1.概述
现生产库中主要使用的是MySQL-5.7这个版本，而很多企业在测试环境或者生产环境，为了节省服务器的资源，便有了一服务器多实例的多情况，本文档主要讲述的是MySQL-5.7多实例部署，基础环境情况如下：
centos 7.4
mysql-5.7.32（二进制包）（直接解压放置相应的目录进行数据库初始化即可）
2.MySQL-5.7多实例部署
MySQL二进制包直接解压并且加入环境变量即可：
# tar -xf mysql-5.7.32-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql
# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profie
创建mysql用户，创建msyql工作目录并且目录授权
# groupadd -r mysql
# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql
# mkdir -p /data/mysql_{3306,3307}/{data,log,tmp}
# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/
修改数据库配置文件
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log = /tmp/mysql_multi.log
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
key_buffer_size = 32M
wait_timeout=3600
max_allowed_packet = 200M
table_open_cache = 128
sort_buffer_size = 768K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 768K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_size = 16M
tmp_table_size = 32M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 500
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535
[mysqld3306]
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/data/mysql_3306/data
port=3306
server_id=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql_3306.sock
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql_3306/log/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql_3306/log/error.log
binlog_format = mixed
log-bin = /data/mysql_3306/log/mysql3306_bin
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump3306]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 1024M
[mysql3306]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk3306]
key_buffer_size = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 768K
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy3306]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld3307]
mysqld=mysqld
mysqladmin=mysqladmin
datadir=/data/mysql_3307/data
port=3307
server_id=3307
socket=/tmp/mysql_3307.sock
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql_3307/log/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql_3307/log/error.log
binlog_format = mixed
log-bin = /data/mysql_3307/log/mysql3307_bin
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump3307]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 1024M
[mysql3307]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk3307]
key_buffer_size = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 768K
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy3307]
interactive-timeout
数据库初始化
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_3306/data
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_3307/data
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start #启动多实例
# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi report #查看多实例状态
修改数据库初始化密码
# mysql -S /tmp/mysql_3306.sock -p'xa+jl+)M2f/e'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.32-log
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = 'Vvm!@#2020';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
# mysql -S /tmp/mysql_3307.sock -p'I+e;jlw6B3qO'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.32-log
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = 'Vvm!@#2020';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
总结：1.二进制包不需要进行安装部署，只需解压和设置环境变量，最后数据库初始化即可完成数据库部署。