给她讲最爱的SpringBoot源码

1 Spring boot源码环境构建

推荐环境：

idea：2020.3

gradle:版本gradle-6.5.1

jdk：1.8

注意！idea和gradle的版本有兼容性问题，要注意搭配

1.1 Spring boot源码下载

1、从github获取源码，网址：

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot

我们要搭建的是2.4.3.RELEASE版本，所以点击release 之后在tags查找相应版本或者访问

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/releases/tag/v2.4.3

找到 后点击sourcecode下载源码压缩包

目录结构

Spring-boot-project 核心代码，代码量很多（197508 行）
Spring-boot-tests 测试代码

2、直接用提供的源码包（推荐）

将源码导入到idea。漫长的等待……

1.2 Spring boot源码编译

1、环境配置

推荐配置：

2、开始gradle构建

使用idea的build，不要用gradle的任务

看到下面的BUILE SUCESSFUL表示成功

1.3 Spring boot冒烟测试

在springboot-boot-tests模块下很多冒烟测试的，会拖慢上面的编译，只留下了一个：

spring-boot-smoke-test-hibernate52工程来进行冒烟测试，打开Hibernate52Application.java文件，直接执行main方法启动springboot，成功!

org.springframework.boot.tests.hibernate52.Hibernate52Application

package org.springframework.boot.tests.hibernate52;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Hibernate52Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Hibernate52Application.class, args);
	}

}

执行run

console中出现我们熟悉的图标。

2 Spring boot源码深度剖析

引言
使用过SpringBoot开发项目的读者应该都能够感觉到
SpringBoot的开发完成后，只需要通过执行一个main方法就可以将整个web项目启动
无需将项目的jar文件放在tomcat下，然后启动tomcat，进而启动项目。
除此之外，好多依赖的jar包也无需我们再进行手动配置，减少了配置，
同时也减少了许多xml文件的配置，大大简化了我们的开发过程
那么
springboot在启动的时候到底做了哪些事情？

2.1 Spring boot启动流程剖析

第一步：new SpringApplication(primarySources)

第二步：run！

2.1.1 Spring boot启动流程剖析

Debug一下，追踪一下整个启动过程

main方法作为程序的入口，执行SpringApplication.run(),传入参数是启动类的class对象

1）Spring boot源码入口

@SpringBootApplication
public class Hibernate52Application {

	public static void main(String[] args)  {
		SpringApplication.run(Hibernate52Application.class, args);
	}

}

跟踪run方法；进入到

参数一可支持多个主要资源。

	public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?> primarySource, String... args) {
		return run(new Class<?>[] { primarySource }, args);
	}

继续进入到run方法

	public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?>[] primarySources, String[] args) {
		return new SpringApplication(primarySources).run(args);
	}

2）构造器（new）

//方法目标
//1、初始化资源加载器（classloader）
//2、处理primarySources
//3、web应用类型推断 （web、reactive、servlet）
//4、通过spring.factories加载配置类并初始化监听器 （SPI） 【重点】
//5、提取主类

	public SpringApplication(ResourceLoader resourceLoader, Class<?>... primarySources) {
		//null；资源加载器，用来获取 Resource 和 classLoader 以及加载资源
		this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
		Assert.notNull(primarySources, "PrimarySources must not be null");
		//存放主加载类；set中可同时创建多个Application,最后要解析这个来源上的注解
		this.primarySources = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(primarySources));
		//推断 web 类型：servlet 或 reactive
		this.webApplicationType = WebApplicationType.deduceFromClasspath();
//		0个，从spring.factories中找出Bootstrapper对应的属性
		this.bootstrappers = new ArrayList<>(getSpringFactoriesInstances(Bootstrapper.class));
//		7个，设置初始化器，从spring.factories中找出ApplicationContextInitializer对应的属性
		setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
//		9个，设置监听器 从spring.factories中找出ApplicationListener对应的属性
		setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
		//找出主函数main的类
		this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
	}

