selenium处理select标签的下拉框
1.div下拉框的处理
div下拉框与其他元素一样，没有啥特殊的，只需要用xpath来定位即可。
如：现在我们来通过脚本选择下拉列表里的 $10.69
#先定位到下拉框
m=driver.find_element_by_id("ShippingMethod")
#再点击下拉框下的选项
m.find_element_by_xpath("//option[@value='10.69']").click()
time.sleep(3)2.select标签
有时候我们会碰到标签的下拉框。直接点击下拉框中的选项不一定可行。Selenium专门提供了Select类来处理下拉框。
Python
先以python为例，查看Selenium代码select.py文件的实现：
…\selenium\webdriver\support\select.py
select类
class Select:
def __init__(self, webelement):
"""
Constructor. A check is made that the given element is, indeed, a SELECT tag. If it is not,
then an UnexpectedTagNameException is thrown.
:Args:
- webelement - element SELECT element to wrap
Example:
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select \n
Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")).select_by_index(2)
"""
if webelement.tag_name.lower() != "select":
raise UnexpectedTagNameException(
"Select only works on %
webelement.tag_name)
self._el = webelement
multi = self._el.get_attribute("multiple")
self.is_multiple = multi and multi != "false"查看Select类的实现需要一个元素的定位。并且Example中给了例句。Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")).select_by_index(2)
select_by_index()
def select_by_index(self, index):
"""Select the option at the given index. This is done by examing the "index" attribute of an
element, and not merely by counting.
:Args:
- index - The option at this index will be selected
"""
match = str(index)
matched = False
for opt in self.options:
if opt.get_attribute("index") == match:
self._setSelected(opt)
if not self.is_multiple:
return
matched = True
if not matched:
raise NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with index %d" % index)继续查看select_by_index() 方法的使用并符合上面的给出的下拉框的要求，因为它要求下拉框的选项必须要有index属性，例如index=“1”。
select_by_value()
def select_by_value(self, value):
"""Select all options that have a value matching the argument. That is, when given "foo" this
would select an option like:
:Args:
- value - The value to match against
"""
css = "option[value =%s]" % self._escapeString(value)
opts = self._el.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, css)
matched = False
for opt in opts:
self._setSelected(opt)
if not self.is_multiple:
return
matched = True
if not matched:
raise NoSuchElementException("Cannot locate option with value: %s" % value)继续查看select_by_value() 方法符合我们的需求，它用于选取标签的value值。最终，可以通过下面有实现选择下拉框的选项。
完整代码
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
……
sel = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='status']")
Select(sel).select_by_value('0') #未审核
Select(sel).select_by_value('1') #初审通过
Select(sel).select_by_value('2') #复审通过
Select(sel).select_by_value('3') #审核不通过再来一个例子
现在我们来通过脚本选择下拉列表里的 “应用物理”：
##先定位到下拉框
type = driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[@id='album_create_form']/ul/li[6]/div[2]/select")
##再选择下拉框下的选项
Select(type).select_by_value("应用物理")