Spring学习笔记——Spring MVC的简单实例
开发环境：MyEclipse，Spring2.0
(1)新建一个WebProject,命名为myApp，导入所需要的jar包：
在工程名上点右键-->BuildPath-->ConfigureBuildPath-->Libraries-->Add External Jars，导入spring.jar，commons-logging.jar,log4j-1.2.9.jar这3个包。（好像在Spring3.0以上的版本中，就没有spring.jar这个包了，取而代之的是一些分开的小包）。
(2)修改WEB-INF目录下web.xml文件，内容如下
View Code
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"
?>
<
web-app
version
="2.4"
xmlns
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
>
<
welcome-file-list
>
<
welcome-file
>
index.jsp
</
welcome-file
>
</
welcome-file-list
>
<
servlet
>
<
servlet-name
>
dispatcherServlet
</
servlet-name
>
<
servlet-class
>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</
servlet-class
>
<!--
初始化参数
-->
<!--
不知道为什么，如果加上下面的初始化参数，运行时就会报404错：dispatcherservlet is not available
<init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WebRoot/WEB-INF/dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
-->
</
servlet
>
<!--
拦截所有以do结尾的请求
-->
<
servlet-mapping
>
<
servlet-name
>
dispatcherServlet
</
servlet-name
>
<
url-pattern
>
*.do
</
url-pattern
>
</
servlet-mapping
>
</
web-app
>
(3)编写实现输出的JSP页面index.jsp，放在WebRoot目录下
View Code
<%
@ page language
=
"
java
"
import
=
"
java.util.*
"
pageEncoding
=
"
UTF-8
"
%>
<
html
>
<
head
><
title
>
第一个SpringMVC实例
</
title
></
head
>
<%
String
str
=
(
String
)request.getAttribute(
"
helloWorld
"
);
%>
<
body
>
<
H1
>
<%
=
str
%>
</
H1
>
</
body
>
</
html
>
(4)编写控制器HelloWorldAction.java，放在src目录下的com.jp.action包里
在Spring里，所有控制器最终都可以看作是实现了Controller接口。下面代码中的handleRequest（）方法返回一个ModelAndView，用来显示返回的页面和页面上的内容
View Code
package
com.jp.action;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.Map;
import
java.util.logging.Logger;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import
org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
//
实现了Controller接口,需要在导入spring.jar包
public
class
HelloWorldAction
implements
Controller{
private
Logger logger
=
Logger.getLogger(
this
.getClass().getName());
private
String helloWorld;
private
String viewPage;
public
String getHelloWorld() {
return
helloWorld;
}
public
void
setHelloWorld(String helloWorld) {
this
.helloWorld
=
helloWorld;
}
public
String getViewPage() {
return
viewPage;
}
public
void
setViewPage(String viewPage) {
this
.viewPage
=
viewPage;
}
//
实现Controller接口中的handleRequest方法
public
ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req,
HttpServletResponse res)
throws
Exception {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
Map model
=
new
HashMap();
model.put(
"
helloWorld
"
,getHelloWorld());
return
new
ModelAndView(getViewPage(),model);
}
}
(5)配置Spring文档dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml，放在WEB-INF目录下
View Code
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"
?>
<!
DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"
>
<
beans
>
<!--
定义映射
-->
<
bean
id
="urlMapping"
class
="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"
>
<
property
name
="mappings"
>
<
props
>
<
prop
key
="helloWorld.do"
>
helloWorldAction
</
prop
>
</
props
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<!--
定义视图
-->
<
bean
id
="viewResolver"
class
="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
>
<
property
name
="viewClass"
>
<
value
>
org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
<!--
定义控制器
-->
<
bean
id
="helloWorldAction"
class
="com.jp.action.HelloWorldAction"
>
<
property
name
="helloWorld"
>
<
value
>
Good Luck!
</
value
>
</
property
>
<
property
name
="viewPage"
>
<
value
>
/index.jsp
</
value
>
</
property
>
</
bean
>
</
beans
>
然后，将项目部署到Tomcat，在浏览器地址栏里输入http://localhost:8080/myApp/helloWorld.do ,即可看到下面的界面
