MMORPG大型游戏设计与开发(part4 of net)

  上一节简单的介绍了服务器消息处理的流程,想必大家对这方面有了初步的认识,接下来我们需要知道和掌握的便是其中一些重要的方法,进一步深入熟悉整个构架。

  1、FD_*系列宏函数

  FD_ZERO(fd_set *fdset) 将指定的文件描述符集清空,在对文件描述符集合进行设置前,必须对其进行初始化,如果不清空,由于在系统分配内存空间后,通常并不作清空处理,所以结果是不可知的。

  FD_SET(fd_set *fdset) 用于在文件描述符集合中增加一个新的文件描述符。FD_CLR(fd_set *fdset) 用于在文件描述符集合中删除一个文件描述符。

  FD_ISSET(int fd,fd_set *fdset) 用于测试指定的文件描述符是否在该集合中。

  2、Socket操作类

/**

 * PAP Engine ( -- )

 * $Id socket.h

 * @link -- for the canonical source repository

 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2013-2013 viticm( [email protected] )

 * @license

 * @user viticm<[email protected]>

 * @date 2013-12-31 17:34:43

 * @uses server net model socket class

 */

#ifndef PAP_SERVER_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_H_

#define PAP_SERVER_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_H_



#include "common/net/socket/base.h"



namespace pap_server_common_net {



class Socket {



 public:

   Socket(uint16_t port, uint32_t backlog = 5);

   ~Socket();



 public:

   void close();

   bool accept(pap_common_net::socket::Base* socket);

   uint32_t getlinger() const;

   bool setlinger(uint32_t lingertime);

   bool is_nonblocking() const;

   bool set_nonblocking(bool on = true);

   uint32_t getreceive_buffersize() const;

   bool setreceive_buffersize(uint32_t size);

   uint32_t getsend_buffersize() const;

   bool setsend_buffersize(uint32_t size);

   int32_t getid() const;



 protected:

   pap_common_net::socket::Base* socket_;



};



}; //namespace pap_server_common_net



#endif //PAP_SERVER_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_H_
serversocket

  这是服务器的socket操作类,构造函数(Socket(uint16_t port, uint32_t backlog = 5))需要提供一个监听端口。

  void close(); //关闭套接字。

  bool accept(pap_common_net::socket::Base* socket); //接受sokcet连接

  uint32_t getlinger() const; //获取延时

  bool setlinger(uint32_t lingertime); //设置延时

  bool is_nonblocking() const; //是否为non-blocking模式

  bool set_nonblocking(bool on = true); //设置non-blocking

  uint32_t getreceive_buffersize() const; //获取接收的buffer大小

  bool setreceive_buffersize(uint32_t size); //设置接收的buffer大小

  uint32_t getsend_buffersize() const; //获取发送的buffer大小

  bool setsend_buffersize(uint32_t size); //设置发送buffer大小

  int32_t getid() const; //获取套接字ID

  其中大家可能不了解的是non-blocking的IO模式,有一篇详细的文中供大家参考:IO模式

  3、套接字输入流和输入流操作类

#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_INPUTSTREAM_H_

#define PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_INPUTSTREAM_H_



#include "common/net/config.h"

#include "common/lib/vnet/vnet.hpp"

#include "common/net/socket/base.h"

#include "common/net/packet/base.h"



namespace pap_common_net {



namespace socket {



class InputStream {



 public: //construct and destruct

   InputStream(

       Base* socket, 

       uint32_t bufferlength = SOCKETINPUT_BUFFERSIZE_DEFAULT, 

       uint32_t bufferlength_max = SOCKETINPUT_DISCONNECT_MAXSIZE);

   virtual ~InputStream();

   

 public:

   uint32_t read(char* buffer, uint32_t length);

   bool readpacket(packet::Base* packet);

   bool peek(char* buffer, uint32_t length);

   bool skip(uint32_t length);

   uint32_t fill();

   void init();

   bool resize(int32_t size);

   uint32_t reallength();

   bool isempty();

   void cleanup();

   void setkey(unsigned char const* key);

   int32_t get_keylength();

   Base* getsocket();



 private:

   Base* socket_;

   struct packet_t* packet_;

   struct endecode_param_t* endecode_param_;