上面 的代码最终会调用到getSpringFactoriesInstances，从spring.factories加载属性配置

加载核心源码如下

下面代码

首先会用classLoader加载类路径下的所有spring.factories的配置内容，loadSpringFactories方法将返回一个key=接口名，value=实现类集合的Map结构

private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(ClassLoader classLoader) {
    // 先试着取缓存
		Map<String, List<String>> result = cache.get(classLoader);
		if (result != null) {
			return result;
		}

		result = new HashMap<>();
		try {
             // 获取所有spring.factories的URL（3个地方）
			Enumeration<URL> urls = classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION);
            // 遍历URL
			while (urls.hasMoreElements()) {
				URL url = urls.nextElement();
				UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
                 // 加载每个URL中的properties配置
				Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
           
				for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : properties.entrySet()) {
                    
					String factoryTypeName = ((String) entry.getKey()).trim();
                          // 将实现类的配置按照","符号分割开
					String[] factoryImplementationNames =
							StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) entry.getValue());
					for (String factoryImplementationName : factoryImplementationNames) {
                             // 逐个添加到接口对应的集合当中
						result.computeIfAbsent(factoryTypeName, key -> new ArrayList<>())
								.add(factoryImplementationName.trim());
					}
				}
			}

			// Replace all lists with unmodifiable lists containing unique elements
			result.replaceAll((factoryType, implementations) -> implementations.stream().distinct()
					.collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(Collectors.toList(), Collections::unmodifiableList)));
            //加入缓存
			cache.put(classLoader, result);
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [" +
					FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex);
		}
		return result;
	}

主要的spring.factories

spring-boot-2.4.3/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-autoconfigure/build/resources/main/META-INF/spring.factories


spring-boot-2.4.3/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/build/resources/main/META-INF/spring.factories


spring-beans-5.3.4.jar!/META-INF/spring.factories

构造器流程总结

1、处理资源加载器、主要资源primarySources

2、web应用类型推断

3、从spring.factories中找出引导包装器、初始化器、监听器

4、设置应用程序主类

3）boot运行（run）

发布事件

打印banner

初始化ioc容器，启动tomcat

七大步骤

//七大步骤
	public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
		//计时器
		StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
		stopWatch.start(); //开始计时
		//  创建启动上下文对象
		DefaultBootstrapContext bootstrapContext = createBootstrapContext();
		// 可配置的程序容器
		ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
		// 设置属性 不重要
		configureHeadlessProperty();
			// 第一步：获取并启动监听器    从spring.factories文件中加载【测试点】
		SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
			//监听器发布ApplicationStartingEvent 事件.
		listeners.starting(bootstrapContext, this.mainApplicationClass);
		try {
			// 对参数进行包装（ApplicationArguments）
			ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
			//第二步：准备应用程序环境【关键点】
			ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, bootstrapContext, applicationArguments);
			// 配置忽略bean的信息（不重要）
			configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
			//第三步： 打印banner（可自定义，参考讲义）【关键点】
			Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
            // 第四步：创建spring容器
			context = createApplicationContext();
			context.setApplicationStartup(this.applicationStartup);
			//第五步：准备 applicationContext
			prepareContext(bootstrapContext, context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
			//第六步：ioc的refresh创建容器，初始化bean，tomcat也在这里被启动起来 【关键点】
			refreshContext(context); 
			//第七步：上下文刷新后触发（空方法）
			afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
			stopWatch.stop();//停止计时
			if (this.logStartupInfo) {
				new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass).logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
			}
			// 发布started事件
			listeners.started(context);
			//执行runner的run方法 【测试点】
			callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
		} catch (Throwable ex) {
			// 异常处理
			handleRunFailure(context, ex, listeners);
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}

		try {
			// 触发running事件
			listeners.running(context);
		} catch (Throwable ex) {
			handleRunFailure(context, ex, null);
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		// 返回最终构建的容器对象
		return context;
	}

2.1.2 Spring boot七大步骤详解

1）获取并启动监听器

这里的启动监听就是我们需要监听SpringBoot的启动流程监听，实现SpringApplicationRunListener类即可监听

	//获取spring.factories中 key为SpringApplicationRunListener的对象实例。
	private SpringApplicationRunListeners getRunListeners(String[] args) {
		Class<?>[] types = new Class<?>[]{SpringApplication.class, String[].class};
		// 通过从 spring.factories 中获取 SpringApplicationRunListener 类型的配置类
		return new SpringApplicationRunListeners(logger,
				getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringApplicationRunListener.class, types, this, args),
				this.applicationStartup);
	}

