Spring 是一个非常流行和成功的 Java 应用开发框架。Spring Security 基于 Spring 框架,提供了一套Web 应用安全性的完整解决方案。一般来说,Web 应用的安全性包括用户认证(Authentication)和用户授权(Authorization)两个部分。
Spring Security 是针对Spring项目的安全框架,也是Spring Boot底层安全模块默认的技术选型,可以实现强大的Web安全控制,对于安全控制,仅需要引入 spring-boot-starter-security 模块,进行少量的配置,即可实现强大的安全管理!
几个重要的类
Spring Security的两个主要目标是 “认证” 和 “授权”(访问控制)
“认证”(Authentication)
“授权” (Authorization)
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleafgroupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5artifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extrasgroupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8timeartifactId>
dependency>
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* @author 缘友一世
* date 2022/9/11-21:56
*/
@Controller
public class RouterController {
@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/toLogin")
public String toLogin() {
return "views/login";
}
@RequestMapping("/level1/{id}")
public String level1(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
return "views/level1/"+id;
}
@RequestMapping("/level2/{id}")
public String level2(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
return "views/level2/"+id;
}
@RequestMapping("/level3/{id}")
public String level3(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
return "views/level3/"+id;
}
}
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-securityartifactId>
dependency>
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
/**
* @author 缘友一世
* date 2022/9/11-22:13
*/
// 开启WebSecurity模式
@EnableWebSecurity //AOP 拦截器
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
//链式编程
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
}
//链式编程
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//首页所有人可以访问,功能页面只有对应的人可以访问
//请求授权的规则
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
.antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
.antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
}
//没有权限默认回到登录页面,需要开启登录的页面
http.formLogin();
/**
* 要将前端传过来的密码进行某种方式加密,否则就无法登录
* @param auth
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override //认证 密码编码 PassWordEncoder
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
.withUser("yang").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip2","vip3")
.and()
.withUser("root").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1","vip2","vip3")
.and()
.withUser("guest").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1");
}
开启自动配置的注销的功能
@EnableWebSecurity //AOP 拦截器
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
//链式编程
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//首页所有人可以访问,功能页面只有对应的人可以访问
//请求授权的规则
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
.antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
.antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
//注销 跳到首页
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");
在前端,增加一个注销的按钮, index.html 导航栏中
<a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
<i class="address card icon">i> 注销
a>
不同身份的用户,显示不同内容
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extrasgroupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4artifactId>
<version>3.0.4.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4">
<div class="right menu">
<div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
<i class="address card icon">i> 登录
a>
div>
<div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item" >
用户名:<span sec:authentication="name">span>
a>
div>
<div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
<i class="sign-out icon">i> 注销
a>
div>
div>
- 如果注销404,就是因为它默认防止csrf跨站请求伪造,因为会产生安全问题,我们可以将请求改为post表单提交,或者在spring security中关闭csrf功能;我们试试
//链式编程
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//首页所有人可以访问,功能页面只有对应的人可以访问
//请求授权的规则
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
.antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
.antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
//没有权限默认回到登录页面,需要开启登录的页面
http.formLogin().loginProcessingUrl("/login");
//防止网站攻击 csrf--跨站请求伪造
http.csrf().disable();
//注销 跳到首页
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");
}
角色功能块
<div>
<br>
<div class="ui three column stackable grid">
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 1h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-1-1a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-1-2a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-1-3a>div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip2')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 2h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-2-1a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-2-2a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-2-3a>div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip3')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 3h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-3-1a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-3-2a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-3-3a>div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
//链式编程
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//首页所有人可以访问,功能页面只有对应的人可以访问
//请求授权的规则
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
.antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
.antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
//没有权限默认回到登录页面,需要开启登录的页面
http.formLogin().loginProcessingUrl("/login");// 登陆表单提交请求
//防止网站攻击 csrf--跨站请求伪造
http.csrf().disable();
//注销 跳到首页
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");
//开启记住功能 cookie默认保持两周 自定义接收前端的参数
http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");
}
- 原理:登录成功后,将cookie发送给浏览器保存,以后登录带上这个cookie,只要通过检查就可以免登录了。如果点击注销,则会删除这个cookie
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
<div class="field">
<label>Usernamelabel>
<div class="ui left icon input">
<input type="text" placeholder="Username" name="username">
<i class="user icon">i>
div>
div>
<div class="field">
<label>Passwordlabel>
<div class="ui left icon input">
<input type="password" name="password">
<i class="lock icon">i>
div>
div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="remember"> 记住我
div>
<input type="submit" class="ui blue submit button"/>
form>
//链式编程
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//首页所有人可以访问,功能页面只有对应的人可以访问
//请求授权的规则
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
.antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
.antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
//没有权限默认回到登录页面,需要开启登录的页面
http.formLogin().loginPage("/toLogin");
//防止网站攻击 csrf--跨站请求伪造
http.csrf().disable();
//注销 跳到首页
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");
//开启记住功能 cookie默认保持两周 自定义接收前端的参数
http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");
}
http.formLogin()
.usernameParameter("username")
.passwordParameter("password")
.loginPage("/toLogin")
.loginProcessingUrl("/login"); // 登陆表单提交请求
<input type="checkbox" name="remember"> 记住我
//定制记住我的参数!