};



}; //namespace socket



}; //namespace pap_common_net



#endif //PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_INPUTSTREAM_H_
sokcet_inputstream

  套接字的输入流操作类,可以看到构造函数需要提供一个套接字对象初始化。

  functions:

  uint32_t read(char* buffer, uint32_t length); //读取一段数据

  bool readpacket(packet::Base* packet); //读取网络包

  bool peek(char* buffer, uint32_t length); //校验数据内容

  bool skip(uint32_t length); //跳过大小长度的一段数据

  uint32_t fill(); //数据修正

  void init(); //初始化

  bool resize(int32_t size); //重新分配流大小

  uint32_t reallength(); //数据实际长度

  bool isempty(); //数据是否为空

  void cleanup(); //流内部数据清理

  void setkey(unsigned char const* key); //流加密KEY设置,如果设置了这个,则网络数据全部被加密

  int32_t get_keylength(); //获取加密KEY的长度

  variables:

  Base* socket_; //套接字对象

  struct packet_t* packet_; //网络包结构

  struct endecode_param_t* endecode_param_; //加密数据结构

#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_OUTPUTSTREAM_H_

#define PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_OUTPUTSTREAM_H_



#include "common/net/config.h"

#include "common/lib/vnet/vnet.hpp"

#include "common/net/socket/base.h"

#include "common/net/packet/base.h"



namespace pap_common_net {



namespace socket {



class OutputStream {



 public:

   OutputStream(

     socket::Base* socket, 

       uint32_t bufferlength = SOCKETOUTPUT_BUFFERSIZE_DEFAULT,

       uint32_t bufferlength_max = SOCKETOUTPUT_DISCONNECT_MAXSIZE);

   ~OutputStream();



 public:

   uint32_t write(const char* buffer, uint32_t length);

   bool writepacket(const packet::Base* packet);

   uint32_t flush();

   void init();

   bool resize(int32_t size);

   uint32_t reallength();

   bool isempty();

   void cleanup();

   void setkey(unsigned char const* key);

   int32_t get_keylength();

   void getbuffer(char* buffer, uint32_t length);

   Base* getsocket();



 private:

   Base* socket_;

   struct packet_t* packet_;

   struct endecode_param_t* endecode_param_;



};



}; //namespace socket



}; //namespace pap_common_net





#endif //PAP_COMMON_NET_SOCKET_OUTPUTSTREAM_H_
socket_outputstream

  其方法和参数其实与输入流大同小异,我在这里就不一一列举了。

  4、网络包操作类和网络包管理器

/**

 * PAP Engine ( -- )

 * $Id packet.h

 * @link -- for the canonical source repository

 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2013-2013 viticm( [email protected] )

 * @license

 * @user viticm<[email protected]>

 * @date 2014-1-2 11:36:54

 * @uses server and client net pakcet class

 */

#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_BASE_H_

#define PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_BASE_H_



#include "common/net/config.h"

#include "common/net/socket/inputstream.h"

#include "common/net/socket/outputstream.h"



#define GET_PACKETINDEX(a) ((a) >> 24)

#define SET_PACKETINDEX(a,index) ((a) = (((a) & 0xffffff) + ((index) << 24)))

#define GET_PACKETLENGTH(a) ((a) & 0xffffff)

#define SET_PACKETLENGTH(a,length) ((a) = ((a) & 0xff000000) + (length))

//note cn:

//消息头中包括:uint16_t - 2字节;uint32_t - 4字节中高位一个字节为消息序列号,

//其余三个字节为消息长度

//通过GET_PACKETINDEX和GET_PACKETLENGTH宏,

//可以取得UINT数据里面的消息序列号和长度

//通过SET_PACKETINDEX和SET_PACKETLENGTH宏,

//可以设置UINT数据里面的消息序列号和长度

#define PACKET_HEADERSIZE (sizeof(uint16_t) + sizeof(uint32_t))



typedef enum {

  kPacketExecuteStatusError = 0, //表示出现严重错误,当前连接需要被强制断开 

  kPacketExecuteStatusBreak, //表示返回后剩下的消息将不在当前处理循环里处理

  kPacketExecuteStatusContinue, //表示继续在当前循环里执行剩下的消息

  kPacketExecuteStatusNotRemove, //表示继续在当前循环里执行剩下的消息,

                                  //但是不回收当前消息

  kPacketExecuteStatusNotRemoveError,

} packet_executestatus_enum;





namespace pap_common_net {



namespace packet {



class Base {



 public:

