transformers、pytorch-transformers、pytorch-pretrained-bert的使用与介绍

一、transformers、pytorch-transformers、pytorch-pretrained-bert三者的关系

网上的一些介绍是“transformers包又名pytorch-transformers或者pytorch-pretrained-bert”

但是根据一些了解，实际上transformers库是最新的版本（以前称为pytorch-transformers和pytorch-pretrained-bert）

所以它在前两者的基础上对一些函数与方法进行了改进，包括一些函数可能只有在transformers库里才能使用，所以使用transformers库比较方便。

它提供了一些列的STOA模型的实现，包括(Bert、XLNet、RoBERTa等)。下面介绍该包的使用方法：

二、安装transformer库：

pip install transformer

三、对于bert的使用

在使用transformers的时候，由于Bert的文件都在AWS上存储，transformers的默认下载地址指向的是AWS，因此在国内下载速度非常慢。需要手动下载。

模型的bin文件下载

BERT_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_MAP = {
    'bert-base-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-uncased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-large-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-cased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-large-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-multilingual-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-multilingual-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-multilingual-cased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-chinese': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-chinese-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-german-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-cased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-german-dbmdz-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-dbmdz-cased-pytorch_model.bin",
    'bert-base-german-dbmdz-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-dbmdz-uncased-pytorch_model.bin",
}

模型的json文件下载

BERT_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP = {
    'bert-base-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-uncased-config.json",
    'bert-large-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-config.json",
    'bert-base-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-cased-config.json",
    'bert-large-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-config.json",
    'bert-base-multilingual-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-config.json",
    'bert-base-multilingual-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-multilingual-cased-config.json",
    'bert-base-chinese': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-chinese-config.json",
    'bert-base-german-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-cased-config.json",
    'bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-config.json",
    'bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-config.json",
    'bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad-config.json",
    'bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad-config.json",
    'bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc-config.json",
    'bert-base-german-dbmdz-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-dbmdz-cased-config.json",
    'bert-base-german-dbmdz-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-dbmdz-uncased-config.json",
}

模型的词表文件下载：

PRETRAINED_VOCAB_FILES_MAP = {
    'vocab_file':
    {
        'bert-base-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-uncased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-large-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-cased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-large-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-multilingual-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-multilingual-uncased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-multilingual-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-multilingual-cased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-chinese': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-chinese-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-german-cased': "https://int-deepset-models-bert.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/pytorch/bert-base-german-cased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-vocab.txt",
        'bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-vocab.txt",
        'bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-uncased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad-vocab.txt",
        'bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-large-cased-whole-word-masking-finetuned-squad-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-cased-finetuned-mrpc-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-german-dbmdz-cased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-dbmdz-cased-vocab.txt",
        'bert-base-german-dbmdz-uncased': "https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-german-dbmdz-uncased-vocab.txt",
    }
}

transformers的模型下载默认在~/.cache/torch/transformers/中！