/23 11:27 */ @Slf4j @RestController public class PaymentController { @Resource private PaymentService paymentService; @PostMapping(value = "/payment/create") public CommonResult create(Payment payment){ // ??? 为啥这里不需要@RequestBody呢?? int result = paymentService.create(payment); log.info("*****插入操作返回结果*:"+result); if(result>0) { return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据成功", result); }else { return new CommonResult(444, "插入数据失败"); } } @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id); log.info("*****查询结构:{}", payment); if(payment!=null){ return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功", payment); }else{ return new CommonResult(444, "没有对应记录,查询ID:" + id); } } } -
测试
- 小结
SpringBoot创建模块的五个步骤:
1.建module
2.改POM
3.写YML
4.主启动
5.业务类
1.2.2 热部署Devtools
1.Adding devtools to your project
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
2.Adding plugin to your pom.xml
下段配置我们粘贴进聚合父类总工程的pom.xml里
<build>
<finalName>cloud2021finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>truefork>
<addResources>trueaddResources>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
3.Enabling automatic build
4.Update the value of
5.重启IDEA
6.进行测试
1.2.3 cloud-consumer-order80:微服务消费者订单Module模块
- 建cloud-consumer-order80
- 改POM
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2021artifactId>
<groupId>com.rg.springcloudgroupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rg.springcloudgroupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commonsartifactId>
<version>${project.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
- 写YML
server:
port: 80
- 主启动
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMain80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args);
}
}
-
业务类
- pojo
同cloud-provider-payment8001模块的pojo
- 首说RestTemplate
RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，
是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类，是Spring提供的==用于访问Rest服务==的客户端模板工具集官网:https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html
使用:
使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑。
(url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表 REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。- config配置类
@Configuration public class ApplicationContextConfig { //向SpringBoot容器中加入该组件 @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate(){ return new RestTemplate(); } }4.controller
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {
public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")客户端用浏览器是get请求，但是底层实质发送post调用服务端8001
public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment){
return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class);
}
}
- 测试
备注:
使用postman或者rest client测试报出Required request body is missing 错误(而在其他场合发送post请求时根据需要进行添加该注解.)
解决：把 @RequestBody去掉
1.2.4 工程重构
- 观察问题
系统中有重复部分，所以应该重构
- 新建 cloud-api-commons
- 改POM
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2021artifactId>
<groupId>com.rg.springcloudgroupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commonsartifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutoolgroupId>
<artifactId>hutool-allartifactId>
<version>5.1.0version>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
- pojo
添加Payment实体和CommonResult通用封装类
- maven命令clean install
- 订单80和支付8001分别改造
删除各自的原先有过的entities文件夹==>各自粘贴POM内容
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rg.springcloudgroupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commonsartifactId>
<version>${project.version}version>
dependency>
1.2.5 目前工程样图