http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extrasgroupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4artifactId>
<version>3.0.4.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleafgroupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5artifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf.extrasgroupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8timeartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-securityartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* @author 缘友一世
* date 2022/9/11-21:56
*/
@Controller
public class RouterController {
@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
public String index() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/toLogin")
public String toLogin() {
return "views/login";
}
@RequestMapping("/level1/{id}")
public String level1(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
return "views/level1/"+id;
}
@RequestMapping("/level2/{id}")
public String level2(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
return "views/level2/"+id;
}
@RequestMapping("/level3/{id}")
public String level3(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
return "views/level3/"+id;
}
}
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
/**
* @author 缘友一世
* date 2022/9/11-22:13
*/
@EnableWebSecurity //AOP 拦截器
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
//链式编程
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
//首页所有人可以访问,功能页面只有对应的人可以访问
//请求授权的规则
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
.antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
.antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");
//没有权限默认回到登录页面,需要开启登录的页面
http.formLogin().usernameParameter("username")
.passwordParameter("password")
.loginPage("/toLogin")
.loginProcessingUrl("/login");
//防止网站攻击 csrf--跨站请求伪造
http.csrf().disable();
//注销 跳到首页
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");
//开启记住功能 cookie默认保持两周 自定义接收前端的参数
http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");
}
/**
* 要将前端传过来的密码进行某种方式加密,否则就无法登录
* @param auth
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override //认证 密码编码 PassWordEncoder
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
.withUser("yang").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip2","vip3")
.and()
.withUser("root").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1","vip2","vip3")
.and()
.withUser("guest").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1");
}
}
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<title>登录title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
head>
<body>
<div class="ui container">
<div class="ui segment">
<div style="text-align: center">
<h1 class="header">登录h1>
div>
<div class="ui placeholder segment">
<div class="ui column very relaxed stackable grid">
<div class="column">
<div class="ui form">
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
<div class="field">
<label>Usernamelabel>
<div class="ui left icon input">
<input type="text" placeholder="Username" name="username">
<i class="user icon">i>
div>
div>
<div class="field">
<label>Passwordlabel>
<div class="ui left icon input">
<input type="password" name="password">
<i class="lock icon">i>
div>
div>
<div class="field">
<input type="checkbox" name="remember"> 记住我
div>
<input type="submit" class="ui blue submit button"/>
form>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<div style="text-align: center">
<div class="ui label">
i>注册
div>
<br><br>
<small>blog.kuangstudy.comsmall>
div>
<div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
<h3>Spring Security Studyh3>
div>
div>
div>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}">script>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/semantic.min.js}">script>
body>
html>
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<title>首页title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link th:href="@{/qinjiang/css/qinstyle.css}" rel="stylesheet">
head>
<body>
<div class="ui container">
<div class="ui segment" id="index-header-nav" th:fragment="nav-menu">
<div class="ui secondary menu">
<a class="item" th:href="@{/index}">首页a>
<div class="right menu">
<div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
<i class="address card icon">i> 登录
a>
div>
<div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item" >
用户名:<span sec:authentication="name">span>
a>
div>
<div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
<a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
<i class="sign-out icon">i> 注销
a>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
<h3>Spring Security Studyh3>
div>
<div>
<br>
<div class="ui three column stackable grid">
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 1h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-1-1a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-1-2a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level1/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-1-3a>div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip2')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 2h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-2-1a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-2-2a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level2/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-2-3a>div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip3')">
<div class="ui raised segment">
<div class="ui">
<div class="content">
<h5 class="content">Level 3h5>
<hr>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-3-1a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-3-2a>div>
<div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon">i> Level-3-3a>div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
div>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}">script>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/semantic.min.js}">script>
body>
html>