查看具体SpringApplicationRunListener都有哪些方法

package org.springframework.boot;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader;


public interface SpringApplicationRunListener {

	/**
	 * Called immediately when the run method has first started. Can be used for very
	 * early initialization.
	 * @param bootstrapContext the bootstrap context
	 */
	//当调用run方法后会立即调用，可以用于非常早期的初始化
	default void starting(ConfigurableBootstrapContext bootstrapContext) {
		starting();
	}

	/**
	 * Called immediately when the run method has first started. Can be used for very
	 * early initialization.
	 * @deprecated since 2.4.0 in favor of {@link #starting(ConfigurableBootstrapContext)}
	 */
	@Deprecated
	default void starting() {
	}

	/**
	 * Called once the environment has been prepared, but before the
	 * {@link ApplicationContext} has been created.
	 * @param bootstrapContext the bootstrap context
	 * @param environment the environment
	 */
	//环境准备好之后调用
	default void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableBootstrapContext bootstrapContext,
			ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
		environmentPrepared(environment);
	}

	/**
	 * Called once the environment has been prepared, but before the
	 * {@link ApplicationContext} has been created.
	 * @param environment the environment
	 * @deprecated since 2.4.0 in favor of
	 * {@link #environmentPrepared(ConfigurableBootstrapContext, ConfigurableEnvironment)}
	 */
	@Deprecated
	default void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
	}

	/**
	 * Called once the {@link ApplicationContext} has been created and prepared, but
	 * before sources have been loaded.
	 * @param context the application context
	 */
	//在加载资源之前，ApplicationContex准备好之后调用
	default void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
	}

	/**
	 * Called once the application context has been loaded but before it has been
	 * refreshed.
	 * @param context the application context
	 */
	//在加载应用程序上下文但在其刷新之前调用
	default void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
	}

	/**
	 * The context has been refreshed and the application has started but
	 * {@link CommandLineRunner CommandLineRunners} and {@link ApplicationRunner
	 * ApplicationRunners} have not been called.
	 * @param context the application context.
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 */
	/**
	 * 上下文已经刷新且应用程序已启动且所有{@link CommandLineRunner commandLineRunner}
	 * 和{@link ApplicationRunner ApplicationRunners}未调用之前调用
	 */
	default void started(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
	}

	/**
	 * Called immediately before the run method finishes, when the application context has
	 * been refreshed and all {@link CommandLineRunner CommandLineRunners} and
	 * {@link ApplicationRunner ApplicationRunners} have been called.
	 * @param context the application context.
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 */
	/**
	 * 当应用程序上下文被刷新并且所有{@link CommandLineRunner commandLineRunner}
	 * 和{@link ApplicationRunner ApplicationRunners}都已被调用时，在run方法结束之前立即调用。
	 */

	default void running(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
	}

	/**
	 * Called when a failure occurs when running the application.
	 * @param context the application context or {@code null} if a failure occurred before
	 * the context was created
	 * @param exception the failure
	 * @since 2.0.0
	 */
	//在启动过程发生失败时调用
	default void failed(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
	}

}

2）准备应用程序环境

创建并配置SpringBooty应用将要使用的Environment

//不看细节，看返回的环境数据即可
	//创建并配置SpringBooty应用将要使用的Environment
	//过程如下：
	//	1、创建配置环境 ConfigurableEnvironment
	//	2、加载属性文件资源
	//	3、配置监听
	private ConfigurableEnvironment prepareEnvironment(SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners,
													   DefaultBootstrapContext bootstrapContext, ApplicationArguments applicationArguments) {
		// 根据不同的web类型创建不同实现的Environment对象
		ConfigurableEnvironment environment = getOrCreateEnvironment();
		// 配置环境
		configureEnvironment(environment, applicationArguments.getSourceArgs());
		ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
		// 发送环境已准备完成事件
		listeners.environmentPrepared(bootstrapContext, environment);
		DefaultPropertiesPropertySource.moveToEnd(environment);
		// 根据命令行参数中spring.profiles.active属性配置Environment对象中的activeProfile（比如dev、prod、test）
		configureAdditionalProfiles(environment);
		// 绑定环境中spring.main属性绑定到SpringApplication对象中
		bindToSpringApplication(environment);
		// 如果用户使用spring.main.web-application-type属性手动设置了webApplicationType
		if (!this.isCustomEnvironment) {
			// 将环境对象转换成用户设置的webApplicationType相关类型，他们是继承同一个父类，直接强转
			environment = new EnvironmentConverter(getClassLoader()).convertEnvironmentIfNecessary(environment,
					deduceEnvironmentClass());
		}
		ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment);
		return environment; //环境查看（控制台）
	}