   Base();

   virtual ~Base();

 

 public:

   int8_t status_;

   int8_t index_;



 public:

   virtual void cleanup() {};

   virtual bool read(socket::InputStream& inputstream) = 0;

   virtual bool write(socket::OutputStream& outputstream) const = 0;

   virtual uint32_t execute(

       pap_server_common_net::connection::Base* connection) = 0;

   virtual uint16_t getid() const = 0;

   virtual uint32_t getsize() const = 0;

   int8_t getindex() const;

   void setindex(int8_t index);

   uint8_t getstatus() const;

   void setstatus(uint8_t status);



};



}; //namespace packet



}; //namespace pap_common_net



#endif //PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_BASE_H_
packet_base

  functions:

  virtual void cleanup() {}; //内部数据清理
  virtual bool read(socket::InputStream& inputstream) = 0; //读取网络包
  virtual bool write(socket::OutputStream& outputstream) const = 0; //写入网络包
  virtual uint32_t execute(
  pap_server_common_net::connection::Base* connection) = 0; //网络包执行
  virtual uint16_t getid() const = 0; //获取包ID
  virtual uint32_t getsize() const = 0; //获取包大小
  int8_t getindex() const; //获取包索引
  void setindex(int8_t index); //设置包索引
  uint8_t getstatus() const; //获取包状态
  void setstatus(uint8_t status); //设置包状态

  variables:

  int8_t status_; //状态

  int8_t index_; //索引

/**

 * PAP Engine ( -- )

 * $Id factorymanager.h

 * @link -- for the canonical source repository

 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2013-2013 viticm( [email protected] )

 * @license

 * @user viticm<[email protected]>

 * @date 2014-1-3 10:11:38

 * @uses server and client net packet factory manager

 */

#ifndef PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_FACTORYMANAGER_H_

#define PAP_COMMON_NET_PACKET_FACTORYMANAGER_H_



#include "common/net/config.h"

#include "common/net/packet/factory.h"

#include "common/sys/thread.h"



namespace pap_common_net {



namespace packet {



class FactoryManager {



 public:

   FactoryManager();

   ~FactoryManager();



 public:

   uint32_t* packet_alloccount_;

 

 public:

   bool init();

   //根据消息类型从内存里分配消息实体数据(允许多线程同时调用)

   Base* createpacket(uint16_t pakcetid);

   //根据消息类型取得对应消息的最大尺寸(允许多线程同时调用)

   uint32_t getpacket_maxsize(uint16_t packetid);

   //删除消息实体(允许多线程同时调用)

   void removepacket(Base* packet);

   void lock();

   void unlock();

   static bool isvalid_packetid(uint16_t id); //packetid is valid



 private:

   Factory** factories_;

   uint16_t size_;

   pap_common_sys::ThreadLock lock_;



 private:

   void addfactory(Factory* factory);

   void addfactories_for_billinglogin();

   void addfactories_for_serverserver();

   void addfactories_for_clientlogin();

   void addfactories_for_loginworld();

   void addfactories_for_serverworld();

   void addfactories_for_clientserver();



};



}; //namespace packet



}; //namespace pap_common_net



extern pap_common_net::packet::FactoryManager* g_packetfactory_manager;



#endif //COMMON_NET_PACKETFACTORY_H_
packet_factorymanager

  网络包工厂管理器,即是把所有包对象加入到一个管理器中,然后有需要的时候再从工厂中取出来使用。

  5、服务器select模式

  上一部分的代码中,大家应该也看到了这个代码。那么为什么要select呢?服务器一次普通阻塞之下,一次只能一对一的问答,如果多个同时访问,就要讲究先来后到了。为了避免这样的问题,解决多用户同时访问不需要等待,则使用了select模式。那么我们来看看这个函数的具体用法与解释,还是引用一个前人已经总结出来的文章:socket的select

  下一部分将用一个服务器的实例来讲诉网络部分一次访问的过程。

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