excel/csv 导出与导入(包含日期处理)

1.基本介绍

excel的导出导入,使用了组件jxls;csv的导出导入,使用了组件opencsv。组件是挺好用,可惜官网没有找到完整的例子,尤其是针对日期格式的处理,相关例子更少。经过一番研究,对一些基本的功能给出示例代码,对于更复杂的功能就请参看官方文档了。

需要加入的jar包:


    org.jxls
    jxls
    2.4.7


    org.jxls
    jxls-poi
    1.0.16


    org.jxls
    jxls-reader
    2.0.5


    com.opencsv
    opencsv
    4.0

操作的目标bean

public class LogResult {
    private int logId;
    private String model;
    private String ip;
    private String operatorName;
    private String logContent;
    private Date gmtCreate;

    public static List generateSampleData() throws ParseException {  
        List logReports = new ArrayList();  
        logReports.add( new LogResult(1, "1", "192.168.1.1", "张三1", "内容1", new Date()) );
        logReports.add( new LogResult(2, "2", "192.168.1.1", "张三1", "内容2", new Date()) );  
        logReports.add( new LogResult(3, "3", "192.168.1.1", "张三1", "内容3", new Date()) );  
        logReports.add( new LogResult(4, "4", "192.168.1.2", "张三2", "内容4", new Date()) );  
        logReports.add( new LogResult(5, "5", "192.168.1.2", "张三2", "内容5", new Date()) );  
        logReports.add( new LogResult(6, "6", "192.168.1.3", "张三3", "内容6", new Date()) );  
        logReports.add( new LogResult(7, "7", "192.168.1.3", "张三3", "内容7", new Date()) );  
        return logReports;  
    }
}

2.excel导出:

  1. 首先需要设置导出模板,也就是告诉程序,bean对象和xls文件是如何对应的。


    导出模板

模板说明:
单元格A1添加注释,表示模板范围为A1~F2
jx:area(lastCell="F2")

单元格A2添加注释,表示模板与bean的映射关系
jx:each(items="logReports" var="logReport" lastCell="F2")

对于日期的处理,dateFormat是一个自定义对象
${dateFormat.format(logReport.gmtCreate)}

  1. 导出
public class MyExport {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ParseException {
        List logReports = LogResult.generateSampleData(); 
        
        try (InputStream is = LogResult.class.getResourceAsStream("myExport.xls")) {
            try (OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("target/myExport.xls")) {
                //设置待导出数据
                Context context = new Context();
                context.putVar("logReports", logReports);
                //日期格式化
                SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");  
                context.putVar("dateFormat", dateFormat);
                
                JxlsHelper.getInstance().processTemplate(is, os, context);
            }
        }
    }
}

因为使用了组件,所以导出变得十分简单,需要注意的是对日期格式要进行额外处理,这里自定义了一个dateFormat对象。

3.csv导出:

csv的导出不需要设置模板,表头和字段都是自己手动控制的,同样也需要注意对日期格式的处理。

public class MyExport {
    //设置头
    private static final String[] CSV_HEADER = { "日志id", "模块", "ip", "操作员", "日志内容", "操作时间" };

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
        //待导出数据
        List logReports = LogResult.generateSampleData(); 

        FileWriter fileWriter = null;
        CSVWriter csvWriter = null;

        try {
            fileWriter = new FileWriter("myExport.csv");

            //设置输出格式
            csvWriter = new CSVWriter(fileWriter, CSVWriter.DEFAULT_SEPARATOR, CSVWriter.NO_QUOTE_CHARACTER,
                    CSVWriter.DEFAULT_ESCAPE_CHARACTER, CSVWriter.DEFAULT_LINE_END);

            //输出头
            csvWriter.writeNext(CSV_HEADER);

            //日期转换
            SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
            
            //输出对象
            for (LogResult logReport : logReports) {
                String[] data = { logReport.getLogId()+"", logReport.getModel(), logReport.getIp(), logReport.getOperatorName(), logReport.getLogContent(),dateFormat.format(logReport.getGmtCreate()) };

                csvWriter.writeNext(data);
            }

            System.out.println("Write CSV using CSVWriter successfully!");

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Writing CSV error!");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                fileWriter.flush();
                csvWriter.close();
                fileWriter.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("Flushing/closing error!");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

4.excel导入:

  1. 首先需要配置模板,向程序说明excel文件和bean的映射关系,这次是使用xml文件。关于xml怎么写,就结合xls和xml文件来自己分析吧,用文字解释反而很麻烦。

  
    
logReport.logId logReport.model logReport.ip logReport.operatorName logReport.logContent logReport.gmtCreate
  1. 待导入的文件


    待导入的文件
  2. 导入

public class MyImport {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        List logReports = parseExcelFileToBeans(new File("D:\\myImport.xls"),
                new File("D:\\config.xml"));
        System.out.println(logReports);
    }

    public static  List parseExcelFileToBeans(final File xlsFile, final File jxlsConfigFile) throws Exception {
        final XLSReader xlsReader = ReaderBuilder.buildFromXML(jxlsConfigFile);
        final List result = new ArrayList<>();
        final Map beans = new HashMap<>();
        beans.put("result", result);
        try (InputStream inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(xlsFile))) {
            xlsReader.read(inputStream, beans);
        }
        return result;
    }
}

注意myImport.xls文件中的gmtCreate列,需要按日期格式填写,只要excel能将其识别为日期,jxls就能将其映射成java.util.Date类型。如果你填入一个看起来像日期的字符串,那就肯定映射不上去了。

5.csv导入:

  1. 待导入的csv文件
日志id,模块,ip,操作员,日志内容,操作时间
1,1,192.168.1.1,张三1,内容1,2018-11-29 10:49:48
2,2,192.168.1.1,张三1,内容2,2018-11-29 10:49:48
3,3,192.168.1.1,张三1,内容3,2018-11-29 10:49:48
4,4,192.168.1.2,张三2,内容4,2018-11-29 10:49:48
5,5,192.168.1.2,张三2,内容5,2018-11-29 10:49:48
6,6,192.168.1.3,张三3,内容6,2018-11-29 10:49:48
7,7,192.168.1.3,张三3,内容7,2018-11-29 10:49:48
  1. 使用opencsv导入,这里是按位置进行映射,
public class MyImport {
    private static final String SAMPLE_CSV_FILE_PATH = "D:\\with-header.csv";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //处理日期格式
        PropertyEditorManager.registerEditor(Date.class, DateEditor.class);
        
        try (
            Reader reader = Files.newBufferedReader(Paths.get(SAMPLE_CSV_FILE_PATH));
        ) {
            //按位置进行映射
            ColumnPositionMappingStrategy strategy = new ColumnPositionMappingStrategy();
            strategy.setType(LogResult.class);
            String[] memberFieldsToBindTo = {"logId", "model", "ip", "operatorName", "logContent", "gmtCreate"};
            strategy.setColumnMapping(memberFieldsToBindTo);

            CsvToBean csvToBean = new CsvToBeanBuilder(reader)
                    .withMappingStrategy(strategy)
                    .withSkipLines(1)
                    .withIgnoreLeadingWhiteSpace(true)
                    .build();

            Iterator LogResultIterator = csvToBean.iterator();

            while (LogResultIterator.hasNext()) {
                LogResult LogResult = LogResultIterator.next();
                System.out.println(LogResult);
            }
        }
    }
}
  1. 注意这里的日期处理,需要额外定义一个类
public class DateEditor extends PropertyEditorSupport {
   
   public static final SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

   /**
    * 处理日期格式
    */
   @Override
   public void setAsText(String text){
        try {
            setValue(sdf.parse(text));
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
   }
}

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