 

查看环境

3）控制台打印Banner

	private Banner printBanner(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
		// banner模式，可以是console、log、off
		if (this.bannerMode == Banner.Mode.OFF) {
			return null;
		}
		ResourceLoader resourceLoader = (this.resourceLoader != null) ? this.resourceLoader
				: new DefaultResourceLoader(null);
		SpringApplicationBannerPrinter bannerPrinter = new SpringApplicationBannerPrinter(resourceLoader, this.banner);
		//日志打印banner
		if (this.bannerMode == Mode.LOG) {
			return bannerPrinter.print(environment, this.mainApplicationClass, logger);
		}
		//控制台打印banner
		return bannerPrinter.print(environment, this.mainApplicationClass, System.out);
	}

最终打印

通过org.springframework.boot.ResourceBanner#printBanner

	@Override
	public void printBanner(Environment environment, Class<?> sourceClass, PrintStream out) {
		try {
			String banner = StreamUtils.copyToString(this.resource.getInputStream(),
					environment.getProperty("spring.banner.charset", Charset.class, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

			for (PropertyResolver resolver : getPropertyResolvers(environment, sourceClass)) {
				banner = resolver.resolvePlaceholders(banner);
			}
			out.println(banner);//此处打印
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			logger.warn(LogMessage.format("Banner not printable: %s (%s: '%s')", this.resource, ex.getClass(),
					ex.getMessage()), ex);
		}
	}

截图如下

4）创建应用上下文对象

	protected ConfigurableApplicationContext createApplicationContext() {
		return this.applicationContextFactory.create(this.webApplicationType);
	}

调用到下面

public interface ApplicationContextFactory {

	/**
	 * A default {@link ApplicationContextFactory} implementation that will create an
	 * appropriate context for the {@link WebApplicationType}.
	 */
	//返回一个应用程序上下文
	ApplicationContextFactory DEFAULT = (webApplicationType) -> {
		try {
			switch (webApplicationType) {
			case SERVLET:
				return new AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext();
			case REACTIVE:
				return new AnnotationConfigReactiveWebServerApplicationContext();
			default:
				return new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
			}
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("Unable create a default ApplicationContext instance, "
					+ "you may need a custom ApplicationContextFactory", ex);
		}
	};

5）准备应用上下文

核心代码如下

	/**
	 * Spring容器准备
	 */
	private void prepareContext(DefaultBootstrapContext bootstrapContext, ConfigurableApplicationContext context,
								ConfigurableEnvironment environment, SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners,
								ApplicationArguments applicationArguments, Banner printedBanner) {
		context.setEnvironment(environment);//设置环境
		postProcessApplicationContext(context);//设置上下文
		// 执行所有ApplicationContextInitializer对象的initialize方法（这些对象是通过读取spring.factories加载）
		applyInitializers(context);//设置初始化工作（不用看）
		// 发布上下文准备完成事件到所有监听器
		listeners.contextPrepared(context);//触发监听器
		bootstrapContext.close(context);
		if (this.logStartupInfo) { //日志操作
			logStartupInfo(context.getParent() == null);
			logStartupProfileInfo(context);
		}
		// 获取工厂 DefaultListableBeanFactory
		ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = context.getBeanFactory();
		//注册单例对象
		beanFactory.registerSingleton("springApplicationArguments", applicationArguments);
		if (printedBanner != null) {
			//注册banner单例对象
			beanFactory.registerSingleton("springBootBanner", printedBanner);
		}
		if (beanFactory instanceof DefaultListableBeanFactory) {
			//是否覆盖bean
			((DefaultListableBeanFactory) beanFactory)
					.setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding(this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding);
		}
		if (this.lazyInitialization) { //是否懒加载
			context.addBeanFactoryPostProcessor(new LazyInitializationBeanFactoryPostProcessor());
		}
		// Load the sources
		Set